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題名 營利事業所得稅影響企業經理人會計政策之研究 作者 林秀鳳 貢獻者 簡松棋
林秀鳳日期 1989 上傳時間 4-May-2016 14:25:32 (UTC+8) 摘要 論文提要內容: 政府提高營利事業所得稅稅率將影響企業現金流量,並降低財務報表的稅後純益。因經理人財富可能與公司報導盈餘和現金流量有關,在追求個人財富極大前提下,經理人可能利用會計政策,以減輕稅率提高之衝擊。由於政府從事總體經濟分析時常以會計資訊編纂統計數據,假如公司會計政策因稅率提高而改變,可能使政府擬定租稅政策所依循的統計數據發生變化,而影響政策之擬定。本研究的目的即在於探討政府提高營利事業所得稅稅率是否會因為影響經理人目標,促使經理人改變會計政策,從而使租稅政策發生回饋效果。 本研究於理論方面,先闡述會計政策與經理人目標之關係,再利用數學模型分析稅率提高如何影響經理人會計政策;而於實證方面,本研究以郵寄問卷方式取得所需資料,佐以統計分析方法,檢定數學模型推演之結論及經理人會計資訊決策與其目標之關聯性。研究對象是上市公司及大規模企業之會計政策擬定者。 依數學模型結論得知,稅率提高對經理人會計政策之影響因酬勞計劃結構而有所差異。根據實證研究的結果發現:經理人傾向於使用原會計政策,而以改變申報營利事業所得稅之會計方法來減輕稅率提高的衝擊;經理人是否隨著稅率提高而改變會計政策與公司長期負債比例顯著相關,而與公司有無認股計劃及經理人擁有公司股權比率無關;上市公司經理人會因公司有無依稅後純益計算之紅利計劃,隨著稅率提高而改變會計政策,非上市公司則否。 參考文獻 參考書目一、中文書籍1.石齊平,郭照榮合著,當代計量經濟學,台北;三民書局,民國七十四年初版。2.財務會計準則委員會,財務會計準則公報第十五號,台北:中華民國會計研究發展基金會。3.楊國樞等編,社會及行為科學研究法,台北;東華書局,民國七十六年十版。4.鄭丁旺著,中級會計學上冊,台北:自行出版,民國七十六年三版。5.Barry Bracewell-Milnesand M. A. Wisselink(International Tax Avoidance:1979),鄭錦城譯,國際租稅之規避,台北:財政部財稅人員訓練所,民國七十三年元月。二、中文期刊及未出版著作1.杜榮瑞,「會計政策之經濟後果」,會計評論二二期,政治大學會計研究所學會編印,民國七十六年十二月出版。2.林金福,有效資本市場理論與會計情報之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。3.胡興平,損益操縱之動機與方法,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。4.許文欽,企業會計政策與管理決策之關係,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。5.陳雪儀,會計變動對市場股價之影響-長期投資會計變動之實証研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十六年。6.張裕銘,運用代理理論在審計契約行為上之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。7.莊傳成,個人暨營利事業租稅規劃之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十五年。8.雲天相,會計變動與會計損益平穩化之研究,東吳大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十四年。9.黃琇雯,利益團體參與會計政策制定過程之研究-美國之例,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十六年。10.劉坤堂,多國性公司課稅問題之研究,政治大學財政研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。11.顏信輝,會計資訊與本國銀行貸款決策關係之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。三、英文書籍1.Hendrisksen, Eldon S. Accounting Theory. 4th ed., Illinois: Richard D. Irwin Inc. Press, 1982.2.Jensen, Michael and Clifford W. Smith, Jr. The Modern Theory of Corporate Finance. North-Holland Publishing Company Press, 1984.3.Johnston, J. Econometric Methods. 3th ed., New York:McGraw-Hill, Inc. Press, 1984.4.Pindych, Robert S. and Daniel L. Rubinfeld. Econometric Model and Economic Forecasts. 2th ed., New York:McGraw-Hill, Inc. Press, 1981.四、英文期刊及其他1.Aharoni, Amram. "The Impact of Taxation on Accounting."Ph. D. dissertation, State University of New York, 1980.2.Brickley, James A., Sanjai Bhagat, and Ronald C. Lease. "The Impact of Long-Range Managerial Compensation Plans on Shareholder Wealth." Journal of Accounting and Economics (July 1985): 115-129.3.Chow, Chee W.. "The Demand for External Auditing:Size, Debt and Ownership Influences." The Accounting Review (April 1982): 272-291.4.Collins, Daniel W., Michael S. Rozeff and Dan S. Dhaliwal," A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Economic Determinants of Market Reaction to Proposed Mandatory Accounting Changes in the Oil and Gas Industry." Journal of Accounting and Economics (July 1981): 50.5.Conroy, Robert M. and John S. Hughes. "Delegated Information Gathering Decisions." The Accounting Review (January 1987): 50-66.6.Crumbley, D. Larry. "Behavioral Implication of Taxation." The Accounting Review (October 1973):759-763.7.Deck, Alan Bruce. "An Explanatory Investigation of the Factors Affecting a Firm`s Selection of Accounting Policies." Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Alabama, 1984.8.Demski, Joel S., James M. Patell, and Mark A Wolfson. "Decentralized Choice of Monitoring Systems." The Accounting Review (January 1984): 16-34.9.Dhaliwal, Dan S.. "The Effect of the Firm`s Capital Structure on the Choice of Accounting Methods." The Accounting Review (January 1980): 78-84.10.Dye, Ronald A.. "Communication and Post-Decision Information." Journal of Accounting Research (Autumn 1983): 514-533.11.Fama, Eugene F.. :Agency Problems and the Theory of the Firm." Journal of Political Economy (April 1980): 288-307.12.Francis, Jere R. and Earl R. Wilson. "Auditor Change:A Joint Test of Theories Relating to Agency Cost and Auditor Differentiation." The Accounting Review (October 1988): 663-682.13. Gjesdel, Feoystein. "Accounting for Stewardship."Journal of Accounting Research (Spring 1981):208-231.14.Gonedes, Nicholas J. and Nicholas Dopuch. "Economic Analyses and Accounting Techniques: Perspective and Proposals." Journal of Accounting Research (Autumn1979): 384-410.15.Healy, Paul M.. "The Effect of Bonus Schemes on Accounting Decisions." Journal of Accounting and Economics (July 1985): 85-107.16.Holthausen, Robert W. and Richard W. Leftwich. "The Economic Consequences of Accounting Choices:Implication of Costly Contracting and Monitoring."Journal of Accounting and Economics (May 1983):77-117.17.Holthausen, Robert W.. "Evidence on the Effect of Bond Covenants and Management Compensation Contracts on the Choice of Accounting Techniques: The Case of the Depreciation Switch-Back." Journal of Accounting and Economics (March 1981): 73-109.18.Jensen, Michael C. and William H. Meckling. "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Cost and Ownership Structure." Journal of Financial Economics(March 1976): 305-360.19. ──── and Jerold L. Zimmerman. "Management Compensation and the Managerial Labor Market." Journal of Accounting and Economics (July 1985): 3-9.20.Leftwich, Richard. "Evidence of the Impact of Mandatory Changes in Accounting Principles on Corporate Loan Agreements." Journal of Accounting and Economics (March 1981): 3-36.21. ────. "Accounting Information in Private Markets:Evidence from Private Lending Agreements."The Accounting Review (January 1983): 23-42.22.Magee, Robert P. "Accounting Measurement and Employment Contracts: Current Value Reporting." The Bell Journal of Economics (April 1978): 145-158.23.Moses, Orrin Douglas. "Accounting Change Behavior:The Relationship Between Earnings Adjustment and Firm-Specific Explanatory Factors; An Empirical Analysis." Ph. D. dissertation, University of California,Los Angelas, 1983.24. ────. "Income Smoothing and Incentives: Empirical Test Using Accounting Changes." The Accounting Review (April 1987): 358-377.25.Ng, David S.. "An Information Economics Analysis of Financial Reporting and External Auditing." The Accounting Review (October 1978):910-920.26.Ronen, J. and A. Aharoni. "The Choice Among Accounting Alternative and Management Compensation:Effect of Corporate Tax." The Accounting ReviewJanuary 1989): 69-86.27.Swith, E. Daniel. "The Effect of the Separation of Ownership from Control on Accounting Policy Decision." The Accounting Review (October 1976): 707-723.28.Trostel, Albert O. and Mary Lippitt Nichols. "Privately-Held and Publicly-Held Companies: A Comparison of Strategic Choices and Management Process." Academy of Management Journal (March 1982): 47-62.29.Verrecchia, Robert E. "Managerial Discretion in the Choice Among Financial Reporting Alternatives."Journal of Accounting and Economics (August 1986):175-195.30.Watts, Ross L. and Jerold L. Zimmerman. "Towards a Positive Theory of the Determination of Accounting Standards." The Accounting Review (January 1978):112-134.31.Zimmerman, Jerold L.. "Taxes and Firm Size." Journal of Accounting and Economics (May 1983): 119-149.32.Zmijewski, Mark E. and Robert L. Hagerman. "An Income Strategy Approach to the Positive Theory of Accounting Standard Setting/Choice." Journal of Accounting and Economics (August 1981): 129-149. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005682 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 簡松棋 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林秀鳳 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 林秀鳳 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 1989 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-May-2016 14:25:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-May-2016 14:25:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-May-2016 14:25:32 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002005682 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/90519 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 財政學系 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 論文提要內容: 政府提高營利事業所得稅稅率將影響企業現金流量,並降低財務報表的稅後純益。因經理人財富可能與公司報導盈餘和現金流量有關,在追求個人財富極大前提下,經理人可能利用會計政策,以減輕稅率提高之衝擊。由於政府從事總體經濟分析時常以會計資訊編纂統計數據,假如公司會計政策因稅率提高而改變,可能使政府擬定租稅政策所依循的統計數據發生變化,而影響政策之擬定。本研究的目的即在於探討政府提高營利事業所得稅稅率是否會因為影響經理人目標,促使經理人改變會計政策,從而使租稅政策發生回饋效果。 本研究於理論方面,先闡述會計政策與經理人目標之關係,再利用數學模型分析稅率提高如何影響經理人會計政策;而於實證方面,本研究以郵寄問卷方式取得所需資料,佐以統計分析方法,檢定數學模型推演之結論及經理人會計資訊決策與其目標之關聯性。研究對象是上市公司及大規模企業之會計政策擬定者。 依數學模型結論得知,稅率提高對經理人會計政策之影響因酬勞計劃結構而有所差異。根據實證研究的結果發現:經理人傾向於使用原會計政策,而以改變申報營利事業所得稅之會計方法來減輕稅率提高的衝擊;經理人是否隨著稅率提高而改變會計政策與公司長期負債比例顯著相關,而與公司有無認股計劃及經理人擁有公司股權比率無關;上市公司經理人會因公司有無依稅後純益計算之紅利計劃,隨著稅率提高而改變會計政策,非上市公司則否。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄感言───壹論文提要──參目錄───伍圖表目次───柒第一章 緒論───1第一節 研究動機與目的………1第二節 研究假設………3第三節 研究範圍與限制………4第四節 名詞界定………5第五節 本文架構………6本章附註………8第二章 會計政策與經理人目標───9第一節 會計數字與經理人財富………10第二節 經理人對會計政策之裁量………18第三節 會計政策與市場股價………30第四節 會計政策選擇與代理問題之發生………34本章附註………41第三章 提高營利事業所得稅稅率對經理人會計政策之影響───47第一節 稅率提高影響經理人目標及決策之概述………47第二節 最適會計選擇及稅率提高影響經理人會計決策之分析………52本章附註………72第四章 提高營利事業所得稅稅率影響我國企業經理人會計政策之實證分析───77第一節 樣本之選擇及回函整理………77第二節 分析方法………80第三節 實證結果分析………90本章附註………120第五章 結論與建議───123第一節 結論………123第二節 建議………124參考書目───127附錄問卷───135圖表目次圖:一 會計資訊之循環回饋效果………11二 會計數字與經理人財富之關係………16三 改變會計數字之決策與經理人財富之關係………17四 紅利計劃與經理人決策規則………21五 模型一與模型三一致情況之比較………71表:2-1影響會計政策之經濟因素實證研究摘要表………283-1數學模型之事件發生時序表………554-1-1問卷寄發及回函統計………794-1-2會計政策擬訂者回函分析………794-1-3樣本營業額分配表………804-2-1會計政策所得效果分析表………834-2-2依變數──所得策略量化表………854-3-1數學模型結論摘要表………914-3-2依變數數值分析表──有員工認股和紅利計劃………924-3-3 N-Chotomous Probit分析表──有員工認股和紅利計劃………944-3-4依變數數值分析表──僅有紅利計劃………944-3-5 N-Chotomous Probit分析表──僅有紅利計劃………954-3-6 N-Chotomous Probit分析表──僅有紅利計劃(未含存貨會計事項) ………954-3-7 Ronen與Aharoni實證結果摘要表………964-3-8依變數數值分析表──僅有認股計劃………974-3-9 N-Chotomous Probit分析表──僅有認股計劃………984-3-10國內上市公司及大規模企業會計政策使用情形………994-4-1經理人對稅率提高之反應………1014-4-2可用樣本統計表………1014-4-3稅率提高對經理人會計資訊決策之影響(樣本數173)………1024-5-1公司有否紅利計劃與經理人會計資訊決策之列聯表………1034-5-2長期負債比例影響經理人會計資訊決策t檢定分析表………1044-5-3經理人股權比率影響其會計資訊決策t檢定分析表………1054-6-1紅利和負債比例影響經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1064-6-2紅利和負債比例影響上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1064-6-3紅利和負債比例影響非上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1074-7-1稅率提高對經理人會計資訊決策之影響(樣本數122) ………1094-7-2紅利、負債比例和股權比率影響經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1104-7-3紅利、負債比例和股權比率影響上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1104-7-4紅利、負債比例、股權比率影響非上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1114-8-1解釋變數配對之簡單相關係數矩陣(樣本數:173) ………1114-8-2解釋變數配對之簡單相關係數矩陣(樣本數:122) ………1134-8-3酬勞計劃、負債比例和股權比率影響經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1134-8-4酬勞計劃和負債比例影響經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1154-8-5酬勞計劃和負債比例影響上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1154-8-6酬勞計劃和負債比例影響非上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1164-8-7紅利、認股計劃和負債比例影響經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1164-8-8紅利、認股計劃和負債比例影響上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1174-8-9紅利、認股計劃和負債比例影響非上市公司經理人會計資訊決策Logit分析表………1174-9-1酬勞性認股計劃影響經理人稅務會計方法Logit分析表………1194-9-2認股計劃影響經理人稅務會計方法Logit分析表………119 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005682 en_US dc.title (題名) 營利事業所得稅影響企業經理人會計政策之研究 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考書目一、中文書籍1.石齊平,郭照榮合著,當代計量經濟學,台北;三民書局,民國七十四年初版。2.財務會計準則委員會,財務會計準則公報第十五號,台北:中華民國會計研究發展基金會。3.楊國樞等編,社會及行為科學研究法,台北;東華書局,民國七十六年十版。4.鄭丁旺著,中級會計學上冊,台北:自行出版,民國七十六年三版。5.Barry Bracewell-Milnesand M. A. Wisselink(International Tax Avoidance:1979),鄭錦城譯,國際租稅之規避,台北:財政部財稅人員訓練所,民國七十三年元月。二、中文期刊及未出版著作1.杜榮瑞,「會計政策之經濟後果」,會計評論二二期,政治大學會計研究所學會編印,民國七十六年十二月出版。2.林金福,有效資本市場理論與會計情報之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。3.胡興平,損益操縱之動機與方法,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。4.許文欽,企業會計政策與管理決策之關係,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。5.陳雪儀,會計變動對市場股價之影響-長期投資會計變動之實証研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十六年。6.張裕銘,運用代理理論在審計契約行為上之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。7.莊傳成,個人暨營利事業租稅規劃之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十五年。8.雲天相,會計變動與會計損益平穩化之研究,東吳大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十四年。9.黃琇雯,利益團體參與會計政策制定過程之研究-美國之例,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十六年。10.劉坤堂,多國性公司課稅問題之研究,政治大學財政研究所碩士論文,民國六十八年。11.顏信輝,會計資訊與本國銀行貸款決策關係之研究,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文,民國七十七年。三、英文書籍1.Hendrisksen, Eldon S. Accounting Theory. 4th ed., Illinois: Richard D. Irwin Inc. Press, 1982.2.Jensen, Michael and Clifford W. Smith, Jr. The Modern Theory of Corporate Finance. North-Holland Publishing Company Press, 1984.3.Johnston, J. Econometric Methods. 3th ed., New York:McGraw-Hill, Inc. Press, 1984.4.Pindych, Robert S. and Daniel L. Rubinfeld. 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