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題名 在台德商及其台灣同事之跨文化衝突及對應策略
Intercultural misunderstandings and coping responses of German and Taiwanese co-workers in corporate settings in Taiwan
作者 羅莉莎
Roehlig, Sarah
貢獻者 羅燦慶
Lo, Daniel Tsann-ching
羅莉莎
Roehlig, Sarah
關鍵詞 cultural differences
intercultural misunderstandings
coping strategies
Germany
Taiwan
communication
business practices
conflict management
leadership
management
日期 2010
上傳時間 9-May-2016 15:38:24 (UTC+8)
摘要 This study deals with cultural differences, intercultural misunderstandings, and coping strategies in the context of two specific cultures: German and Taiwanese. Using content analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with 31 German and Taiwanese co-workers in Taiwan (superiors-subordinates and peers), this study attempts to accomplish two goals: (a) Analyze which intercultural misunderstandings are commonly encountered by German and Taiwanese co-workers in their work relationships and examine the nature of these misunderstandings; (b) Explore how German and Taiwanese co-workers cope with these intercultural misunderstandings and determine whether there are cultural differences in coping responses used by Germans and Taiwanese. The coding and content analysis revealed intercultural misunderstandings and conflicts in four areas: Language and Communication, Business Practices: Quality / Thoroughness vs. Speed / Flexibility, Conflict Management: Dealing with Problems and Mistakes, and Leadership and Management Styles: Roles of Managers and Employees. Regarding coping strategies, this study found that Taiwanese co-workers used more emotion-focused coping strategies, in particular acceptance (passive-adaptive coping) and seeking emotional support, whereas Germans used more problem-focused and avoidance coping. The ultimate purpose of this study is to increase awareness of possible problem areas and coping responses and help German and Taiwanese co-workers to collaborate and communicate more effectively. For example, the data provided in this study can be used for designing culture-specific intercultural training modules for the German-Taiwanese business context.
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Ashkanasy, N. M., Gupta, V., Mayfield, M. S., & Trevor-Roberts, E. (2004). Future Orientation. In R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.), Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies (pp. 602-653). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Baraldi, C. (2006). New forms of intercultural communication in a globalized world. The International Communication Gazzette, Vol. 68 (1), pp. 53-69.
Björkman, I., Stahl, G. and Vaara, E. (2007). National Cultural Differences and Capability Transfer in Cross-Border Acquisitions. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 38, pp. 658-672.
Black, J. S. (1988). Work role transitions: A study of American expatriate managers in Japan. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 19, pp. 277–294.
Black, J. S., & Mendenhall, M. E. (1991). The U-curve adjustment hypothesis revisited: A review and theoretical framework. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 225–247.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
95461020
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0954610201
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 羅燦慶zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lo, Daniel Tsann-chingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 羅莉莎zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Roehlig, Sarahen_US
dc.creator (作者) 羅莉莎zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Roehlig, Sarahen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-May-2016 15:38:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-May-2016 15:38:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-May-2016 15:38:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0954610201en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95287-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95461020zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study deals with cultural differences, intercultural misunderstandings, and coping strategies in the context of two specific cultures: German and Taiwanese. Using content analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with 31 German and Taiwanese co-workers in Taiwan (superiors-subordinates and peers), this study attempts to accomplish two goals: (a) Analyze which intercultural misunderstandings are commonly encountered by German and Taiwanese co-workers in their work relationships and examine the nature of these misunderstandings; (b) Explore how German and Taiwanese co-workers cope with these intercultural misunderstandings and determine whether there are cultural differences in coping responses used by Germans and Taiwanese. The coding and content analysis revealed intercultural misunderstandings and conflicts in four areas: Language and Communication, Business Practices: Quality / Thoroughness vs. Speed / Flexibility, Conflict Management: Dealing with Problems and Mistakes, and Leadership and Management Styles: Roles of Managers and Employees. Regarding coping strategies, this study found that Taiwanese co-workers used more emotion-focused coping strategies, in particular acceptance (passive-adaptive coping) and seeking emotional support, whereas Germans used more problem-focused and avoidance coping. The ultimate purpose of this study is to increase awareness of possible problem areas and coping responses and help German and Taiwanese co-workers to collaborate and communicate more effectively. For example, the data provided in this study can be used for designing culture-specific intercultural training modules for the German-Taiwanese business context.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents I. Acknowledgements 2
II. Abstract 4
III. Table of Contents 5
IV. Tables 8
V. Figures 8

1 INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 INTRODUCTION 9
1.2 GERMANY AND TAIWAN 11
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 12
1.4 STUDY PURPOSE 14

2 THEORY 16

2.1 CULTURAL DIFFERENCES 16
2.1.1 Introduction 16
2.1.2 Dimensions and Categories of Cultural Differences 18
2.1.3 Individualism-Collectivism 20
2.1.4 Power Distance 26
2.1.5 Uncertainty Avoidance 28
2.1.6 Masculinity-Femininity 30
2.1.7 Long-Term Orientation 33
2.1.8 Time 36
2.1.9 Space 38
2.1.10 Chinese Cultural Standards 40
2.1.11 German Cultural Standards 45

2.2 INTERCULTURAL MISUNDERSTANDINGS 49
2.2.1 Challenges in Collaborating Across Cultures 49
2.2.2 Language and Communication 51
2.2.3 Business Practices 53
2.2.4 Conflict Management 53
2.2.5 Leadership and Management Styles 55

2.3 COPING 58
2.3.1 Definition 58
2.3.2 Coping Functions 59
2.3.3 Cultural Differences in Coping 62

3 METHODOLOGY 68

3.1 DEFINITIONS 68
3.1.1 Nationality 68
3.1.2 Hierarchy Relationships 70
3.1.3 Organizational Culture 70
3.1.4 Intercultural Misunderstandings 71
3.1.5 Coping Strategies 71

3.2 SAMPLE 72
3.2.1 Participant Selection 72
3.2.2 Participants 74
3.2.3 Companies 77

3.3 INSTRUMENTS 80

3.4 DATA COLLECTION: INTERVIEW PROCESS 81

3.5 DATA ANALYSIS: CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVIEWS 83
3.5.1 Deductive Elements 83
3.5.2 Inductive Elements 83

4 EMPIRICAL FINDINGS 85

4.1 RESULTS 85
4.1.1 Thematic Topics 85
4.1.2 Intercultural Misunderstandings 87
4.1.3 Coping Strategies 189

4.2 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 205
4.2.1 Intercultural Misunderstandings 205
4.2.2 Coping Strategies 211
4.2.3 Contributions of this Study to Academic Research and Business 213

4.3 LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH 215

5 REFERENCES 217

6 APPENDICES 229		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0954610201en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) cultural differencesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) intercultural misunderstandingsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) coping strategiesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Germanyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwanen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) communicationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) business practicesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) conflict managementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) leadershipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) managementen_US
dc.title (題名) 在台德商及其台灣同事之跨文化衝突及對應策略zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Intercultural misunderstandings and coping responses of German and Taiwanese co-workers in corporate settings in Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andersen, P. A., Hecht, M. L., Hoobler, G. D., & Smallwood, M. (2002). Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures. In W.B. Gudykunst (Eds.). (2003). Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Ashkanasy, N. M., Gupta, V., Mayfield, M. S., & Trevor-Roberts, E. (2004). Future Orientation. In R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.), Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies (pp. 602-653). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Baraldi, C. (2006). New forms of intercultural communication in a globalized world. The International Communication Gazzette, Vol. 68 (1), pp. 53-69.
Björkman, I., Stahl, G. and Vaara, E. (2007). National Cultural Differences and Capability Transfer in Cross-Border Acquisitions. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 38, pp. 658-672.
Black, J. S. (1988). Work role transitions: A study of American expatriate managers in Japan. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 19, pp. 277–294.
Black, J. S., & Mendenhall, M. E. (1991). The U-curve adjustment hypothesis revisited: A review and theoretical framework. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 225–247.
Bolten, J. (2001). Interkulturelles Coaching, Mediation, Training und Consulting als Aufgaben des Personalmanagements internationaler Unternehmen. Retrieved on August 26, 2009 from http://www2.uni-jena.de/philosophie/iwk/publikationen/coaching.pdf
Borisoff, D., & Victor, D. A. (1989). Conflict Management: A communication skills approach. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Brislin, R. W. (1981). Cross-Cultural Encounters: Face-to-Face Interaction. New York, NY: Pergamon
Breiden, O., Mirza, H., & Mohr, A. (2004). Coping with the job abroad: a correspondence model of expatriate work adjustment. International Studies of Management & Organizations. Vol. 34 (3), pp. 5-26.
Caligiuri, P. M. (2000). Selecting expatriates for personality characteristics: A moderating effect of personality on the relationship between host national contact and cross-cultural adjustment. Management International Review, Vol. 40, pp. 61–80.
Carl, D., Gupta, V., & Javidan, M. (2004). Power distance. In R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.), Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies (pp. 602-653). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Chang, H., & Holt, G. R. (1994). A Chinese perspective on face as inter-relational concern. In S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), The challenge of facework: Cross-cultural and interpersonal issues (pp. 95-132). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Company Directory Taiwan. German Companies in Taiwan 2009/ 2010. Published by AHK German Trade Office Taipei, June 2009, Taipei
Cutler, J. (2005). The Cross-Cultural Communication Trainer’s Manual, Volume One: Designing Cross-Cultural Training; Gower Publishing Limited
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