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題名 台灣地區選民投票參與之理性行為分析
作者 林一民
貢獻者 謝復生
林一民
日期 1990
1989
上傳時間 3-May-2016 14:20:36 (UTC+8)
摘要 論文提要
     政治參與的問題,一直是民主理論中各家爭議不休的焦點;無論在理論上或現實中,均有政治參與上「質」與「量」的兩難困境。因此,從參與者的角度來探析此一問題,應是合理的方式之一。何況投票參與是民主政治運作中最重要的一環,所以選民投票參與行為乃成為學者研究政治參與時所不可或缺要項。
     本文的研究目的即在於應用理性抉擇論( Rational Choice Theory ),以探討台灣地區選民投票參與行為。一方面著重於選民理性投票模型的理論分析,另一方面亦從事理論驗證工作;嘗試尋求具解釋力的變項,以建構一較能解釋台灣地區選民長期投票參與之理性行為模型。
     理性投票理論主要承接Downs-Tullock (1957 ,1968 )、Riker-Ordeshook (1968)和Ferejohn-Fiorina(1974) 等三個主要理論途徑而發展。其研究重點依分析層次可區分為:探討個人投票或不投票之理性計算模型與探討投票率之理性行為模型。至今理論建構已愈趨完整,同時亦獲得充分經驗事實的支持,對於選民投票行為具有很高的解釋力。
     應用此一分析傳統,我們著重於探討投票率之理性行為模型。研究發現:無論是在增額區域立委或縣市長選舉方面,均具有相當的解釋力;同時隨著國內政治、社會、經濟環境的發展與變遷,此一趨勢愈為明顯。其中尤以最近一次選舉(民國七十八年) ,大體均能驗證理性模型的假設。此一研究結果,相信對國內選民投票行為之研究必有相當的助益。
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     Riker, William H. and Peter C. Ordeshook
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
政治學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005314
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 謝復生zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林一民zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 林一民zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1990en_US
dc.date (日期) 1989en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-May-2016 14:20:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-May-2016 14:20:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-May-2016 14:20:36 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002005314en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/90257-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 政治學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 論文提要
     政治參與的問題,一直是民主理論中各家爭議不休的焦點;無論在理論上或現實中,均有政治參與上「質」與「量」的兩難困境。因此,從參與者的角度來探析此一問題,應是合理的方式之一。何況投票參與是民主政治運作中最重要的一環,所以選民投票參與行為乃成為學者研究政治參與時所不可或缺要項。
     本文的研究目的即在於應用理性抉擇論( Rational Choice Theory ),以探討台灣地區選民投票參與行為。一方面著重於選民理性投票模型的理論分析,另一方面亦從事理論驗證工作;嘗試尋求具解釋力的變項,以建構一較能解釋台灣地區選民長期投票參與之理性行為模型。
     理性投票理論主要承接Downs-Tullock (1957 ,1968 )、Riker-Ordeshook (1968)和Ferejohn-Fiorina(1974) 等三個主要理論途徑而發展。其研究重點依分析層次可區分為:探討個人投票或不投票之理性計算模型與探討投票率之理性行為模型。至今理論建構已愈趨完整,同時亦獲得充分經驗事實的支持,對於選民投票行為具有很高的解釋力。
     應用此一分析傳統,我們著重於探討投票率之理性行為模型。研究發現:無論是在增額區域立委或縣市長選舉方面,均具有相當的解釋力;同時隨著國內政治、社會、經濟環境的發展與變遷,此一趨勢愈為明顯。其中尤以最近一次選舉(民國七十八年) ,大體均能驗證理性模型的假設。此一研究結果,相信對國內選民投票行為之研究必有相當的助益。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
     第一章導論………………1
     第一節研究目的………………1
     第二節投票參與與理性抉擇論………………3
     第二章投票參與之理性行為模型………………15
     第一節投票或不投票之理性計算模型………………15
     第二節投票率之理性行為模型………………31
     第三章研究架構………………49
     第一節分析模型的建構………………50
     第二節假設的建立………………58
     第四章研究結果與分析………………71
     第一節資料分析結果………………71
     第二節假設的驗證………………89
     第三節較一般性模型的選擇………………95
     第五章結論………………99
     第一節主要研究發現………………99
     第二節檢討與建議………………101
     附錄一變項建構與資料來源………………103
     附錄二各年度變項之平均數、標準差及相關係數………………109
     參考書目………………119
     
     圖表目錄
     表1-1 台灣地區各類選擧歷年平均投票率………………6
     國1-1 全國性選擧投票率………………7
     表2-1………………23
     表2-2 期望效用極大化者之償付效用………………25
     表2-3 極大極小化後悔者之後悔效用………………29
     表2-4 美國學者建構選民理性投票參與迴歸模型中之自變項………………44
     表3-1 研究假設中各自變項與投票率預期關係方向………………69
     表4-1 六十四年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………73
     表4-1.1 六十四年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………74
     表4-2 六十九年區域立法委員選舉選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………75
     表4-2.1 六十九年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………76
     表4-3 七十二年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………77
     表4-3.1 七十二年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………78
     表4-4 七十五年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………79
     表4-4.1 七十五年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………80
     表4-5 七十八年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………81
     表4-5.1 七十八年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………82
     表4-6 六十一年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………83
     表4-6.1 六十一年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………84
     表4-7 七十年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………85
     表4 -7.1 七十年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………86
     表4-8 七十八年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………87
     表4-8.1 七十八年縣市長選擧選民投票參與之迴歸分析………………88
     表4-9 區域立法委員選擧模型迴歸係數(B)方向………………89
     表4-10 縣市長選擧模型迴歸係數(B) 方向……………… 90
     表4-11 64-78 年區域立法委員選擧選民投票參與之迴歸模型………………97
     表4-12 61. 70. 78 年縣市長選舉選民投票參與之迴歸模型………………98
zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005314en_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣地區選民投票參與之理性行為分析zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考書目
     壹、政府出版品
     一、行政院主計處
     中華民國六十二年統計提要
     中華民國六十四年統計提要
     中華民國六十九年統計提要
     中華民國七十年統計提要
     中華民國七十二年統計提要
     中華民國七十五年統計年鑑
     中華民國勞工統計月報(特載)--中華民國六十九年國內遷徙專案調查報告
     中華民國勞工統計月報(特載)--中華民國七十年國內遷徙專案調查報告
     中華民國勞工統計月報(特載)--中華民國七十二年國內遷徙調查報告
     中華民國勞工統計月報(特載)--中華民國七十五年國內遷徙調查報告
     二、內政部
     中華民國臺灣人口統計 民國六十一年
     中華民國臺閩地區人口統計 民國六十四年
     中華民國臺閩地區人口統計 民國六十九年
     中華民國臺閩地區人口統計 民國七十年
     中華民國臺閩地區人口統計 民國七十二年
     中華民國臺閩地區人口統計 民國七十五年
     三、台灣省政府主計處
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國六十一年
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國六十四年
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國六十九年
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國七十年
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國七十二年
     中華民國台灣省家庭收支調查報告 民國七十五年
     四、台北市政府主計處
     中華民國台北市家庭收支與個人所得分配調查報告 民國六十四年
     中華民國台北市家庭收支與個人所得分配調查報告 民國六十九年
     中華民國台北市家庭收支與所得分配調查報告 民國七十二年
     中華民國台北市家庭收支與所得分配調查報告 民國七十五年
     五、高雄市政府主計處
     中華民國高雄市家庭收支調查報告 民國六十九年
     中華民國高雄市家庭收支調查報告 民國七十二年
     中華民國高雄市家庭收支調查報告 民國七十五年
     六、中央選擧委員會(選擧總事務所)
     民國六十四年動員堪亂時期自由地區增額立法委員選擧選擧實錄
     民國六十九年動員堪亂時期自由地區增加中央民意代表名額選擧選擧實錄
     民國七十二年動員堪亂時期自由地區增額立法委員選擧選擧實錄
     民國七十五年動員堪亂時期自由地區增加中央民意代表名額選擧選擧實錄
     民國七十八年動員堪亂時期自由地區增額立法委員選擧選擧實錄
     中華民國選擧統計提要(35年--76年)
     七、台灣省選擧委員會(台灣省選擧事務所)
     增額中央民意代表選擧暨第五屆省議員第七屆縣市長選擧台灣省選擧總報告
     台灣省第七屆省議員第十屆縣市議員第九屆縣市長第九屆鄉鎮縣轄市長選擧選務實錄
     動員堪亂時期自由地區增額中央民意代表六十四年台灣省選務實錄
     動員堪亂時期自由地區增額中央民意代表六十九年台灣省選務實錄
     動員堪亂時期自由地區增額中央民意代表七十二年台灣省選務實錄
     動員堪亂時期自由地區增額中央民意代表七十五年台灣省選務實錄
     七十八、七十九年公職人員選擧台灣省選務實錄
     八、台北市選擧委員會
     台北市議會第六屆議員選擧實錄
     九、高雄市選擧委員會
     七十八年增額立法委員高雄市議會第三屆議員選擧實錄
     
     貳、中文參考書目
     朱雲漢
     民六八年 台灣地區政治參與模式之研究,台大政治學研究所碩士論文。
     邱榕光
     民五四年 台北各報市長競選新聞之分析,政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     吳戈卿
     民七一年 我國傳播媒介政治傳播功能的研究:以69年增額中央民意代表為例,文化大學政治研究所碩士論文。
     吳統雄
     民七五年 「薪火與生食----讀陳義彥『我國投票行為研究的回顧與展望』,民意月刊,13期,頁3-21。
     胡佛、陳德禹、陳明通、游盈隆
     民七六年 選民的投票行為,中央選擧委員會印行。
     徐惠玲
     民七十年 我國報紙議題設定功能之研究,政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     徐麗君、蔡文輝
     民七四年 老年社會學----理論與實務,台北:巨流圖書公司。
     袁頌西、李錫錕、郭秋永
     民七三年 台灣地區政治參與的研究,中央研究院三民主義研究所專題選刊(61)。
     盛杏湲
     民七十五年 國民黨與黨外中央後援會選擧競爭之研究:民國七十二年台灣地區增額區域立法委員選擧之分析與探討,台北:桂冠圖書公司。
     張茂桂、陳俊傑
     民七五年 現代化、地方派系與地方選擧投票率之關係----自由派理論的再探討,中國政治學會學術研討會宣讀論文。
     陳義彥
     民七五年 「我國選擧行為研究的回顧與展望」,思與言,第23卷第6期,頁1-29
     陳德禹、呂亞力、洪永泰、袁頌西、胡佛
     民七八年 政治體系與選擧行為:民國七十五年增額立法委員選擧的分析,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告。
     莊錦農
     民六七年 我國台灣地區政治參與的研究,社會科學論叢,二十七期,頁89-107。
     彭芸
     民七五年 選民的選擧興趣與媒介行為,引自雷飛龍等,轉型期社會中的投票行為:台灣地區選民的科際整合研究I,國科會專題研究計€€劃,頁77-112。
     民七六年 選民的選擧興趣與媒介行為,引自雷飛龍等,轉型期社會中的投票行為:台灣地區選民的科際整合研究II,國科會專題研究計劃,頁83-111。
     雷飛龍、陳世敏、陳義彥
     民七四年 候選人的競選論題內容與策略之研究,政治大學選舉研究中心研究專刊第2集。
     雷飛龍、陳義彥
     民七八年 增額中央民意代表選擧之人文區位研究:十五年來的趨勢分析,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告。
     雷飛龍、陳義彥、丁庭宇
     民七四年 民國七十二年台灣地區增額立委選擧之人文區位研究,政大選擧研究中心研究專刊第1集。
     雷飛龍、陳義彥、丁庭宇、林邦傑、彭芸、黃維憲、劉義周
     民七五年 轉型期社會中的投票行為----台灣地區選民的科際整合研究I,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告。
     雷飛龍、陳義彥、林邦傑、洪永泰、彭芸、劉義周
     民七六年 轉型期社會中的投票行為----台灣地區選民的科際整合研究II,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告。
     蔡明哲
     民六六年 台灣省公職候選人得票率之研究:一組政治社會學指標的實證探討,東吳政治社會學報,第一期,頁147-175。
     劉義周
     民七四年 「鄉鎮區農會理事選擧候選人策略之理性分析」,民國七十四年台大政治系與中國政治學會合辦的政治學研討會宣讀論文。
     謝復生
     民七三年 「選擧制度與政黨多寡:從理性選擇論到科學法則的建立」,民國七十三年中國政治學會學術研討會宣讀論文。
     民七九年 民意、制衡與效率----論民主的價值,台北:敦煌書局
     
     
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