學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

  • No doi shows Citation Infomation
題名 連續性審計理論分析與系統技術探討-以物件式雛型系統為例
作者 周濟群
貢獻者 俞洪昭<br>曾淑峰
周濟群
關鍵詞 連續性審計
即時性揭露
連續性審計理論
連續性審計系統技術
物件技術
Continuous Auditing
Web Release
Realtime Disclosure
Continuous Auditing Theoretic and Technical Framework
Information Technology
Object Technology
日期 2000
上傳時間 9-May-2016 16:19:41 (UTC+8)
摘要   傳統的財務報表審計服務,其查核作業的執行時點主要是以會計期間為基準,每季、每半年或一年才針對企業財務揭露,進行事後的交易查核。然而,近年來企業普遍地應用網際網路和全球資訊網技術之後,在沒有任何第三者稽核的情況下,企業的財務資訊幾乎可選擇於任何時點在網路上公開揭露,再加上投資者藉由網路瀏覽器等工具蒐集或分析這些資訊的成本降低,更使得此類資訊被使用的機率大幅增加。由資訊效率的觀點來看,市場投資者使用這些未經查核的資訊,將可能導致因資訊信賴度低而產生的資訊不效率,故傳統期間性的審計服務,顯然亦即當即時性網路資訊環境逐漸形成時,不但已不能提昇資本市場網路時代的資訊品質,同時也會逐漸喪失審計專業一直所強調的審計品質和權威性,故為了因應此一即時性資訊揭露市場的來臨,審計專業該當尋求更符合即時性資訊環境的審計方法。
  改善資訊效率的方法之一,即所謂連續性審計(Continuous Auditing)的觀念,其目的乃是希望擴充即時線上資訊系統診斷機能至外部審計服務,以達成「交易結束後,立即進行查核;財務報表發布後,立即出具審計意見報告」的目標。但此一課題目前仍屬新興階段,不論是理論或技術架構皆存在許多未盡之處。例如連續性審計是否在任何經濟環境下均較具效率?或是某些經濟條件必須符合時,才適合應用連續性審計方法?此等重要的經濟適用性問題,均無任何研究曾明確地交代。此外,如何有效率地整合各種資訊技術,來實地發展連續性審計技術,以對目前網路財務揭露系統進行連續性審計?而完整的一般化系統架構、技術指引與系統發展方法論又如何建立?這些問題,在相關的文獻中,均皆未能提出適切的答案。
  本研究即針對上述各項議題分別提出解決方案,首先從資訊經濟學理論的角度,探討在連續性財務資訊揭露的環境下,連續性審計的必要性,並以較嚴謹的定義,來建立連續性審計的理論架構,並討論可能影響連續性審計效率性的各種經濟條件;確認連續性審計的重要性後,其次將整合應用審計專業知識、連續性審計觀念架構與相關的資訊技術,以發展出適用於連續性審計的一般化技術架構;最後則依照連續性審計一般化的技術架構,實地設計出一個應用物件技術的連續性審計雛型系統,以驗證連續性審計理論與技術架構的可行性。
  Through years, regulation parties consistently emphasized the importance of timely accounting information in their formal statements. Despite those highlights from regulation parties, professional accountants can`t achieve timeliness due to the lack ofrealtime disclosure technology. However, in the past a few years, situation is changing dramatically. The combined innovative technology on production (such as the on-line transaction processing and the on-line analytical processing) and dissemination (such as the Internet distributed object technology and World- Wide-Web technology) of the real-time accounting information definitely made timeliness feasible. In fact, there is strong evidence to believe there would be more and more public companies posting their timely important financial or operating information on Internet in the near future. Although the increasing provision of timely accounting numbers on the web is expected to strengthen the quality of accounting information, behind the web-disclosure behavior, the information asymmetry problem still will bother both the reporting companies and information users since those web-releases are usually remained unaudited.
  Recently, in AICPA and CICA`s joint report, they emphasized on the importance of continuous auditing as a soluetion to this emerging web-release problem. Unfortunately, besides their awakenings on this material, those official reports did not provide much insight on both continuous auditing theoretic and technical framework. For instance, what exactly is the economic definition and implication of continuous auditing? Would continuous auditing be the most efficient way to audit the real-time information? How to prove it? Also, technically, how to conduct this new approach successfully? Depending on what kind of information technology this approach could be best implemented?
  From research design view, the above problems are certainly not appropriate to be answered through an empirical research approach since there are still no continuous auditing practice existing. Accordingly, the most emerging research now is to construct a complete continuous auditing theory and technical framework. This paper, based on the motivation to examine both the theoretic and technical framework of continuous auditing, is going to address the following issues. First, some formal modeling tools are adopted to analyze different auditing approaches to show why, from an economic view, continuous auditing would dominate others in different dimensions. Secondly, we derive a generic technical framework from the continuous auditing concepts to guide the implementation of technical issues. Finally, an object-oriented prototype system implemented by Java language is developed to support the proposed theoretic and generic technical framework.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
會計學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000123
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 俞洪昭<br>曾淑峰zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 周濟群zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 周濟群zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2000en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-May-2016 16:19:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-May-2016 16:19:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-May-2016 16:19:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) A2010000123en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95446-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   傳統的財務報表審計服務,其查核作業的執行時點主要是以會計期間為基準,每季、每半年或一年才針對企業財務揭露,進行事後的交易查核。然而,近年來企業普遍地應用網際網路和全球資訊網技術之後,在沒有任何第三者稽核的情況下,企業的財務資訊幾乎可選擇於任何時點在網路上公開揭露,再加上投資者藉由網路瀏覽器等工具蒐集或分析這些資訊的成本降低,更使得此類資訊被使用的機率大幅增加。由資訊效率的觀點來看,市場投資者使用這些未經查核的資訊,將可能導致因資訊信賴度低而產生的資訊不效率,故傳統期間性的審計服務,顯然亦即當即時性網路資訊環境逐漸形成時,不但已不能提昇資本市場網路時代的資訊品質,同時也會逐漸喪失審計專業一直所強調的審計品質和權威性,故為了因應此一即時性資訊揭露市場的來臨,審計專業該當尋求更符合即時性資訊環境的審計方法。
  改善資訊效率的方法之一,即所謂連續性審計(Continuous Auditing)的觀念,其目的乃是希望擴充即時線上資訊系統診斷機能至外部審計服務,以達成「交易結束後,立即進行查核;財務報表發布後,立即出具審計意見報告」的目標。但此一課題目前仍屬新興階段,不論是理論或技術架構皆存在許多未盡之處。例如連續性審計是否在任何經濟環境下均較具效率?或是某些經濟條件必須符合時,才適合應用連續性審計方法?此等重要的經濟適用性問題,均無任何研究曾明確地交代。此外,如何有效率地整合各種資訊技術,來實地發展連續性審計技術,以對目前網路財務揭露系統進行連續性審計?而完整的一般化系統架構、技術指引與系統發展方法論又如何建立?這些問題,在相關的文獻中,均皆未能提出適切的答案。
  本研究即針對上述各項議題分別提出解決方案,首先從資訊經濟學理論的角度,探討在連續性財務資訊揭露的環境下,連續性審計的必要性,並以較嚴謹的定義,來建立連續性審計的理論架構,並討論可能影響連續性審計效率性的各種經濟條件;確認連續性審計的重要性後,其次將整合應用審計專業知識、連續性審計觀念架構與相關的資訊技術,以發展出適用於連續性審計的一般化技術架構;最後則依照連續性審計一般化的技術架構,實地設計出一個應用物件技術的連續性審計雛型系統,以驗證連續性審計理論與技術架構的可行性。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   Through years, regulation parties consistently emphasized the importance of timely accounting information in their formal statements. Despite those highlights from regulation parties, professional accountants can`t achieve timeliness due to the lack ofrealtime disclosure technology. However, in the past a few years, situation is changing dramatically. The combined innovative technology on production (such as the on-line transaction processing and the on-line analytical processing) and dissemination (such as the Internet distributed object technology and World- Wide-Web technology) of the real-time accounting information definitely made timeliness feasible. In fact, there is strong evidence to believe there would be more and more public companies posting their timely important financial or operating information on Internet in the near future. Although the increasing provision of timely accounting numbers on the web is expected to strengthen the quality of accounting information, behind the web-disclosure behavior, the information asymmetry problem still will bother both the reporting companies and information users since those web-releases are usually remained unaudited.
  Recently, in AICPA and CICA`s joint report, they emphasized on the importance of continuous auditing as a soluetion to this emerging web-release problem. Unfortunately, besides their awakenings on this material, those official reports did not provide much insight on both continuous auditing theoretic and technical framework. For instance, what exactly is the economic definition and implication of continuous auditing? Would continuous auditing be the most efficient way to audit the real-time information? How to prove it? Also, technically, how to conduct this new approach successfully? Depending on what kind of information technology this approach could be best implemented?
  From research design view, the above problems are certainly not appropriate to be answered through an empirical research approach since there are still no continuous auditing practice existing. Accordingly, the most emerging research now is to construct a complete continuous auditing theory and technical framework. This paper, based on the motivation to examine both the theoretic and technical framework of continuous auditing, is going to address the following issues. First, some formal modeling tools are adopted to analyze different auditing approaches to show why, from an economic view, continuous auditing would dominate others in different dimensions. Secondly, we derive a generic technical framework from the continuous auditing concepts to guide the implementation of technical issues. Finally, an object-oriented prototype system implemented by Java language is developed to support the proposed theoretic and generic technical framework.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭
論文摘要-----一
Abstract-----二
目錄-----i
圖目錄-----ii
表目錄-----iv
第一章 緒論-----1
  第一節 研究背景與目的-----1
  第二節 研究架構與定位-----5
第二章 文獻探討-----8
  第一節 資訊揭露的相關研究-----8
  第二節 連續性審計之相關研究-----12
  第三節 系統開發工具簡介-----21
第三章 連續性審計理論分析-----28
  第一節 觀念性架構之建立-----28
  第二節 情境分析-----35
  第三節 推論-----41
第四章 連續性審計技術架構-----43
  第一節 交易系統應用控制評估模型-----45
  第二節 連續性交易查核分析-----74
第五章 系統開發-----81
  第一節 連續性審計系統分析與設計-----81
  第二節 雛型系統釋例-----87
第六章 結論-----93
參考文獻-----98
附錄A 銷貨與總帳雛型交易系統的控制矩陣分析-----102
附錄B 延伸TICOM模型的基本方法集-----109
附錄C 系統功能彙整說明-----110
附錄D 使用個案分析圖彙整-----115
附錄E 交易系統狀態圖分析-----119
附錄F 類別圖分析-----124

圖目錄
圖1-1 研究架構-----6
圖2-1 連續性審計研究發展現況-----19
圖2-2 使用UML的系統發展流程(資料來源:BOOCH ET AL.1999)-----25
圖2-3 SAN FRANCISCO的基本架構分析(資料來源:IBM 1999)-----27
圖3-1 各種審計情境示意圖-----40
圖4-1 連續性系統開發程序-----44
圖4-2 適用於連續性審計的內控評估方法分析-----46
圖4-3 影響即時性應用控制評估成功率三大要素對於評估控制風險過低風險之影響-----54
圖4-4 銷貨與總帳雛型系統內控描述-應用TICOM模型-----60
圖4-5 ICDL應用控制實作釋例-程序/模組/元件/物件方法-----61
圖4-6 應用物件技術於連續性審計的理論架構-----62
圖4-7 連續性審計物件與鑄型再用釋例-----71
圖4-8 連續性審計系統架構與實體作業流程-----75
圖5-1 連續性審計系統活動圖分析-即時性應用控制評估過程-----85
圖5-2 連續性審計系統活動圖分析-連續性交易查核過程-----86
圖5-3 雛型交易系統應用控制設定畫面-----88
圖5-4 雛型交易系統鎖貨單新增畫面-----89
圖5-5 雛型交易系統銷貨單簽核畫面-----90
圖5-6 雛型交易系統銷貨分錄新增畫面-----91
圖5-7 雛型交易系統壞帳調整分錄新增畫面-----91
圖5-8 雛型系統即時性損益報導資訊與審計後更正資訊揭露畫面-----92
圖D-1 使用個案分析圖-SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION-----115
圖D-2 使用個案分析圖-SALES PROCESSING-----116
圖D-3 使用個案分析圖-PAYMENT-----116
圖D-4 使用個案分析圖-ACCOUNTING-----117
圖D-5 使用個案分析圖-AUDITING-----118
圖E-1 物件狀態圖分析-SALES ORDER-----119
圖E-2 物件狀態圖分析-SHIPPING BILL-----120
圖E-3 物件狀態圖分析-PAYMENT REPORT-----121
圖E-4 物件狀態圖分析-JOURNAL-----121
圖E-5 物件狀態圖分析-REPORT-----122
圖E-6 物件狀態圖分析-INTERNAL CONTROLOBJECT-----122
圖E-7 物件狀態圖分析-SUBSTANTIVE TEST WORKSHEET-----123
圖E-8 物件狀態圖分析-PSEUDO REPORT-----123
圖F-1 類別圖分析一SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION-----124
圖F-2 類別圖分析一SALES-----125
圖F-3 類別圖分析-PAYMENT-----126
圖F-4 類別圖分析-AUDITING-----127

表目錄
表1-1 本研究於連續性審計研究領域中之分類定位-----7
表2-1 EDI與EC比較表-----17
表2-2 連續性審計方法分析與系統開發所使用工具-----21
表2-3 ICDL模型基本方法列示-----23
表2-4 連續性審計方法分析與系統開發所使用工具(資料來源:BOOCH ET AL.1999)-----25
表3-1 其它審計效率性指標-----35
表3-2 審計情境設計表-----37
表3-3 各種審計情境的效率性綜合比較-----41
表4-1 傳統審計(包括人工與EDP審計)與連續性審計之五大控制要素具體評估方法比較表-----48
表4-2 限制條件與工作節點維護對評估內部控制過低風險的影響比較分析表-----67
表4-3 程序/模組/元件/物件方法比較分析表-----71
表A-1 CONTROL MATRIX OF SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION (SA)-----102
表A-2 CONTROL MATRIX OF SALES ORDER CREATION, PERMISSION ANDMAINTENANCE (SO)-----103
表A-3 CONTROL MATRIX OF SHIPPING BILL CREATION (SB)-----104
表A-4 CONTROL MATRIX OF SALES JOURNALA (SALESJ)-----105
表A-5 CONTROL MATRIX OF PAYMENT REPORT (PR)-----106
表A-6 CONTROL MATRIX OF PAYMENT JOURNAL (PAYJ)-----106
表A-7 CONTROL MATRIX OF BADDEBT JOURNAL (BADDEBTJ)-----107
表A-8 CONTROL MATRIX OF REPORTING-----107
表A-9 AUTHORIZATION MATRIX-----108
表B-1 延伸TICOM模型的基本方法分析-----109
表C-1 交易系統功能彙整表-交易系統初始化與設定-----110
表C-2 系統功能彙整表-日常相關交易處理-----113
表C-3 系統功能彙整表-期間性交易處理-----114
zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000123en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 連續性審計zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 即時性揭露zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 連續性審計理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 連續性審計系統技術zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 物件技術zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Continuous Auditingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Web Releaseen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Realtime Disclosureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Continuous Auditing Theoretic and Technical Frameworken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Information Technologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Object Technologyen_US
dc.title (題名) 連續性審計理論分析與系統技術探討-以物件式雛型系統為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US