半嫌惡設施對房價的非線性影響— 以台北市消防單位為例

Abstract

本文研究主要探討半嫌惡設施對於房價的非線性影響，並以台北市消防單位為例。人們對於這類半嫌惡設施的鄰近性有著曖昧不明的矛盾態度：既不希望這類設施緊鄰於自家住宅而影響到日常生活的居住品質，例如鄰近警消局處會時常受到警車和救護車的警笛聲影響，但同時又需要這些設施所提供的服務，如上述機關所提供的安全感庇蔭。因此，半嫌惡設施的特性反映在房屋價格的程度會因與其距離的不同而有異。本研究基於此基礎建立假說，並以民國108年度台北市不動產實價登錄資料搭配地理資訊系統，以特徵價格最小平方法(OLS)、分位迴歸方法(Quantile)、樣條迴歸方法(Spline)、分段迴歸方法(Segmented)等模型觀察在不同網路距離之下，消防分隊對於房屋價格的非線性影響。本文實證結果得出，在與消防單位距離0.5公里時，隨著與消防局距離增加，房屋交易單價也跟著上升，意指在這個距離區間中，消防局的鄰近性對於住宅價格的影響為負向的。在0.5公里之後，與消防局距離增加對於交易單價造成下降，但詳細的影響效果依模型設定有不同結果。但不可否認的是，半嫌惡設施在短距離內對於房屋價格影響為負向，而中長距離後為正向的。

This thesis mainly discusses the non-linear impact of semi-obnoxious facilities on housing prices, and takes the Taipei’s fire stations as an example. People have an ambiguous and contradictory attitude towards the proximity of such these semi-obnoxious facilities, and they do not want such facilities to be adjacent to their homes and affect the quality of their daily lives. For example, those who living close to fire station or police station will suffer from the annoyance of ambulance siren noise, but at the same time they need the services provided by these facilities, such as the sense of security provided by police station. Therefore, the degree to the characteristics of semi-obnoxious facilities are reflected in the price of houses will vary depending on the distance from them. This thesis builds a hypothesis based on this foundation, and uses the registration data of real estate prices in Taipei City in 2019 to match the geographic information system, then uses the hedonic pricing least square method (OLS), quantile regression method, spline regression method and segmented regression method to observe the non-linear impact of fire station on house prices under different network distances. The empirical results of this thesis show that when the distance from the fire station is 0.5 km, the house price increases as the distance from the fire station increases, which means that in this distance range, the proximity of the fire station has a negative impact on the housing price. After 0.5 km, the increase in the distance from the fire station will cause a decrease in the house price, but the detailed effects will have different results depending on the model settings. But it is undeniable that semi-obnoxious facilities have a negative impact on house prices in short distances, and a positive effect after medium and long distances.