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題名 作業難度與回饋方式對歸因的影響
作者 孫亦君
貢獻者 蔣治邦
孫亦君
日期 1990
1989
上傳時間 2-May-2016 17:06:51 (UTC+8)
摘要 教師常使用口頭的稱讚與責備來管理學童的行為，一般認為：稱讚可以使學童表現出更多的良好行為，責備則可減少不良行為的發生。但是，最近有關歸因的研究提出了一個值得注意的現象：當兩人同時成功，而只有其中一人受到稱讚時，受稱讚者會被評量為具有較低的能力。根據過去在成就情境中的歸因研究發現：當個人做出低能力的歸因時，會降低個人對日後成功的預期，並使他在遭遇困難時容易退縮或放棄嘗試。
參考文獻 1.Barker,G.P. ,& Graham,S.(1987). Developmental study of praise and blame as attributional cues.Journal of Educational Psychology, 79 ( 1 ) ,62- 66.
     2.Brophy,J.(1981). Teacher praise :A functional analysis. Review of Educational ReseaIch,51,5-32.
     3.Crandall,V.C.(1963). Reinforcement effects of adult reactions and nonreactions on children`s achievement expectations. Child Development,34,335-354.
     4.Dweck,C.S.(1975). The role of expectations "and attributions in the alleviation of learned helplessness. journal of Pelsonality and Social Psychology, 31(4),674-685.
     5.Frieze,I . ,& Weiner,B.(1971). Cue utilization and attributional judgments for success and failure.Journal of PeIsonaljty,J9, 591-605.
     6.Harvey,J.H. ,& Weary,G.(1984) . Current Issues In attribution theory and research. Annual Review of Psychology,J5,427-459.
     7.Heider,F.(1958) . The psychology of interpersonal relations.New York:Wiley.
     8.Kelley,H .H.(1973). The processes of causal attribution. American Psychologist,28(2),107-128.
     9.Kukla,A.(1972). Foundations of an attributionat theory of performance . Psychological Review 79(6),454-470.
     10.Meyer,W-U. ,Bachmann,M. ,Biermann,U. ,Hernpelmann,M., Plbger,F-O. ,& Spiller,H.(1979). The informational value of evaluative behavior: Influences of praise and blame on perceptions of ability.Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(2),259-268.
     11.Nicholls,j.G.(1978). The development of the concepts of effort and ability,perception of academic attainment,and the understanding that difficult tasks require more ability. Child Derelopment,19, 800-814.
     12.Schunk,D.H . (1983). Ability versus effort attributional feedback:Differential effects on self-efficacy and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 75(6),848-856.
     13.Sears,D.O.,Freedman,J.L., & Peplau,L.A.(1985).Social psychology (5th ed.).Engiewood Cliff,NJ.
     14.Storms,M.D. ,& Nisbett,R.E.(1970). Insomnia and the attribution process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,16(2),319-328.
     15.Walster,E.(1966). Assignment of responsibility for an accident. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,3(1),73-79.
     16.Weiner,B.(1972). Attribution theory, achievement motivation, and the educational process. Review of Educational Research,f2(2), 203-215.
     17.Weiner,B.(1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of Educational Psychology,11(l),3-25.
     18.Weiner,B.& Kukla,A.(1970) . An attributional analysis of achievement motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,15(l),1-20.
     19.Weiner,B. ,Frieze,I.,Kukla,A. ,Reed,L. ,Rest,S.,& Rosenbaum,R.M.(1971). Perceiving the causes of success and failure. In E.E. Jones, D.E. Kanouse, H.H. Kelley, R.E. Nisbett, S. Val ins, & B. Weiner (Eds.) Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behavior. Morristown,NJ:General Learning Press.
     20.Whitley,B.E.Jr.,& Frieze,I.H.(1983). Expectancy confirmation and egotism as determinants of causal attributions:Two meta-analysis.Manuscript submitted for publication.
     21.Whitley,B.E.Jr.,& Frieze,I.H.(1985). Children`s causal attributions for success and failure in achievement setting: A meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(5),608-616.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005184
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蔣治邦zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 孫亦君zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 孫亦君zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1990en_US
dc.date (日期) 1989en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-May-2016 17:06:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-May-2016 17:06:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-May-2016 17:06:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002005184en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/89747-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 教師常使用口頭的稱讚與責備來管理學童的行為，一般認為：稱讚可以使學童表現出更多的良好行為，責備則可減少不良行為的發生。但是，最近有關歸因的研究提出了一個值得注意的現象：當兩人同時成功，而只有其中一人受到稱讚時，受稱讚者會被評量為具有較低的能力。根據過去在成就情境中的歸因研究發現：當個人做出低能力的歸因時，會降低個人對日後成功的預期，並使他在遭遇困難時容易退縮或放棄嘗試。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論.................... 1
     第二章 文獻探討.................... 7
     第一節 成就情境中的歸因.................... 7
     第二節 教師回饋對歸因的影響.................... 12
     第三節 作業難度對歸因的影響....................22
     第四節 研究問題.................... 24
     第三章 研究方法.................... 27
     第一節 研究對象....................27
     第二節 研究工具....................28
     第三節 實驗者.................... 34
     第四節 研究程序.................... 34
     第四章 研究結果....................37
     第一節 操弄檢定.................... 3 8
     第二節 主要研究結果.................... 41
     第五章 討論與建議.................... 55
     參考文獻.................... 65
     附錄一.................... 69
     附錄二.................... 91		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005184en_US
dc.title (題名) 作業難度與回饋方式對歸因的影響zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.Barker,G.P. ,& Graham,S.(1987). Developmental study of praise and blame as attributional cues.Journal of Educational Psychology, 79 ( 1 ) ,62- 66.
     2.Brophy,J.(1981). Teacher praise :A functional analysis. Review of Educational ReseaIch,51,5-32.
     3.Crandall,V.C.(1963). Reinforcement effects of adult reactions and nonreactions on children`s achievement expectations. Child Development,34,335-354.
     4.Dweck,C.S.(1975). The role of expectations "and attributions in the alleviation of learned helplessness. journal of Pelsonality and Social Psychology, 31(4),674-685.
     5.Frieze,I . ,& Weiner,B.(1971). Cue utilization and attributional judgments for success and failure.Journal of PeIsonaljty,J9, 591-605.
     6.Harvey,J.H. ,& Weary,G.(1984) . Current Issues In attribution theory and research. Annual Review of Psychology,J5,427-459.
     7.Heider,F.(1958) . The psychology of interpersonal relations.New York:Wiley.
     8.Kelley,H .H.(1973). The processes of causal attribution. American Psychologist,28(2),107-128.
     9.Kukla,A.(1972). Foundations of an attributionat theory of performance . Psychological Review 79(6),454-470.
     10.Meyer,W-U. ,Bachmann,M. ,Biermann,U. ,Hernpelmann,M., Plbger,F-O. ,& Spiller,H.(1979). The informational value of evaluative behavior: Influences of praise and blame on perceptions of ability.Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(2),259-268.
     11.Nicholls,j.G.(1978). The development of the concepts of effort and ability,perception of academic attainment,and the understanding that difficult tasks require more ability. Child Derelopment,19, 800-814.
     12.Schunk,D.H . (1983). Ability versus effort attributional feedback:Differential effects on self-efficacy and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 75(6),848-856.
     13.Sears,D.O.,Freedman,J.L., & Peplau,L.A.(1985).Social psychology (5th ed.).Engiewood Cliff,NJ.
     14.Storms,M.D. ,& Nisbett,R.E.(1970). Insomnia and the attribution process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,16(2),319-328.
     15.Walster,E.(1966). Assignment of responsibility for an accident. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,3(1),73-79.
     16.Weiner,B.(1972). Attribution theory, achievement motivation, and the educational process. Review of Educational Research,f2(2), 203-215.
     17.Weiner,B.(1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of Educational Psychology,11(l),3-25.
     18.Weiner,B.& Kukla,A.(1970) . An attributional analysis of achievement motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,15(l),1-20.
     19.Weiner,B. ,Frieze,I.,Kukla,A. ,Reed,L. ,Rest,S.,& Rosenbaum,R.M.(1971). Perceiving the causes of success and failure. In E.E. Jones, D.E. Kanouse, H.H. Kelley, R.E. Nisbett, S. Val ins, & B. Weiner (Eds.) Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behavior. Morristown,NJ:General Learning Press.
     20.Whitley,B.E.Jr.,& Frieze,I.H.(1983). Expectancy confirmation and egotism as determinants of causal attributions:Two meta-analysis.Manuscript submitted for publication.
     21.Whitley,B.E.Jr.,& Frieze,I.H.(1985). Children`s causal attributions for success and failure in achievement setting: A meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(5),608-616.		zh_TW