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題名 論Rawls的公共理性之理念：以Rawls與Habermas之對比所展開的三種詮釋探討該理念在Rawls理論中的位置 作者 陳俊宇 貢獻者 孫善豪
陳俊宇關鍵詞 公共理性
審議式民主
Rawls
Habermas日期 2006 上傳時間 6-May-2016 16:44:55 (UTC+8) 摘要 本論文之首要目標在於針對Rawls後期思想體系的核心，亦即「公共理性之理念」的意涵與理論地位，以及他將「整全性的學說」排除於公共論理之外此一作法，透過提出三種詮釋觀點予以逐步釐清，並嘗試為Rawls加以辯護。第一章藉由說明Rawls以六個基本理念建構而成的基本理念體系，在其整體正義理論中將「公共理性之理念」予以初步定位。為了要進一步理解此一理念之主要特徵，以及它在當代政治哲學的中所扮演的角色與可能引發的相關爭議，在第二章中對於Habermas與審議式民主理論略作介紹，以作為理解Rawls的適當脈絡。第二章首先介紹Habermas對於「人權」與「人民主權」之緊張關係的分析，並將他用以解決此一爭議的理論設計，亦視為一種廣義的「公共理性之理念」來略加說明。至於第二章的末兩節，則以審議式民主理論內部的「實質性」與「程序性」之爭議為焦點，並指出「審議的無窮回歸」此一審議式民主理論無法解決的難題，以作為理解Rawls的「公共理性之理念」的線索。餘下的三至五章，依序提出了三種不同的詮釋觀點。第一種詮釋觀點將「公共理性之理念」理解為一種以審議式民主為理想藍圖的民主改革方案；第二種詮釋觀點則將該理念視為Rawls針對「自由憲政民主之理念」所提出的辯護方案：至於在第三種詮釋觀點中，「公共理性之理念」成為針對在TJ中仍有疏漏之證成策略的一種修正方案。 參考文獻 （一）縮寫表Habermas原典 BFN Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Trans. By William Rehg. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. IO The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory. Ed. by Ciaran Cronin and Pablo De Greiff, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Rawls原典 CP Collected Papers. Ed. 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國立政治大學
政治學系
91252017資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912520171 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 孫善豪 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳俊宇 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 陳俊宇 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2006 en_US dc.date.accessioned 6-May-2016 16:44:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 6-May-2016 16:44:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 6-May-2016 16:44:55 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0912520171 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/94505 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 政治學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 91252017 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文之首要目標在於針對Rawls後期思想體系的核心，亦即「公共理性之理念」的意涵與理論地位，以及他將「整全性的學說」排除於公共論理之外此一作法，透過提出三種詮釋觀點予以逐步釐清，並嘗試為Rawls加以辯護。第一章藉由說明Rawls以六個基本理念建構而成的基本理念體系，在其整體正義理論中將「公共理性之理念」予以初步定位。為了要進一步理解此一理念之主要特徵，以及它在當代政治哲學的中所扮演的角色與可能引發的相關爭議，在第二章中對於Habermas與審議式民主理論略作介紹，以作為理解Rawls的適當脈絡。第二章首先介紹Habermas對於「人權」與「人民主權」之緊張關係的分析，並將他用以解決此一爭議的理論設計，亦視為一種廣義的「公共理性之理念」來略加說明。至於第二章的末兩節，則以審議式民主理論內部的「實質性」與「程序性」之爭議為焦點，並指出「審議的無窮回歸」此一審議式民主理論無法解決的難題，以作為理解Rawls的「公共理性之理念」的線索。餘下的三至五章，依序提出了三種不同的詮釋觀點。第一種詮釋觀點將「公共理性之理念」理解為一種以審議式民主為理想藍圖的民主改革方案；第二種詮釋觀點則將該理念視為Rawls針對「自由憲政民主之理念」所提出的辯護方案：至於在第三種詮釋觀點中，「公共理性之理念」成為針對在TJ中仍有疏漏之證成策略的一種修正方案。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 導論…………………………………………………………………………… - 1 -一、Rawls的基本理念體系………………………………………………… - 9 -1.1 良序社會：一個可實現的民主烏托邦 ………………………………… - 9 -1.1.1 Rawls的根本理念體系………………………………………………… - 9 -1.1.2 前三個根本理念構成Rawls的民主烏托邦之基本藍圖……………… - 10 -1.2 社會基本結構、原初情境與政治性的正義觀…………………………… - 15 -1.2.1 「社會基本結構之理念」與「原初情境之理念」…………………… - 15 -1.2.2 政治性的正義觀 …………………………………………………………- 17 -1.2.3 公共證成與公共理性之關係…………………………………………… - 22 -二、Habermas與審議式民主………………………………………………… - 35 -2.1 Habermas的調和工作 ……………………………………………………- 35 -2.1.1 自然法與實證法：規範上的有效性與事實上的強制性……………… - 35 -2.1.2 兩種民主模式：人權優先或人民主權優先…………………………… - 38 -2.2 Habermas的公共理性之理念……………………………………………… - 43 -2.2.1 Habermas的溝通理性…………………………………………………… - 43 -2.2.2 Habermas的審議式政治………………………………………………… - 45 -2.2.3 Habermas的公共理性之理念…………………………………………… - 49 -2.3 審議式民主………………………………………………………………… - 54 -2.3.1 審議式民主的源起與主要意涵………………………………………… - 54 -2.3.2 審議式民主理論的主要難題：如何解決道德衝突…………………… - 59 -2.4 Amy Gutmann與Dennis Thompson的審議式民主理論………………… - 62 -2.4.1 Gutmann與Thompson的基本立場與作法 ………………………………- 62 -2.4.2 審議式民主理論的侷限性：審議的無窮回歸………………………… - 64 -三、將「公共理性之理念」詮釋為一種審議式民主的改革方案……………- 71 -3.1 將Rawls的公共理性之理念視為一種審議式民主理論的原因……………- 71 -3.1.1 將「公共證成」視為一種「規範性審議」…………………………… - 71 -3.1.2 在審議式民主中調和實質原則與民主權威的種種作法……………… - 73 -3.2 Rawls排除「整全性的學說」之作法與審議式民主之關連性……………- 76 -3.2.1 Rawls的公共理性之限制（區分公共理性與非公共理性）……………- 76 -3.2.2 「原初情境」是為「正義兩原則」量身訂作的證成方案…………… - 79 -3.2.3 「公共政治文化」作為最後的固定點………………………………… - 86 -3.3 Rawls式的審議式民主…………………………………………………… - 90 -3.3.1 Hegel式的轉向…………………………………………………………… - 90 -3.3.2 Rawls式實質性審議式民主的特色…………………………………… - 91 -3.3.3 對於排除「整全性的學說」之作法的批評…………………………… - 93 -四、將「公共理性之理念」詮釋為對自由憲政民主的一種辯護方案………- 99 -4.1 「公共理性之理念」並非審議式民主理論 ………………………………- 99 -4.1.1 在「適用人員」上的規定…………………………………………………- 99 -4.1.2 公共理性是個人理性反思而非實際審議……………………………….- 104 -4.2 公共理性是一種反向回溯的個人理性反思………………………………- 107 -4.2.1 「四階段論」不是一種實際的民主政治過程，亦不是一種制憲工程 - 107 -4.2.2 反向回溯的四階段論 ……………………………………………………- 110 -4.3 對於自由憲政民主之信念的重新理解……………………………………- 114 -4.3.1 在自由憲政民主之信念的內部找到一種融貫一致的觀念………………- 114 -4.3.2「公共政治文化」與「合理的整全性的學說」之關係…………………- 121 -4.3.3 「合理的整全性的學說」就是能夠支持「政治性的價值」的學說……- 127 -4.4 合理的民主政治：介於「合法的」與「理性的」之間…………………- 130 -五、將「公共理性之理念」詮釋為對「正義兩原則」之證成策略的修正方案 ………………………………………………………………………………- 139 -5.1 提出第三種詮釋的必要性…………………………………………………- 139 -5.1.1 本章架構…………………………………………………………………- 139 -5.1.2前兩種詮釋的缺陷………………………………………………………..- 141 -5.2 TJ的證成策略………………………………………………………………- 147 -5.2.1 TJ的證成策略無法在內部維持融貫一致…………………………………- 147 -5.2.2 無法迴避認識論論證責任是失敗的根本原因 …………………………- 151 -5.3 「判斷的負擔」與「交疊性的共識」………………………………………- 158 -5.3.1 「有效性宣稱」與「理性共識」…………………………………………- 158 -5.3.2 「交疊性的共識」是證成特殊正義原則的最低共識要求………………- 163 -5.4 小結 …………………………………………………………………………- 171 -5.4.1 對宗教的寬容………………………………………………………………- 171 -5.4.2 可實現的民主烏托邦 ……………………………………………………- 172 -結論 ………………………………………………………………………………- 177 -參考資料 …………………………………………………………………………- 183 - zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912520171 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公共理性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 審議式民主 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Rawls en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Habermas en_US dc.title (題名) 論Rawls的公共理性之理念：以Rawls與Habermas之對比所展開的三種詮釋探討該理念在Rawls理論中的位置 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) （一）縮寫表Habermas原典 BFN Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. 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