論民法第1064條準正規範之功能——歐陸主要國家與我國民法之準正規範的比較觀察

Abstract

準正制度之目的，係於非婚生子女於規範上受有不平等對待時，使其能於法定特定情事下取得婚生性，轉換身分並因此適用婚生子女之規範，而於此等情事下與婚生子女平等對待。於認領規範具有身分效果而能發生法律上父子關係時，準正規範於立法政策上即應以經認領為要件，且僅具有取得婚生性之效果而不發生法律上父子關係。惟非婚生子女於我國民法規範下本已被平等對待，其並無透過第1064條準正規範取得婚生性之需求，且第1065條認領規範於發生父子關係之外亦具有取得婚生性之效果，而不妨刪除第1064條準正規範。

The institution of legitimation aims at acquiring legitimacy forillegitimate children subsequently in specific statutory circumstancesand therefore transforming their status while they are unequally treatedbefore law. The provisions for legitimate children are consequentlyapplicable for them and at least in these circumstances they are treatedequally as legitimate children. While recognition of illegitimate child isable to establish the filiation between father and illegitimate child,recognition de lege ferenda shall serve as the requirement oflegitimation under Art. 1064 of the Civil Code. Legitimation shall onlyresult in the effect to acquire legitimacy, not to establish the filiation.Due to the background of equal treatment of illegitimate and legitimate children, the former group has no need for legitimacy. Besides, theeffects of recognition already include establishing both the filiation andlegitimacy according to Art. 1065 of the Civil Code. Thus, it issuggested that the provision of legitimation of Art. 1064 of the CivilCode could be abandoned.