職業指導國際勞動基準之研究

Abstract

我國現今失業率居高不下，許多青少年面臨著大學畢業即失業的窘境，對於未來畢業後的職場生活仍充滿了問號，大學生畢業容易就業的榮景已不復以往；勞工在面臨就業瓶頸時，也常常歸因於所選職業與職業性向與技能無法相配合，導致就業及轉業的困難。\r\n 加上工業化及全球化變遷的趨勢影響，社會變遷迅速、職業分類日漸增多也愈加複雜化，對於工作所要求的專業化程度也日漸升高，原本單純農業社會世襲制度已經不敷現代社會所用，職業資料的收集以及更新較以往更加困難。\r\n由此可見，職業指導在我國的重要性與日俱增。職業指導制度在國際上早有歷史的演進與發展，國際勞工組織（International Labor Organization）在2004年發表的第195號人力資源發展建議書（R195, Human Resources Development Recommendation,2004）中，亦有詳細明確的規定會員國應提供其境內國民終身的職業諮詢以及生涯指導服務。\r\n有鑑於此，興起本人對職業指導制度研究之興趣，本研究之研究方法之採用以文獻整理法與比較研究法為主，以國際勞工組織公約為核心，來檢視我國的職業指導制度，並針對我國職業指導制度的缺失與不足給予相關建議。

Nowadays the unemployment rate upsurges with no alleviation, the students and the youth face the dilemma between graduation and joblessness, questioning the future vocation environment, and competing for a handful of job opportunity. When the labors face the bottleneck of employment and switch, most of the time, it is due to the uncooperative factors among vocation, aptitude, and skill.\r\n\r\n In additional to the industrialization and globalization, the fast society reforming and complicated vocation categorizing also cause the higher requirement of professionalism. The original social system from agricultural society cannot meet to modern vocational environment already, and it becomes more difficult to collect as well as update the vocational data than usual.\r\n\r\n Consequently, the importance of vocational guidance is getting higher daily. Vocational guidance system has been developed and improved internationally and historically. The International Labor Organization had declared the clearly- detailed policy about the member nations should provide lifelong vocational consultation and career guidance service within the R195, Human Resources Development Recommendation, 2004.\r\n\r\n From the statement above, I am greatly interested in and desirous to vocational guidance research. The research methodology is focused on literaturel collection method and research comaprison method, based on international lobar organization policy to inspect the domestic vocational guidance, and targeted at inadequacy and insufficiency of the domestic vocational guide to present related suggestions.