台灣資本不實規範之研究 ─與日本法之比較

Abstract

公司法為財經法之一，財經法律不同於民法和刑法，為了配合現在變化快速的經濟社會，在規範上更有彈性、調整的速度更快。公司法在修正的過程中，曾將過去許多違反特定事項的刑事處罰規定刪除或是修正。\n而公司法中，資本為一重要概念，為保護資本健全，法律上訂有資本不實之規定，並且有刑事、民事以及行政上之責任。但在上述提及的公司法修正中，卻不見資本不實的刑事責任有調整的跡象。資本不實是否仍需要有刑事處罰，公司法第9條中的規定是否完善，是本文欲探討之議題。\n本文藉由先分析我國之法規以及相關研究，並且做實務上的判決統計，來瞭解我國目前在資本不實的議題上有哪些討論以及那些問題，再參考日本法制對於虛假出資的規範，以此提出對我國資本不實規範的修正建議。

Company Act is one of financial law. Financial law is different from civil law or criminal law. Because economic society changes so fast now, in order to adapt the speed of changing of economic society, financial law needs to revise even faster and be more flexible. During the revision of Company Act, legislators deleted or revised many criminal penalties in Company Act.\nIn Company Act, “capital” is one important concept. In order to make sure the company is well capitalized，there is one article in Company Act (article 9), which explains the criminal, civil and administrative responsibilities for having the specilic circumstances of unture capital. During the revision of Company Act, article 9 has not been revised for a long time. How can we revise article 9 of Company Act, and is the criminal penalty in article 9 still needed, these issues will be discussed in this paper.\nThe structure of this paper, first chapter is about analysising Taiwan’s Company Act and related academic studies, also collecting datas of judgment of article 9. It helps us to understand if there is any question needs to be discussed. Second chapter is about the regulation of Japan’s Company Act and related studies. Last is using Japanese law as reference to propose the revision suggestion of article 9 of Company Act in Taiwan.