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題名 輔導人員的人性觀.諮商理論傾向與其在諮商情境中反應方式之間的關係
作者 張振芬
貢獻者 鍾思嘉
張振芬
日期 1991
1990
上傳時間 2-May-2016 17:06:45 (UTC+8)
摘要 摘要
參考文獻 一、中文部份\r\n\r\n林幸台(民67) 輔導人員在諮商情境中的反應方式及其與人格特質的關係。省立教育學院輔導學報, 1 期, 65-91。\r\n許勝哲(民74) 輔導人員諮商理論傾向與其在諮商情境中反應方式關係之研究。彰化教育學院輔導研究所碩士論文。\r\n劉志如(民78) :監獄(輔育院)教化人員之個別會談反應方式,諮商理論傾向及其對應用諮商意見之調查研究。 彰化教育學院輔導研究所碩士論文。\r\n蕭文(民78) 美國諮商專業的發展趨勢。輔導月刊, 25 卷,11 、12 期, 3-11. 15 。\r\n\r\n二、西文部份\r\n\r\nArbuckle, D. S. (1985). Five philosophical issues in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 5, 211-215.\r\nAsa, L. E. (1957). Interview behavior and counselor personality variables. Counselor Education and Supervision, 5, 324-330.\r\nBarclay, J. R. (1968). Counseling and philosophy: A theoretical exposition. In B. Shertzer and S. C.Stone (Eds.), Guidance monograph series. Boston:Houghton Mifflin.\r\nBarclay, J . R. (1971). Foundations of? counseling strategies. New York: Wiley.\r\nBennett, R. M., Rosser, R. S. & Hope, L. H. (1977).Effects of human relations training on preservice teachers` attitudes toward human nature. Psychological\r\nReports, 40, 1287-1290.\r\nBohn, M. J. (1965). Counselor behavior as s function of counselor experience and client type. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 12, 346-352.\r\nCampbell, R. E. (1962). Counselor personality and background and his interview subrole behavior.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 9, 329- 334.\r\nCohen, W. D. (1974). Relationship of selected psychiatrist and patient characteristics to psychiatrist`s attributional and nonattributional responses in individual psychotherapy. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34, 1905B.\r\nCorey, G . F . ( 1982 , 1986) . Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Wadsworth, Inc.,Belmont, California.\r\nDanish, S. J., D`Augelli, A. R., & Brock, G.- W. (1976).An evaluation of helping skill Is training: effects on helpers` verbal responses. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23, 259-266.\r\nEdwards, D. J. (1987). Perceptions of groups by South African white women. The Journal of Social Psychology, 127, 539-541.\r\nFiedler, F. E. (1950).The concept of the ideal therapeutic relationship. Journal of Consulting psychology, 14, 239-245.\r\nFiedler, F. E. (1950). A comparison of therapeutic relationship In psychoanalytic, nondirective, and Adlerian therapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology,14, 436-445.\r\nFrey, D. H. (1972). Conceptualizing Counseling Theories:A content analysis of process and goal statements.Counselor Education and Supervision, 11, 243-250.\r\nGarfield, S. L., & Kurtz, R. (1974). A survey of clinical psychologists: Characterists, activities,and orientations. The Clinical Psychologist, 28, 7-10.\r\nGehman, W. S. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 229.\r\nGoldschmid, M. L., Stein, D. D. Weissman, H. N., & Sorrells, J. (1969). A survey of the training and practices of clinical psychologist. The Clinical Psychologist, 22, 89-107.\r\nHill, C. E. (1978).Development of a counseling verbal response category system.Journal of Couseling Psychology,25,461-468.\r\nHill, C. E., Thamas, T. B.,& Rardin, D. K.(1979).Comparison of Rogers,Perls,and Ellis on the Hill Counselor Verbal Response Category System.Journal of Counseling Psychology,26,198-203.\r\nJones, J. E, (1967).Helping-relationship response tendencies and occupational affiliation.Personnel and Guidance Journal,45,671-675.\r\nKemp, C. G. (1962). Counseling responses and need structures of high school principals and of counselor. Journal of counseling Psychology, 9, 326-328.\r\nKhan, J. A., Cross, D. G., Daigleish, I., & Wiltshire,E. B. (1982). Role of task and interpersonal variables In differential perception of short-term insight-oriented and behavior therapy. Psychological Reports, 50, 1179-1186.\r\nKivlighan, D. M. (1989). Changes In counselor intention and response modes and In client reactions and session evaluation after training. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36, 471-476.\r\nLee, D. J . (1983). Philosophy and Counseling: A Metatheoretical Analysis. Personnel an Guidance Journal , 61, 523-526.\r\nLee, D. Y., & Uhlemann, M. R. (1984). Comparision of verbal responses of Rogers, Shostrom, and Lazarus.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 91-94.\r\nLoesch, L. C., & McDavis, R. J. (1978). A scale for assessing Counseling-Orientation Prefernces.Counselor Education and Supervision, 17, 262-271.\r\nLondon, P. (1964). The modes and morals of psychotherapy. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.\r\nLondon, P. & Rosenhan, D. (1968). foundations of abnormal psychotherapy. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. 589-590.\r\nMason, R., Holt, F. D. & Newsome, G. (1969). Human nature and authoritarianism in seminary students and counselor trainees. Personnel and Guidance Journal,47, 689-692.\r\nMay, E. P. (1974). Counselors`,psychologists`,and homosexuals` philosophies of human nature and attitudes toward homosexual behavior. Homosexual Counseling Journal, 1,3-25.\r\nMcNair, D. M., & Lorr, M. (1964). An analysis of professed psychotherapeutic techniques. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 28,265-271.\r\nMeara, N. M., Shannon, M. J., & Pepinsky, H. S. (1979).Comparison of the stylistic complexity of the language of counselor and client aross three theoretical orientations.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 26, 181-189.\r\nMeara, N. M. ,Pepinsky H. B. ,Shannon, J. W. & .Murray, W.A. (1981). Semantic communication and expectation for counseling across three theoretical orientations\r\n. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 110-118.\r\nNosal, W. S. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 299-301.\r\nOkun , B. F. (1976). Effective helping: Interviewing and counseling techniques. North Scituate, Massachusetts: Duxbury.\r\nPalisi, A. T. (1973). Effects of multiplexity, self -confidence and different clients on the verbal,interview behavior of counselor trainees. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34, 1625-1626.\r\nPalisi, A. T., & Ruzicka, M. F. (1977). Effects of counselor trainees`personality and philosophy and of client type on interview dynamics. Humanist Educator ,15,110-118.\r\nPatterson, C. (1966). Theories of counseting and psychotherapy. New York: Harper & Row.\r\nPeterson, G., & Bradtey, R. W. (1980). Counselor orientation and theoretical attitudes toward counseling historical perspective and new data.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 27, 554-560.\r\nReisman, J. M. & Yamokoski, T. (1974). Psychotherapy and friendship: An analysis of the communications of friends. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 21, 169-273.\r\nRice, D. G., Gurman, A. S., & Razin, A. M. (1974).Therapist sex, style and theoretical orientation.Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 159, 413-421.\r\nRogers, C. R. (1957). A note on \"the nature of man\".Journal of Counseling Psychology, 4, 199-203.\r\nRuzicka, M. F., Naun, R. (1976). Range of behavior as a function of counselor philosophy and coached-client role behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23,\r\n283-285.\r\nRuzicka, M. F., & Palisi, A. T. (1976). Influence of philosophy and the ` need to control on trainess’ verbal behavior. Humanist Educator, 15, 36-40.\r\nSipps, G. J., Sugden, G. J. & Faiver, C. M. (1988).Counselor training level and verbal respones type:their relationship to efficacy and outcome expectations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35,397-401.\r\nSmith, D. (1982). Trends in counseling and psychotherapy. American psychologist, 37, 802-809.\r\nStrickland, B. (1969). The philosophy-theory-practice continuum: a point of view. Counselor Education and Supervision, 8,165-175.\r\nStrupp, H. H. (1955). An objective comparison of Rogerian and psychoanalytic techniques. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19, 1-7.\r\nStrupp, H. H. (1958). The performance of psychoanalytic and client-centerd therapist in an initial interview. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 22, 265-274.\r\nSundland, D. M. & Barker, E. N. (1962). The orientations of psychotherapists. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 26, 201-212.\r\nSundland, D. M. (1977). Theoretical orientation of psychotherapists. In A. Gurman & A. Razin (Eds.),Effective psychotherapy A handbook of research.New York : Pergamon.\r\nThompson, A. P. (1986). Changes in counseling skills during graduate and undergraduate study. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 65-72.\r\nWalker, D. E. (1956). Carl Rogers and the nature of man.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 89-92.\r\nWalker, D. E. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 229-230.\r\nWhalen,C. K., & Flowers, J. V. (1977). Effects or role and gender mix on verbal communicatoin modes.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24, 281-287.\r\nWildman, R. W., & Wildman, R.W. (1967). The practice of clinical psychology in the United States. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 23,292-295.\r\nWrenn, R. L. (1960). Counselor orientation theoretical or situational? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 7, 40-45 .\r\nWrightsman, L. S. (1964). Measurement of philsophies of human nature. Psychological Reports, 14, 743-751.\r\nWrightsman, L. S. (1974).Assumptions about human nature:a social-psychological approach. Belmont California:Wadsworth.\r\nZimmer, J. M., & Pepyne, E. W. (1971). A descriptive and comparative study of dimensions of counselor response. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 18, 441-447.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004809
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 鍾思嘉zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張振芬zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 張振芬zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1991en_US
dc.date (日期) 1990en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-May-2016 17:06:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-May-2016 17:06:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-May-2016 17:06:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002004809en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=101661-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 摘要zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄\r\n\r\n第一章 緒 論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 \r\n  第一節 研究動機與目的. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1\r\n  第二節 研究問題. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5\r\n  第三節 名詞詮釋. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7\r\n\r\n第二章 文獻探討. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9\r\n  第一節 人性觀與諮商. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9\r\n  第二節 諮商理論傾向. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17\r\n  第三節 諮商反應方式. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32\r\n  第四節 人性觀、諮商理論傾向和諮商反應方式之間的關係. . . . .42\r\n\r\n第三章 研究方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56\r\n  第一節 研究對象. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.\r\n  第二節 研究工具. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57\r\n  第三節 研究步驟和資料處理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64.\r\n\r\n第四章 研究結果和討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67\r\n  第一節 人性觀. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67\r\n  第二節 諮商理論傾向. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75\r\n  第三節 諮商反應方式. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82\r\n  第四節 人性觀、諮商理論傾向和諮商反應方式之間的關係. . . . .89\r\n  第五節 討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94\r\n\r\n第五章 結論與建議  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101\r\n 第一節 結 論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101\r\n第二節 建 議. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103\r\n\r\n\r\n參考文獻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106\r\n\r\n附錄一. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117\r\n\r\n附錄二. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122\r\n\r\n附錄三. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004809en_US
dc.title (題名) 輔導人員的人性觀.諮商理論傾向與其在諮商情境中反應方式之間的關係zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份\r\n\r\n林幸台(民67) 輔導人員在諮商情境中的反應方式及其與人格特質的關係。省立教育學院輔導學報, 1 期, 65-91。\r\n許勝哲(民74) 輔導人員諮商理論傾向與其在諮商情境中反應方式關係之研究。彰化教育學院輔導研究所碩士論文。\r\n劉志如(民78) :監獄(輔育院)教化人員之個別會談反應方式,諮商理論傾向及其對應用諮商意見之調查研究。 彰化教育學院輔導研究所碩士論文。\r\n蕭文(民78) 美國諮商專業的發展趨勢。輔導月刊, 25 卷,11 、12 期, 3-11. 15 。\r\n\r\n二、西文部份\r\n\r\nArbuckle, D. S. (1985). Five philosophical issues in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 5, 211-215.\r\nAsa, L. E. (1957). Interview behavior and counselor personality variables. Counselor Education and Supervision, 5, 324-330.\r\nBarclay, J. R. (1968). Counseling and philosophy: A theoretical exposition. In B. Shertzer and S. C.Stone (Eds.), Guidance monograph series. Boston:Houghton Mifflin.\r\nBarclay, J . R. (1971). Foundations of? counseling strategies. New York: Wiley.\r\nBennett, R. M., Rosser, R. S. & Hope, L. H. (1977).Effects of human relations training on preservice teachers` attitudes toward human nature. Psychological\r\nReports, 40, 1287-1290.\r\nBohn, M. J. (1965). Counselor behavior as s function of counselor experience and client type. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 12, 346-352.\r\nCampbell, R. E. (1962). Counselor personality and background and his interview subrole behavior.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 9, 329- 334.\r\nCohen, W. D. (1974). Relationship of selected psychiatrist and patient characteristics to psychiatrist`s attributional and nonattributional responses in individual psychotherapy. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34, 1905B.\r\nCorey, G . F . ( 1982 , 1986) . Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Wadsworth, Inc.,Belmont, California.\r\nDanish, S. J., D`Augelli, A. R., & Brock, G.- W. (1976).An evaluation of helping skill Is training: effects on helpers` verbal responses. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23, 259-266.\r\nEdwards, D. J. (1987). Perceptions of groups by South African white women. The Journal of Social Psychology, 127, 539-541.\r\nFiedler, F. E. (1950).The concept of the ideal therapeutic relationship. Journal of Consulting psychology, 14, 239-245.\r\nFiedler, F. E. (1950). A comparison of therapeutic relationship In psychoanalytic, nondirective, and Adlerian therapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology,14, 436-445.\r\nFrey, D. H. (1972). Conceptualizing Counseling Theories:A content analysis of process and goal statements.Counselor Education and Supervision, 11, 243-250.\r\nGarfield, S. L., & Kurtz, R. (1974). A survey of clinical psychologists: Characterists, activities,and orientations. The Clinical Psychologist, 28, 7-10.\r\nGehman, W. S. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 229.\r\nGoldschmid, M. L., Stein, D. D. Weissman, H. N., & Sorrells, J. (1969). A survey of the training and practices of clinical psychologist. The Clinical Psychologist, 22, 89-107.\r\nHill, C. E. (1978).Development of a counseling verbal response category system.Journal of Couseling Psychology,25,461-468.\r\nHill, C. E., Thamas, T. B.,& Rardin, D. K.(1979).Comparison of Rogers,Perls,and Ellis on the Hill Counselor Verbal Response Category System.Journal of Counseling Psychology,26,198-203.\r\nJones, J. E, (1967).Helping-relationship response tendencies and occupational affiliation.Personnel and Guidance Journal,45,671-675.\r\nKemp, C. G. (1962). Counseling responses and need structures of high school principals and of counselor. Journal of counseling Psychology, 9, 326-328.\r\nKhan, J. A., Cross, D. G., Daigleish, I., & Wiltshire,E. B. (1982). Role of task and interpersonal variables In differential perception of short-term insight-oriented and behavior therapy. Psychological Reports, 50, 1179-1186.\r\nKivlighan, D. M. (1989). Changes In counselor intention and response modes and In client reactions and session evaluation after training. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36, 471-476.\r\nLee, D. J . (1983). Philosophy and Counseling: A Metatheoretical Analysis. Personnel an Guidance Journal , 61, 523-526.\r\nLee, D. Y., & Uhlemann, M. R. (1984). Comparision of verbal responses of Rogers, Shostrom, and Lazarus.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 91-94.\r\nLoesch, L. C., & McDavis, R. J. (1978). A scale for assessing Counseling-Orientation Prefernces.Counselor Education and Supervision, 17, 262-271.\r\nLondon, P. (1964). The modes and morals of psychotherapy. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.\r\nLondon, P. & Rosenhan, D. (1968). foundations of abnormal psychotherapy. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. 589-590.\r\nMason, R., Holt, F. D. & Newsome, G. (1969). Human nature and authoritarianism in seminary students and counselor trainees. Personnel and Guidance Journal,47, 689-692.\r\nMay, E. P. (1974). Counselors`,psychologists`,and homosexuals` philosophies of human nature and attitudes toward homosexual behavior. Homosexual Counseling Journal, 1,3-25.\r\nMcNair, D. M., & Lorr, M. (1964). An analysis of professed psychotherapeutic techniques. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 28,265-271.\r\nMeara, N. M., Shannon, M. J., & Pepinsky, H. S. (1979).Comparison of the stylistic complexity of the language of counselor and client aross three theoretical orientations.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 26, 181-189.\r\nMeara, N. M. ,Pepinsky H. B. ,Shannon, J. W. & .Murray, W.A. (1981). Semantic communication and expectation for counseling across three theoretical orientations\r\n. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 110-118.\r\nNosal, W. S. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 299-301.\r\nOkun , B. F. (1976). Effective helping: Interviewing and counseling techniques. North Scituate, Massachusetts: Duxbury.\r\nPalisi, A. T. (1973). Effects of multiplexity, self -confidence and different clients on the verbal,interview behavior of counselor trainees. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34, 1625-1626.\r\nPalisi, A. T., & Ruzicka, M. F. (1977). Effects of counselor trainees`personality and philosophy and of client type on interview dynamics. Humanist Educator ,15,110-118.\r\nPatterson, C. (1966). Theories of counseting and psychotherapy. New York: Harper & Row.\r\nPeterson, G., & Bradtey, R. W. (1980). Counselor orientation and theoretical attitudes toward counseling historical perspective and new data.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 27, 554-560.\r\nReisman, J. M. & Yamokoski, T. (1974). Psychotherapy and friendship: An analysis of the communications of friends. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 21, 169-273.\r\nRice, D. G., Gurman, A. S., & Razin, A. M. (1974).Therapist sex, style and theoretical orientation.Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 159, 413-421.\r\nRogers, C. R. (1957). A note on \"the nature of man\".Journal of Counseling Psychology, 4, 199-203.\r\nRuzicka, M. F., Naun, R. (1976). Range of behavior as a function of counselor philosophy and coached-client role behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23,\r\n283-285.\r\nRuzicka, M. F., & Palisi, A. T. (1976). Influence of philosophy and the ` need to control on trainess’ verbal behavior. Humanist Educator, 15, 36-40.\r\nSipps, G. J., Sugden, G. J. & Faiver, C. M. (1988).Counselor training level and verbal respones type:their relationship to efficacy and outcome expectations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35,397-401.\r\nSmith, D. (1982). Trends in counseling and psychotherapy. American psychologist, 37, 802-809.\r\nStrickland, B. (1969). The philosophy-theory-practice continuum: a point of view. Counselor Education and Supervision, 8,165-175.\r\nStrupp, H. H. (1955). An objective comparison of Rogerian and psychoanalytic techniques. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19, 1-7.\r\nStrupp, H. H. (1958). The performance of psychoanalytic and client-centerd therapist in an initial interview. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 22, 265-274.\r\nSundland, D. M. & Barker, E. N. (1962). The orientations of psychotherapists. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 26, 201-212.\r\nSundland, D. M. (1977). Theoretical orientation of psychotherapists. In A. Gurman & A. Razin (Eds.),Effective psychotherapy A handbook of research.New York : Pergamon.\r\nThompson, A. P. (1986). Changes in counseling skills during graduate and undergraduate study. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 65-72.\r\nWalker, D. E. (1956). Carl Rogers and the nature of man.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 89-92.\r\nWalker, D. E. (1956). Letter to editor. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 229-230.\r\nWhalen,C. K., & Flowers, J. V. (1977). Effects or role and gender mix on verbal communicatoin modes.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24, 281-287.\r\nWildman, R. W., & Wildman, R.W. (1967). The practice of clinical psychology in the United States. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 23,292-295.\r\nWrenn, R. L. (1960). Counselor orientation theoretical or situational? 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