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題名 台灣企業研發部門區位選擇之研究─從創新系統的觀點 作者 錢欣玫 貢獻者 邊泰明
錢欣玫關鍵詞 研發區位選擇
創新系統日期 2009 上傳時間 9-五月-2016 15:40:28 (UTC+8) 摘要 全球化的浪潮已經席捲世界各個角落,特別自80年代以後,隨著經濟全球化的迅速發展和國際競爭的日趨激烈,國際產業轉移技術之路徑亦發生重要的變化,由原來著重在母國研發以對外進行技術投資的組織形式,慢慢轉變為直接在地主國從事研發。而中國長期以來一直為台商單一地區投資比例最高的區域,根據相關研究顯示,台商早期進去中國多以傳統製造業為主,屬於勞力密集高之產業,而後期則逐漸以資本及技術密集產業為主,顯示在不同時期,台商對中國投資特性之改變。 本文從研發全球化及研發區位選擇相關理論作延伸,同時以創新系統的觀點切入,並輔以問卷調查結果,探討台灣企業研發部門投資兩岸區位選擇。因此,在第一階段將研發區位選擇地區廣泛地分為中國大陸和台灣;其後,第二階段則針對台灣部分進行更深入的探討,將台灣分為北部、中部以及南部地區。而在實證變數方面主要分為兩個部分:第一部包含廠商基本屬性以及區位選擇原因、第二部分為創新系統相關變數。實證結果顯示就兩岸而言,兩部分的變數皆會影響台灣企業研發部門的區位選擇,而若就台灣地區而言,則屬創新系統相關變數影響最為深刻。 最後,根據本研究之結論,從宏觀面向來看,建議台灣未來宜加強其所有權優勢、內部化優勢的部分,以增進其海外研發能力;就微觀層面則建議未來應強化中部與南部的創新環境、建構完善的三螺旋合作網絡、並進一步強化廠商研發意願。 參考文獻 ㄧ、中文部分 1.Henry Etzkowitz著、周春彥譯,2005,『三螺旋』,北京:東方出版社。 2.丁雯靜,1997,「台商對外投資的區位選擇」,國立台灣大學三民主義研究所碩士論文:台北。 3.王千岳,1993,「台灣上市上櫃公司赴大陸投資區位之研究—以電子產業為例」,國立成功大學都市計畫學系碩士論文:台南。 4.王智立,1995,「多分類羅吉斯迴歸模式之探討」,國立中央大學統計研究所碩士論文:桃園。 5.王振寰,1997,「跨國界區域經濟形成的統理機制:以台灣資本外移南中國為例」,『台灣社會研究季刊』,27:1-36。 6.方在農,2003,『區域科技創新的理論實踐和政策研究』,南京:東南大學出版社。 7.包惠、祝影,2004,「跨國公司研發全球化與我國的人才戰略選擇」,『中國人力資源開發』,7。 8.行政院國家科學委員會,2008,『科學技術統計要覽2008年版』,台北:行政院國家科學委員會。 9.任勝鋼、陳鳳梅,2007,「國內外區域創新系統的發展模式研究」,『研究與發展管理』,19(5):45-52。 10.朱南玉,2003,「從研發知識及產業群聚效益建立地方創新能力模型之研究」,台北大學都市計劃研究所博士論文:台北。 11.朱曉芬,2006,「跨國公司R&D國際化動因新視點─從競爭優勢角度看」,『科技創業月刊』,2:112-113。 12.何重慶,2007,「台灣製造業廠商對外投資區位決定因素之比較與變化」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 13.吳濟華、陳協勝,2001 ,「台灣地區工業區廠商創新擴散及其空間互動之探討」,『中山管理評論』,9(2):179-200。 14.李安方,2004,『跨國公司R&D全球化─理論、效應與中國的對策研究』,北京:人民出版社。 15.杜德斌,2001,「跨國R&D投資的宏觀區位選擇」,『世界地理研究』,10(2):7-14。 16.杜德斌,2005,「跨國公司海外R&D的投資動機及其區位選擇」,『科學學研究』,23(1):71-75。 17.林佳蓉,2004,「台灣製造業廠商對外投資區位選擇之研究」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 18.周于晴,2007,「工業地域類型與廠商生產力」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 19.胡嘉瑋,2008,「企業集團兩岸投資空間區位選擇之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 20.徐進鈺,1998,「邁向一個學習性的區域?台北─新竹高科技走廊的廠商聚集與技術學習」,『師大地理研究報告』,29:143-159。 21.徐曉巍,2003,「跨國公司在華研發戰略:挑戰與對策」,『世界經濟研究』,12:20-25。 22.高明華,1999,「企業集團化與長江三角洲經濟一體化」,『世界地理研究』, 8(1):51-55。 23.康信鴻、廖婉孜,2006,「影響台商赴大陸投資額與投資區位因素之實證研究」,Chiao Da Management Review,26(1):15-38。 24.梁正、薛瀾、朱琴、朱雪禕,2008,「研發全球化與本土知識交流:對北京跨國公司研發機構的經驗分析」,『世界經濟』,2:3-16。 25.陳哲正,2003,「台商製造業投資中國大陸區位選擇之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 26.陳忠榮、楊志海,1999,「台灣對外直接投資的決定因素─擴張型與防禦型的比較」,『經濟論文叢刊』,27(2):215-240。 27.陳信宏,2004,「研發國際化與地主國區位優勢:旗艦級跨國企業在兩岸研發中心之比較」,『台灣管理學刊』,4(3):289-316。 28.許財良,2002,「廠商創新能力、產業發展與政府科技政策對科學園區廠商競爭優勢及績效影響之研究」,成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文:台南。 29.喻世友、萬欣榮、史衛,2004,「論跨國公司R&D投資的國別選擇」,『管理世界』,1:46-54。 30.賀團濤、曾德明,2008,「跨國公司R&D國際化理論述評」,『中國科技論壇』,8:75-78。 31.黃蘋,2008,「跨國公司在華R&D投資區位選擇的空間計量分析」,『科技管理研究』,5:90-92。 32.楚天驕,2008,「跨國公司研發全球化與我國區域創新體系建設」,『軟科學』,22(5):111-113。 33.楊志海、陳忠榮,2001,「研究發展、技術引進與專利—一般動差法於可追蹤資料的應用」,『經濟論文叢刊』,29(1):69-87。 34.楊政龍、金家禾,2002 ,「知識設施空間分佈對台灣製造業創新成效之影響」,『臺灣土地研究』,4:101-123。 35.楊凱雄,2008,「台灣製造業廠商在大陸沿海區位選擇之決定因素」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 36.經濟部工業局,2004,『工業區開發管理資訊與競爭優勢之研究』,台北:經濟部工業局。 37.劉常勇,2004,「建構全球研發網絡」。 38.潘羿,2003,「跨國公司R&D機構中國區位研究」,『現代管理科學』,2:37-38。 39.聯合國貿易發展會議,2008,『世界投資報告』,紐約和日內瓦:聯合國。 40.薛瀾、王書貴、沈群紅,2002,「全球化戰略下的跨國公司在華研發投資布局─基於跨國公司在華獨立研發機構行業分布差異的實證分析」,『管理世界』,3:33-41。 41.謝玉玫,2006,「廠商研發活動與產業聚集之研究—台灣電子業與運輸工具業之驗證與比較」,國立台灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文:台北。 42.顧海,2002,「中國國家創新系統的歷史回顧與制度轉型分析」,『學術研究』,9:64-69。 43.龔欣平,2008,「地方創新環境與創新成效之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士在職專班論文:台北。 二、英文部分 1.Autio, E., 1998, “Evaluation of RTD in Regional Systems of Innovation,” European Planning Studies, 6: 131-140. 2.Anne, L. 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國立政治大學
地政學系
96257012資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096257012 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 邊泰明 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 錢欣玫 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 錢欣玫 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2009 en_US dc.date.accessioned 9-五月-2016 15:40:28 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 9-五月-2016 15:40:28 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-五月-2016 15:40:28 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0096257012 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95315 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 地政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 96257012 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 全球化的浪潮已經席捲世界各個角落,特別自80年代以後,隨著經濟全球化的迅速發展和國際競爭的日趨激烈,國際產業轉移技術之路徑亦發生重要的變化,由原來著重在母國研發以對外進行技術投資的組織形式,慢慢轉變為直接在地主國從事研發。而中國長期以來一直為台商單一地區投資比例最高的區域,根據相關研究顯示,台商早期進去中國多以傳統製造業為主,屬於勞力密集高之產業,而後期則逐漸以資本及技術密集產業為主,顯示在不同時期,台商對中國投資特性之改變。 本文從研發全球化及研發區位選擇相關理論作延伸,同時以創新系統的觀點切入,並輔以問卷調查結果,探討台灣企業研發部門投資兩岸區位選擇。因此,在第一階段將研發區位選擇地區廣泛地分為中國大陸和台灣;其後,第二階段則針對台灣部分進行更深入的探討,將台灣分為北部、中部以及南部地區。而在實證變數方面主要分為兩個部分:第一部包含廠商基本屬性以及區位選擇原因、第二部分為創新系統相關變數。實證結果顯示就兩岸而言,兩部分的變數皆會影響台灣企業研發部門的區位選擇,而若就台灣地區而言,則屬創新系統相關變數影響最為深刻。 最後,根據本研究之結論,從宏觀面向來看,建議台灣未來宜加強其所有權優勢、內部化優勢的部分,以增進其海外研發能力;就微觀層面則建議未來應強化中部與南部的創新環境、建構完善的三螺旋合作網絡、並進一步強化廠商研發意願。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 - 1 - 第一節 研究動機與研究目的 - 1 - 第二節 研究範疇與研究內容 - 4 - 第三節 研究方法與研究流程 - 9 - 第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 - 11 - 第一節 創新系統相關理論 - 11 - 第二節 研發全球化及研發區位選擇相關理論 - 22 - 第三章 兩岸創新系統 - 31 - 第一節 兩岸基本情況介紹 - 31 - 第二節 兩岸區域創新系統比較分析 - 41 - 第四章 台灣企業研發部門之區位選擇 - 45 - 第一節 羅吉特模型介紹 - 45 - 第二節 製造業1000大企業與問卷結果分析 - 48 - 第三節 模型變數選取 - 55 - 第四節 實證結果與分析 - 64 - 第五章 結論與建議 - 73 - 第一節 研究結論 - 73 - 第二節 政策建議與後續研究 - 76 - 參考文獻 - 79 - zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096257012 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 研發區位選擇 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新系統 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 台灣企業研發部門區位選擇之研究─從創新系統的觀點 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ㄧ、中文部分 1.Henry Etzkowitz著、周春彥譯,2005,『三螺旋』,北京:東方出版社。 2.丁雯靜,1997,「台商對外投資的區位選擇」,國立台灣大學三民主義研究所碩士論文:台北。 3.王千岳,1993,「台灣上市上櫃公司赴大陸投資區位之研究—以電子產業為例」,國立成功大學都市計畫學系碩士論文:台南。 4.王智立,1995,「多分類羅吉斯迴歸模式之探討」,國立中央大學統計研究所碩士論文:桃園。 5.王振寰,1997,「跨國界區域經濟形成的統理機制:以台灣資本外移南中國為例」,『台灣社會研究季刊』,27:1-36。 6.方在農,2003,『區域科技創新的理論實踐和政策研究』,南京:東南大學出版社。 7.包惠、祝影,2004,「跨國公司研發全球化與我國的人才戰略選擇」,『中國人力資源開發』,7。 8.行政院國家科學委員會,2008,『科學技術統計要覽2008年版』,台北:行政院國家科學委員會。 9.任勝鋼、陳鳳梅,2007,「國內外區域創新系統的發展模式研究」,『研究與發展管理』,19(5):45-52。 10.朱南玉,2003,「從研發知識及產業群聚效益建立地方創新能力模型之研究」,台北大學都市計劃研究所博士論文:台北。 11.朱曉芬,2006,「跨國公司R&D國際化動因新視點─從競爭優勢角度看」,『科技創業月刊』,2:112-113。 12.何重慶,2007,「台灣製造業廠商對外投資區位決定因素之比較與變化」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 13.吳濟華、陳協勝,2001 ,「台灣地區工業區廠商創新擴散及其空間互動之探討」,『中山管理評論』,9(2):179-200。 14.李安方,2004,『跨國公司R&D全球化─理論、效應與中國的對策研究』,北京:人民出版社。 15.杜德斌,2001,「跨國R&D投資的宏觀區位選擇」,『世界地理研究』,10(2):7-14。 16.杜德斌,2005,「跨國公司海外R&D的投資動機及其區位選擇」,『科學學研究』,23(1):71-75。 17.林佳蓉,2004,「台灣製造業廠商對外投資區位選擇之研究」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 18.周于晴,2007,「工業地域類型與廠商生產力」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 19.胡嘉瑋,2008,「企業集團兩岸投資空間區位選擇之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 20.徐進鈺,1998,「邁向一個學習性的區域?台北─新竹高科技走廊的廠商聚集與技術學習」,『師大地理研究報告』,29:143-159。 21.徐曉巍,2003,「跨國公司在華研發戰略:挑戰與對策」,『世界經濟研究』,12:20-25。 22.高明華,1999,「企業集團化與長江三角洲經濟一體化」,『世界地理研究』, 8(1):51-55。 23.康信鴻、廖婉孜,2006,「影響台商赴大陸投資額與投資區位因素之實證研究」,Chiao Da Management Review,26(1):15-38。 24.梁正、薛瀾、朱琴、朱雪禕,2008,「研發全球化與本土知識交流:對北京跨國公司研發機構的經驗分析」,『世界經濟』,2:3-16。 25.陳哲正,2003,「台商製造業投資中國大陸區位選擇之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:台北。 26.陳忠榮、楊志海,1999,「台灣對外直接投資的決定因素─擴張型與防禦型的比較」,『經濟論文叢刊』,27(2):215-240。 27.陳信宏,2004,「研發國際化與地主國區位優勢:旗艦級跨國企業在兩岸研發中心之比較」,『台灣管理學刊』,4(3):289-316。 28.許財良,2002,「廠商創新能力、產業發展與政府科技政策對科學園區廠商競爭優勢及績效影響之研究」,成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文:台南。 29.喻世友、萬欣榮、史衛,2004,「論跨國公司R&D投資的國別選擇」,『管理世界』,1:46-54。 30.賀團濤、曾德明,2008,「跨國公司R&D國際化理論述評」,『中國科技論壇』,8:75-78。 31.黃蘋,2008,「跨國公司在華R&D投資區位選擇的空間計量分析」,『科技管理研究』,5:90-92。 32.楚天驕,2008,「跨國公司研發全球化與我國區域創新體系建設」,『軟科學』,22(5):111-113。 33.楊志海、陳忠榮,2001,「研究發展、技術引進與專利—一般動差法於可追蹤資料的應用」,『經濟論文叢刊』,29(1):69-87。 34.楊政龍、金家禾,2002 ,「知識設施空間分佈對台灣製造業創新成效之影響」,『臺灣土地研究』,4:101-123。 35.楊凱雄,2008,「台灣製造業廠商在大陸沿海區位選擇之決定因素」,淡江大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文:台北。 36.經濟部工業局,2004,『工業區開發管理資訊與競爭優勢之研究』,台北:經濟部工業局。 37.劉常勇,2004,「建構全球研發網絡」。 38.潘羿,2003,「跨國公司R&D機構中國區位研究」,『現代管理科學』,2:37-38。 39.聯合國貿易發展會議,2008,『世界投資報告』,紐約和日內瓦:聯合國。 40.薛瀾、王書貴、沈群紅,2002,「全球化戰略下的跨國公司在華研發投資布局─基於跨國公司在華獨立研發機構行業分布差異的實證分析」,『管理世界』,3:33-41。 41.謝玉玫,2006,「廠商研發活動與產業聚集之研究—台灣電子業與運輸工具業之驗證與比較」,國立台灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文:台北。 42.顧海,2002,「中國國家創新系統的歷史回顧與制度轉型分析」,『學術研究』,9:64-69。 43.龔欣平,2008,「地方創新環境與創新成效之研究」,國立政治大學地政學系碩士在職專班論文:台北。 二、英文部分 1.Autio, E., 1998, “Evaluation of RTD in Regional Systems of Innovation,” European Planning Studies, 6: 131-140. 2.Anne, L. 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