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題名 當模糊遇上精確：刑法的語言使用分析
When vagueness meets precision: an analysis of the language used in the criminal law
作者 胡碧嬋
Hu, Pi Chan
貢獻者 張郇慧<br>段重民
Chang, Hsun Huei<br>Tuan, Chung Min
胡碧嬋
Hu, Pi Chan
關鍵詞 模糊
精確
法律語言學
刑法
釋義
歸類
vagueness
precision
forensic linguistics
Criminal Law
interpretation
categorization
日期 2009
上傳時間 9-May-2016 11:21:41 (UTC+8)
摘要 模糊是語言的主要特色之一，這與法律語言的終極目標—精確恰恰相反。在追求精確的過程中，在法律制度裡的某字或某術語該做何解釋，往往有許多爭議。法官如何在模糊與精確當中取得平衡?又如何確保每項法律公正地適用於每個人與每起個案?本文試圖探討這兩個極端—模糊與精確—如何交織與競合，從法律語言學的觀點對爭議個案提供解釋，並進一步解決法律制度中各種語言詮釋的問題，其中以刑法的語言為主要研究標的。為了闡釋文字的意義，本文嘗試以框架語意學、檢查表理論和原型理論來架構出法律語言的框架。本文之另一項目的是要觀察刑法法條中的語言現象，是否能反映出刑法的精神與特質。
Vagueness is one of the major characteristics of language, which happens to be contradictory to the ultimate goal of legal language—precision. In the process of pursuing precision, there are a variety of disputes over what interpretations words or terms in the legal system should be made. How do judges strike the balance between vagueness (uncertainty) and precision (certainty) and affirm that every rule be justly applied to every individual and every case? This research attempts to explore how these two extremes interweave and compete and to provide explanations for some controversial cases and offer a perspective from forensic linguistics to solve the problems among the various interpretations of the language used in the legal system, in this case, the Criminal Law. To elucidate the meaning of words, this study tries to construct the frame of legal language with linguistic approaches such as frame semantics, checklist theory, and prototype theory. Another objective of the research is to see whether the linguistic phenomena observed in the system can reflect and convey the spirits and essences behind the Criminal Law.
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
語言學研究所
93555502
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093555502
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張郇慧<br>段重民zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chang, Hsun Huei<br>Tuan, Chung Minen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 胡碧嬋zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hu, Pi Chanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 胡碧嬋zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hu, Pi Chanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-May-2016 11:21:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-May-2016 11:21:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-May-2016 11:21:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093555502en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/94621-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 語言學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93555502zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 模糊是語言的主要特色之一，這與法律語言的終極目標—精確恰恰相反。在追求精確的過程中，在法律制度裡的某字或某術語該做何解釋，往往有許多爭議。法官如何在模糊與精確當中取得平衡?又如何確保每項法律公正地適用於每個人與每起個案?本文試圖探討這兩個極端—模糊與精確—如何交織與競合，從法律語言學的觀點對爭議個案提供解釋，並進一步解決法律制度中各種語言詮釋的問題，其中以刑法的語言為主要研究標的。為了闡釋文字的意義，本文嘗試以框架語意學、檢查表理論和原型理論來架構出法律語言的框架。本文之另一項目的是要觀察刑法法條中的語言現象，是否能反映出刑法的精神與特質。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Vagueness is one of the major characteristics of language, which happens to be contradictory to the ultimate goal of legal language—precision. In the process of pursuing precision, there are a variety of disputes over what interpretations words or terms in the legal system should be made. How do judges strike the balance between vagueness (uncertainty) and precision (certainty) and affirm that every rule be justly applied to every individual and every case? This research attempts to explore how these two extremes interweave and compete and to provide explanations for some controversial cases and offer a perspective from forensic linguistics to solve the problems among the various interpretations of the language used in the legal system, in this case, the Criminal Law. To elucidate the meaning of words, this study tries to construct the frame of legal language with linguistic approaches such as frame semantics, checklist theory, and prototype theory. Another objective of the research is to see whether the linguistic phenomena observed in the system can reflect and convey the spirits and essences behind the Criminal Law.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 1. Introduction 1
      1.1 Motivation for the research 1
      1.2 Purpose of the research 3
      1.3 Methodology 4
      1.4 Organization of the research 7
     
     2. Language and the law 9
      2.1 Literature review 9
      2.1.1 Shuy 11
      2.1.2 Coulthard 12
      2.1.3 Gibbons 13
      2.1.4 Solan & Tiersma 14
      2.1.5 Endicott 16
      2.1.6 Tsai & Huang 17
      2.1.7 Other researchers 18
      2.2 The relationship between language and the law 19
      2.3 Characteristics of legal language 20
      2.3.1 The normative nature of legal language 20
      2.3.2 The performative nature of legal language 21
      2.3.3 The technical nature of legal language 22
      2.3.4 Legal style 24
      2.3.4.1 Passive voice 25
      2.3.4.2 Negation 27
      2.3.4.3 Tautology 30
      2.3.4.4 Archaism 33
      2.4 Summary 35
     
     3. Background information of the Criminal Law 37
      3.1 The history of the Criminal Code 38
      3.2 The principles of the Criminal Law 39
      3.3 The functions of the Criminal Law 42
      3.4 The essence of the Criminal Law 45
      3.5 The interpretation theories of the Criminal Law 46
      3.6 Summary 49
     
     4. The semantics of the Criminal Law 51
      4.1 Vagueness 52
      4.1.1 Definition of vagueness 52
      4.1.2 Soritex paradox 54
      4.1.3 Vagueness in application 57
      4.2 Precision 71
      4.2.1 Definition of precision 71
      4.2.2 Precision in application 76
      4.3 Definition 79
      4.3.1 Words and terms 79
      4.3.2 Problems of legal definitions 91
      4.4 Interpretation 94
      4.4.1 Restricted interpretation 95
      4.4.2 Expanded interpretation 99
      4.4.3 Analogical application vs. Expanded interpretation
      104
      4.5 Frame of legal language 120
      4.5.1 Frame semantics 122
      4.5.2 Checklist theory 129
      4.5.3 Prototype theory 131
      4.5.4 Cases 134
      4.5.5 Discussion of cases 138
      4.5.6 The construction of legal frame 146
      4.5.7 A better definition 159
      4.5.8 The overlapping categories 166
      4.6 Summary 170
     
     5. Some aspects of the syntax in the Criminal Law 175
      5.1 Introduction 176
      5.2 Topicalization 183
      5.3 Serial verb construction 192
      5.3.1 The SER system 196
      5.3.2 The order of criminal acts 205
      5.3.3 The timing point 207
     5.4 Summary 210
     
     6. Conclusion 213
      6.1 Findings 213
      6.2 Future research 215
     
     Reference 218
     
     Appendix A The Criminal Code of the Republic of China 227
     Appendix B The questionnaire of the survey regarding
      public insult 273
     Appendix C The questionnaire of the survey regarding obscene 274
     Appendix D The taxonomy of the specific rules of the
      Criminal Code 275		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093555502en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 模糊zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 精確zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 法律語言學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 刑法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 釋義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歸類zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) vaguenessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) precisionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) forensic linguisticsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Criminal Lawen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) interpretationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) categorizationen_US
dc.title (題名) 當模糊遇上精確：刑法的語言使用分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) When vagueness meets precision: an analysis of the language used in the criminal lawen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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     中文部分:
     甘添貴，謝庭晃(合著)，2006，捷徑刑法總論，臺北市，瑞興圖書。
     林東茂，2003，猥褻的概念，台灣本土法學，第42期第77-82頁。
     林東茂，2008，刑法總覽，臺北市，一品文化出版社。
     林興光，1990，漢語句型，北京，中國國際出版社。
     杜金榜，2001，從法律的模糊性到司法的確定性，現代外語，第2001年 03第305-310頁。
     高榮志，2008，猥褻、違法的猥褻、法律明確性與男童志色情的大不同—由三則關於猥褻物品的判決談起，全國律師，第12(5)期第13-22頁。
     張麗卿，2002，關於猥褻的意見，台灣本土法學，第42期第129-131頁。
     張麗卿，2007，刑法總則理論與運用，臺北市，張麗卿發行。
     許玉秀，2002，强吻非強制猥褻?，月旦法學，第90期第305-313頁。
     陳子平，2002，從強吻案談強制猥褻，台灣本土法學，第42期第83-93頁。
     黃仲夫，2008，刑法精義，臺北市，月旦出版社。
     黃名秀，2007，我國法律語言語意研究，中正大學碩士論文。
     黃榮堅，1995，刑法的若干文字之探討，東亞法律漢語整合研討會論文。
     黃榮堅，1995，刑法問題與利益思考，臺北市，元照出版社。
     黃榮堅，1999，刑罰的極限，臺北市，元照出版社。
     蔡尚憶，2006，我國立法語言之研究，清華大學語言學研究所博士論文。
     鄭逸哲，2003，從強吻案談猥褻、可罰的猥褻和如何處罰可罰的猥褻，月旦法學，第95期第183-193頁。
     盧映潔，2002，由強吻案談起，台灣本土法學，第42期第94-100頁。
     盧映潔，2002，強吻案之評析，月旦法學，第90期第236-240頁。
     鐘文音，2002，永遠的橄欖樹，臺北市，大田出版社。		zh_TW