美國印太戰略對我國軍事安全影響之研析

Abstract

自第二次世界大戰結束以來，美國成為全球獨霸，在全球各大洲均設有駐外軍事司令部，介入各個地區的國際及軍事事務，全盛時期，甚至宣稱：同時打贏兩場局部戰爭。在經歷了與蘇聯的冷戰、對中東世界的反恐戰爭，甚至2008年的金融風暴，近年來已明顯可見在世界各地多處的力道減弱，美國現任總統川普就任以後，先後退出了「跨太平洋貿易夥伴協議（Trans-Pacific Partnership）」、「中程核飛彈條約（INF Treaty）」等，並在部分地區要求盟友提高駐外美軍基地的軍費分攤，種種都顯示出美國已不再如過往一般，擁有完全稱霸全球的超強實力。反觀中國大陸方面，自鄧小平以來，致力於經濟的全面發展，經過30年的努力經營，經濟實力已躍居全球第二大，直逼美國老大哥，而同時連帶起來的，是其科技、軍事、外交的實力及影響力，已讓美國正式宣告，中國大陸為「戰略競爭者」。我國位處東亞地區的關鍵樞紐位置，不論是與中國大陸多年來的主權爭議問題，或是面對美國對我國多年來的戰略價值起伏不定，在此狀況下，勢須重新檢視我國的戰略地位。\n研究發現，中國大陸的崛起已勢所難擋，即便如美國一般的霸權國家，也只能盡量「延緩」其崛起速度；美國為求維持其霸權的領先地位，必將無可避免的介入印太地區，透過多方建立雙、多邊關係、積極爭取周邊國家的合作，以加大對中國的「圍堵」力道。我國可充分運用此一戰略機遇，及自身無可替代的地緣戰略價值，發展長程戰略預警功能，建立自主國防能力、增加軍購預算、提升整體戰力。但面對國際現實狀況而言，仍應妥採適度的「避險」策略，不宜過度單邊傾向美國，畢竟「和平」、「穩定」，才是最好的生存之道。

From the end of the world war Ⅱ,The United States became the super hegemony,and deployed military commands in every continent of the world to intervene foreign affairs.And declared whose can “win two local wars at the same time”.\nAfter experiencing the Cold war with the Soviet Union,the war on terrors against the Middle East,and even the financial turmoil in2008,it has become apparent in recent years that the strength of mamy places around the world has weakened.After the current US President Donald Trump took office,he was withdraw from the”Trans-Pacific Partnership”,”INF Treaty”etc.,and in some regions, allies are required to increase the military apportionment of US military bases stationed abroad, all of which show that the United States is no longer as good as it used to be. Generally, they have super powers that completely dominate the world. In contrast ,in mainland China ,since Deng Xiaoping has been committed to the overall development of the economy.After 30 years of hard work ,the economic power has become the srcond largest in the world,and it is close to the America.And its strength and influence of technology,military,diplomacy has made the United States formally declare that China is a”stragetic competitor.”Our country is located on a key pivotal position in East Asia,where it is a dispute with mainland China over the years of sovereignty or facing the ups and downs of the United States’Stragetic value to our country.Under this situation,we must review our stragetic position.\nThe study found that the rise of mainland China has become irresistible. Even hegemonic countries like the United States can only "slow down" its rise as much as possible. the United States will inevitably intervene in India in order to maintain its leading position in hegemony. In the Pacific region, through multi-party establishment of bilateral and multilateral relations, and actively strive for cooperation with neighboring countries, in order to increase the "containment" of China.We can make full use of the stragetic opportunity and its own irreplaceable Geo-stragetic Value, develop long-range strategic early warning functions, establish independent national defense capabilities, increase arms purchase budgets, and enhance overall combat power. However, in the face of international realities, it is still appropriate to adopt a proper "risk-avoidance" strategy. It is not appropriate to over-unilaterally lean towards the United States. After all, "peace" and "stability" are the best ways to survive.