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題名 論「人之解放」--馬克思主義與拉丁美洲解放神學的比較研究
On Human Liberation
作者 劉清虔
Liu, Ching Chien
貢獻者 楊世雄
Yang,Shin Shuong
劉清虔
Liu,Ching Chien
關鍵詞 馬克思主義
解放神學
意識型態
宰制
社會結構
Marxism
Liberation Theology
Ideology
Domination
Social Structure
日期 1993
1993
上傳時間 29-Apr-2016 15:54:18 (UTC+8)
摘要 本世紀中葉，在拉丁美洲興起了一股以「解放」為主題的思潮，這股思潮
     是在基督宗教的脈絡中發展的，稱為「解放神學」(the theology of
     liberation)。拉丁美洲諸國在歷經歐洲霸權國家數世紀以來的殖民，已
     感受到強烈的桎梏；加上二次大戰後美國強勢經濟的操控、國內政局的不
     穩定、種族問題的嚴重，使拉丁美洲的處境如雪上加霜。基督宗教的神父
     、牧師在實際的牧靈工作中看見了整個社會現象中最殘酷的一面：貧窮、
     失業、疾病、死亡。上溯其原因，不外乎經濟資源的分配不當、政治的高
     壓剝奪人民的參政權利、軍隊橫行致使政權不穩、社會動盪。於是，站在
     基督宗教的立場、以聖經為依歸、以社會科學為分析工具，在對所在處境
     做深度瞭解後，漸形成一套以「解放」為中心的情境化神學。從一九六八
     年「解放神學」定名已來，其最為人注目的，即是馬克思主義的思想在其
     理論中的醒目地位。神學家運用馬克思主義分析資本主義社會的方法，藉
     以理解拉丁美洲的現況。因為，解放神學是從實踐中衍生的神學，強調「
     正確實踐優先於正確理論」，故此，在運用馬克思主義思想的同時，亦傾
     向社會主義的社會體制，甚至，較激進者更贊成以革命的手段來推翻現有
     不公義的體制。本文基於以上的背景，即以「解放」為主題，以「人性與
     社會」為主軸，探討解放神學與馬克思主義的解放觀、其解放方法，及二
     者之間的種種關係。全文共一冊，分五章十五節，凡二十四萬字，各章內
     容摘要如下：第一章：對拉丁美洲的處境作了一番介紹，以作為理論鋪陳
     的基礎。 第二章：比較了馬克思主義與解放神學對於「解放」的概念及
     範疇。 第三章：則比較二者對於邁向「解放」的方法論。第四章：則處
     理二者之關聯性的問題，包括來源與運用，以及其批判。 第五章：從四
     個方面對「解放」這個概念與行動提出哲學反省。
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
哲學系
G795709
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002003744
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 楊世雄zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yang,Shin Shuongen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉清虔zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Liu,Ching Chienen_US
dc.creator (作者) 劉清虔zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Liu, Ching Chienen_US
dc.date (日期) 1993en_US
dc.date (日期) 1993en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Apr-2016 15:54:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Apr-2016 15:54:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Apr-2016 15:54:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002003744en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/88433-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 哲學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) G795709zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本世紀中葉，在拉丁美洲興起了一股以「解放」為主題的思潮，這股思潮
     是在基督宗教的脈絡中發展的，稱為「解放神學」(the theology of
     liberation)。拉丁美洲諸國在歷經歐洲霸權國家數世紀以來的殖民，已
     感受到強烈的桎梏；加上二次大戰後美國強勢經濟的操控、國內政局的不
     穩定、種族問題的嚴重，使拉丁美洲的處境如雪上加霜。基督宗教的神父
     、牧師在實際的牧靈工作中看見了整個社會現象中最殘酷的一面：貧窮、
     失業、疾病、死亡。上溯其原因，不外乎經濟資源的分配不當、政治的高
     壓剝奪人民的參政權利、軍隊橫行致使政權不穩、社會動盪。於是，站在
     基督宗教的立場、以聖經為依歸、以社會科學為分析工具，在對所在處境
     做深度瞭解後，漸形成一套以「解放」為中心的情境化神學。從一九六八
     年「解放神學」定名已來，其最為人注目的，即是馬克思主義的思想在其
     理論中的醒目地位。神學家運用馬克思主義分析資本主義社會的方法，藉
     以理解拉丁美洲的現況。因為，解放神學是從實踐中衍生的神學，強調「
     正確實踐優先於正確理論」，故此，在運用馬克思主義思想的同時，亦傾
     向社會主義的社會體制，甚至，較激進者更贊成以革命的手段來推翻現有
     不公義的體制。本文基於以上的背景，即以「解放」為主題，以「人性與
     社會」為主軸，探討解放神學與馬克思主義的解放觀、其解放方法，及二
     者之間的種種關係。全文共一冊，分五章十五節，凡二十四萬字，各章內
     容摘要如下：第一章：對拉丁美洲的處境作了一番介紹，以作為理論鋪陳
     的基礎。 第二章：比較了馬克思主義與解放神學對於「解放」的概念及
     範疇。 第三章：則比較二者對於邁向「解放」的方法論。第四章：則處
     理二者之關聯性的問題，包括來源與運用，以及其批判。 第五章：從四
     個方面對「解放」這個概念與行動提出哲學反省。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 緒　　論‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１
     第一章 拉丁美洲的當代處境
     　　第一節　　經濟發展‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧９
     一、 帝國主義‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧９
     二、 低度發展與依賴理論的反省‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１２
      第二節 政治結構‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２０
     一、 低度發展與政治發展‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２０
     二、 菁英、軍隊與官僚威權體制‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２４
     　第三節　宗教概況與解放神學的興起‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２９
     一、 教會與社會關係‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２９
     二、 當代處境下的教會活動‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３３
     三、 具決定性的三個會議‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３６
     第二章 馬克思主義與解放神學的「解放」觀‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧５５
     　　　一、馬克思之哲學人類學中對「人」的看法‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧５６
     　　　二、馬克思階級理論中對「社會結構」的解析‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧６４
     　　　三、馬克思政治經濟學中對「階級剝削」的分析‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧７１
     　第二節　解放神學對解放的理解‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧７６
     一、 解放神學家的意見‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧７７
     二、 解放在人性論上的意見‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧８５
     　　　三、解放在社會結構上的意義‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧９１
     第三章　解放的方法論
     　第一節　馬克思主義的方法‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１１１
     一、 意識形態的批判‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１１２
     二、 階級意識的啟蒙‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１１６
     三、 社會主義政治革命的行動‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１２２
     　第二節　解放神學的方法‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１２７
     一、 解放神學的兩個階段‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１２８
     二、 意識化教育的啟蒙‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１３３
     三、 基層團體的落實‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１３７
     四、 社會主義革命的實踐‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１４３
     第四章　馬克思主義與解放神學的討論
     　第一節　影響解放神學的馬克思主義思想‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１６４
     　　　一、L.Althusser對馬克思主義的詮釋‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１６４
     　　　二、A.Gramsci對馬克思主義的詮釋‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧ １７２
     　第二節　解放神學與馬克思主義的關聯‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１７８
     一、 解放神學的社會分析對馬克思主義的運用‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１７９
     二、 解放神學家的看法‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１９０
     　第三節　教廷教義部的訓令及其討論‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧１９９
     一、 訓令的內容分析‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２００
     二、 對訓令內容的反應‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２０８
     　第四節　基督徒對馬克思主義者‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２１６
     一、 馬克思對宗教的批判‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２１７
     二、 馬克思主義對基督宗教的挑戰‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２２１
     三、 對「基督徒馬克思主義者」的批判反省‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２２５
     第五章　對「解放」的哲學反省
     　第一節　「解放」的弔詭‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２５４
     一、 解放的雙重意涵‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２５４
     二、 解放的弔詭與定義‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２６２
     　第二節　人性與社會之間‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２６９
     一、 對馬克思理論的反省‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２７０
     二、 對解放神學的反省‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２７５
     　第三節　愛與暴力之間‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２８３
     一、 對暴力的考察‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２８３
     二、 解放神學家對愛與暴力的看法‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２８９
     三、 對愛與暴力的反省‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧２９７
     　第四節　信仰與意識形態之間‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３００
     一、 信仰與意識形態的本質‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３０１
     二、 印養與意識形態的關聯‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３０７
     三、 解放的基礎：真理‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３１２
     結　論‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３２７
     參考書目‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧３３５		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002003744en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬克思主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 解放神學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 意識型態zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 宰制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Marxismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Liberation Theologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ideologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Dominationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Structureen_US
dc.title (題名) 論「人之解放」--馬克思主義與拉丁美洲解放神學的比較研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) On Human Liberationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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     三、英文期刊與論文:
     
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     2. Anderson Charles W. “El Salvador : The Army as Reformer,” in Martion C.Needler, (ed.), “Political Systems of Latin America” Princeton,(D.Van Nostrand Company,1964).
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