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題名 一般均衡利率期限結構理論─台灣公債市場之實證研究 作者 廖志峰 貢獻者 李桐豪
廖志峰關鍵詞 跨期資本資產訂價模型
跨期一般均衡資產價格理論
一般均衡利率期限結構理論
一般化動差法
名目利率期限結構
實質利率期限結構日期 2002 上傳時間 9-五月-2016 16:52:27 (UTC+8) 摘要 利率是影響金融市場中金融工具的主要因素,對經濟體系而言,是貨幣面與實質面的橋樑,代表使用負債資金所需支付的成本;對法人機構、投資個人而言,利率是進行任何融資、投資活動的重要參考指標。近年來,利用一般均衡、無套利評價理論來研究利率期限結構和利率或有請求權(Contingent Claims)訂價的文獻有如雨後春筍一般;另一方面,由於時間序列(Time Series)於1980年代的快速發展,諸如:ARCH家族、GARCH家族、隨機變異性(Stochastic Volatility),兩套方法互相結合運用,有愈來愈多文獻顯示,其對現實的利率期限結構具有一定水準的解釋能力。 隨著國際金融市場的多元化、自由化與無國界化,金融創新與金融商品的大量問世,如何合理估計利率期限結構,以運用於投資決策、或預測未來利率走勢,及對利率風險的管理,這都隱含利率期限結構的重要性。本文擬針對著一般均衡利率期限結構模型加以分析,並驗證在我國公債市場應用的可行性。 一般均衡利率期限結構模型,由Cox、Ingersoll and Ross(1985a、b)正式提出,其為單因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型;Longstaff and Schwartz(1992)提出二因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型,因其利率期限結構隱含一個限制式,故LS兩因子實證模型以差分形式進行,故將損失兩個參數(gamma、eta);基於此點,本文試圖採用Gibbons and Ramaswamy(1993)的實質報酬率觀念,希望經由調整物價因素後的殖利率樣本資料,可消除時間趨勢不穩定的因子,藉以判斷包含(gamma、eta)的完整兩因子一般均衡模型是否能更充分解釋利率期限結構;另一方面,亦可透過Gibbons and Ramaswamy(1993)的實質報酬率觀念,觀察二因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型所獲得的名目利率期限結構與實質利率期限結構的差異。 本文實證結果並不令人滿意,調整物價因素後的殖利率樣本資料,仍存在不穩定的情況;本文以差分與模擬的方式,建構出台灣公債市場利率期限結構。另一方面,亦發現本文調整物價因素的方法,在較長的樣本期間下並不適宜。 參考文獻 伏和靖(民國78年6月),「台灣地區貨幣市場利率期限結構之實證研究」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 李桐豪(民國87年),《台灣金融市場分析:公債、貨幣及股票市場之實證研究》,華泰文化總經銷 陳一正(民國84年6月),「一般均衡之利率期限結構-Vasicek一因子與二因子模型實證」,台灣大學財務金融研究所未出版碩士論文 陳松男(民國87年),《財務經濟學》,華泰文化經售 陳松男(民國91年),《金融工程學》,華泰文化經售 黃尹亭(民國83年6月),「台灣貨幣市場利率期限結構模型-SR和DSR模型適用性之比較分析」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 黃仁宗(民國83年6月),「利率變異性與期限結構-台灣貨幣市場之實證研究」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 謝劍平(民國88年),《固定收益證券投資與創新》,智勝文化出版 Bliss, R.R. and E.I. Ronn,(1989),〝Arbitrage-Based Estimation of Nonstationary Shifts in the Term Structure of Interest Rates,〞Journal of Finance,Vol. 44,pp. 591-610 Brennan, M.J. and E.S. Schwartz, (1978),〝Finite Difference Methods and Jump Processes Arising in the Pricing of Contingent Claims:A Synthesis,〞Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,Vol.13,pp.462-474 Brigo, D. and F. Mercurio,(2001),Interest Rate Models : Theory and Practice,Berlin,New York,SpringerChan, K.C.,G.A. Karolyi,,F.A. Longstaff, and A.B. Sanders,(1992),〝An Empirical Comparison of Alternative Models of the Short-Term Interest Rate,〞Journal of Finance,Vol. 47,pp.1209-1227 Chapman, D.A. and N.D. Pearson (2001),〝Recent Advance in Estimating Term-Structure Models,〞Financial Analysts Journal,Vol.57,pp.77-95 Clewlow, L. and C. Strickland,(1998),Implementing Derivatives Models,John Wiley & Sons,N.Y.,N.Y. Cox, J.C.,J.E. Ingersoll, and S.A. Ross,(1985a),〝An Intertemporal General Equilibrium Model of Asset Prices,〞Econometric,Vol.53,No.2,pp.363-384. Cox, J.C.,J.E. Ingersoll,and S.A. Ross, (1985b),〝Theory of the Term Structure of Interest Rate,〞Econometrica,Vol.53,No.2,pp.385-407 Culbertson, J.M.(1957 November),〝The Term Structure of Interest Rates,〞Quarterly Journal of Economics,pp.458-517 Dothan, L.U.(1978),〝On the Term Structure of Interest Rates,〞The Journal of Finance,Vol. 31,pp. 1035-1065 Enders, W.(1995),Applied Econometric Time Series,John Wiley & Sons Engle, R.F.,D.M. Lilien,and R.P. Robins, (1987),〝Estimating Time Varying Risk Premia In the Term Structure:the ARCH-M Model,〞Econometrica,Vol.55,pp.391-407 Fama, E.F. (1975),〝Short-Term Interest Rates as Predictors of Inflation,〞American Economic Review,Vol. 65,pp. 269-282 Fama, E.F. (1976),〝Forward Rates as Predictors of Inflation,〞Journal of Financial Economics,Vol. 3,pp.361-367 Fama, E.F.(1984),〝Term Premiums in Bond Returns,〞Journal of Financial Economics,Vol. 13,pp.529-546 Fabozzi(2000),The Handbook of Fixed Income Securities,McGraw-Hill Fong, H.G. and O.A. Vasicek,(1992),〝Interest Rate Volatility as a Stochastic Factor,〞Manuscript. Gibbons,M.R. and K. Ramaswary,(1993),〝A Test of the Cox、Ingersoll and Ross Model of the Term Structure,〞The Review of Financial Studies,Vol.6,No.3,pp.619-658 Greene, W. H.(2000),Econometric Analysis,4th ed.,Prentice-Hall Inc Hamilton, J. D.(1994),Time Series Analysis,Princeton University Press Hansen, Lars P.(1982),〝Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators,〞Econometrica,Vol.50,pp.1029-54. Hansen, Lars P. and Singleton(1982),〝Generalizaed Insturmental Variables Estimation of nonlinerar Rational Expectations Models,〞Econometrica,Vol.50,pp.1269-1286 Heath, D.、R. Jarrow and A. 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White, (1994b),〝Numerical Procedures for Implementing Term Structure Model II:Two-Factor Models,〞The Journal of Derivatives,Winter,pp.37-48 Hull, John C.(1996),Options, Futures, & Other Derivatives,4th edition Ingersoll, J.E.(1987),Theory of Financial Decision Making,Rowman & Littlefield,Savage M.D. James, J. and N. Webber, (2000),Interest Rate Modelling,John Wiley and Sons,N.Y.,N.Y. Jarrow, R.and S. Turnbull,(1996),Derivative Securities,South-Western Jarrow, R.(1998),Volatility : new estimation techniques for pricing derivatives, London : Risk Books Lee, B.S.(1989),〝A Nonlinear Expectations Model of The Term Structure of Interest Rates with Time-Varying Risk Premia,〞Journal of Money、Credit and Banking,Vol.21,pp.348-367 Longstaff, F.A.(1990),〝Time Varying Term Premia and Traditional Hypothesis about The Term Structure,〞Journal of Finance,Vol.45,pp.1307-1314 Longstaff, F.A. and E.S. 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(1973),〝An Intertemporal Captial Asset Pricing Model,〞Econometrica,Vol.41,No.5,pp.385-407. Merton, R.C.(1990),Continuous Time Finance, 2nd Edition, Blackwell, Cambridge M.A. Modigiani, F. and R.J. Shiller,(1973),〝Inflation、Rational Expectations and The Term Structure of Interest Rates,〞Econometrica,Vol.40,pp.12-43. Park, S.Y. and M.R. 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國立政治大學
經濟學系
89258013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000380 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 李桐豪 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 廖志峰 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 廖志峰 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2002 en_US dc.date.accessioned 9-五月-2016 16:52:27 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 9-五月-2016 16:52:27 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-五月-2016 16:52:27 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) A2010000380 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95715 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 經濟學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 89258013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 利率是影響金融市場中金融工具的主要因素,對經濟體系而言,是貨幣面與實質面的橋樑,代表使用負債資金所需支付的成本;對法人機構、投資個人而言,利率是進行任何融資、投資活動的重要參考指標。近年來,利用一般均衡、無套利評價理論來研究利率期限結構和利率或有請求權(Contingent Claims)訂價的文獻有如雨後春筍一般;另一方面,由於時間序列(Time Series)於1980年代的快速發展,諸如:ARCH家族、GARCH家族、隨機變異性(Stochastic Volatility),兩套方法互相結合運用,有愈來愈多文獻顯示,其對現實的利率期限結構具有一定水準的解釋能力。 隨著國際金融市場的多元化、自由化與無國界化,金融創新與金融商品的大量問世,如何合理估計利率期限結構,以運用於投資決策、或預測未來利率走勢,及對利率風險的管理,這都隱含利率期限結構的重要性。本文擬針對著一般均衡利率期限結構模型加以分析,並驗證在我國公債市場應用的可行性。 一般均衡利率期限結構模型,由Cox、Ingersoll and Ross(1985a、b)正式提出,其為單因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型;Longstaff and Schwartz(1992)提出二因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型,因其利率期限結構隱含一個限制式,故LS兩因子實證模型以差分形式進行,故將損失兩個參數(gamma、eta);基於此點,本文試圖採用Gibbons and Ramaswamy(1993)的實質報酬率觀念,希望經由調整物價因素後的殖利率樣本資料,可消除時間趨勢不穩定的因子,藉以判斷包含(gamma、eta)的完整兩因子一般均衡模型是否能更充分解釋利率期限結構;另一方面,亦可透過Gibbons and Ramaswamy(1993)的實質報酬率觀念,觀察二因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型所獲得的名目利率期限結構與實質利率期限結構的差異。 本文實證結果並不令人滿意,調整物價因素後的殖利率樣本資料,仍存在不穩定的情況;本文以差分與模擬的方式,建構出台灣公債市場利率期限結構。另一方面,亦發現本文調整物價因素的方法,在較長的樣本期間下並不適宜。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 誌謝 目錄-----1 表目錄-----3 圖目錄-----4 壹、緒論-----6 一、研究動機與目的-----6 二、研究範圍-----7 三、研究限制-----8 四、研究架構-----9 貳、文獻回顧-----10 一、傳統利率期限結構理論-----11 (一)預期理論-----11 (二)流動性偏好理論-----13 (三)市場區隔理論-----15 二、近代利率隨機模型-----16 參、理論基礎-----20 一、跨期資本資產訂價模型-----20 (一)跨期資本市場結構-----21 (二)資產價值與報酬率的動態行為-----22 (三)投資者偏好結構與預算方程式動態過程-----23 (四)方程式的最適化:資產的需求函數-----24 (五)跨期資本資產評價模型-----26 二、跨期一般均衡資產價格理論-----29 三、一般均衡利率期限結構理論-----34 四、兩因子一般均衡利率期限結構模型-----39 肆、實證分析-----45 一、資料介紹、來源與處理-----45 二、實證步驟與方法-----52 (一)實證方法-一般化動差法-----52 (二)LS兩因子實證方法-----54 (三)實質利率期限結構實證方法-----55 三、實證結果-----61 伍、研究結論與後續建議-----70 一、研究結論-----70 二、後續建議-----71 附錄-----74 參考文獻 表目錄 表一、常見的利率隨機過程模型-----18 表二、台灣公債殖利率樣本期間資料特性表-----48 表三、台灣公債殖利率樣本期間一階差分資料特性表-----48 表四、樣本期間實證結果-----61 附表一、債券次級市場成交值統計表-----74 附表二、政府債券發行資料表-----74 附表三、含γ、η的實質利率實證方法實證結果表-----78 圖目錄 圖一、研究架構-----10 圖二、利率隨機模型理論的分類-----19 圖三、樣本期間殖利率期限結構圖-----49 圖四、樣本期間殖利率變異性期限結構圖-----49 圖五、樣本期間即期殖利率代理變數走勢圖-----50 圖六、樣本期間即期殖利率代理變數變異性走勢圖-----50 圖七、樣本期間殖利率一階差分圖-----51 圖八、樣本期間殖利率變異性一階差分結構圖-----51 圖九、L&S模型估計之殖利率一階差分圖-----62 圖十、實際殖利率差分圖-----62 圖十一、L&S模型估計值與實際值差距圖-----63 圖十二、實質利率實證方法所估計殖利率一階差分圖-----63 圖十三、實際殖利率調整物價因素後一階差分圖-----64 圖十四、實質利率實證方法與調整物價因素後實際殖利率差分差距圖-----64 圖十五、γ的比較靜態分析圖-----65 圖十六、η的比較靜態分析圖-----66 圖十七、模擬台灣公債市場殖利率期間結構圖-----67 圖十八、樣本期間台灣消費者物價指數圖-----68 圖十九、含γ、η的實質報酬方法估計之殖利率期限結構圖-----78 附圖一-----79 附圖二-----79 附圖三-----80 附圖四-----80 附圖五-----81 附圖六-----81 附圖七-----82 附圖八-----82 附圖九-----83 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000380 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 跨期資本資產訂價模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 跨期一般均衡資產價格理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 一般均衡利率期限結構理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 一般化動差法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 名目利率期限結構 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實質利率期限結構 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 一般均衡利率期限結構理論─台灣公債市場之實證研究 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 伏和靖(民國78年6月),「台灣地區貨幣市場利率期限結構之實證研究」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 李桐豪(民國87年),《台灣金融市場分析:公債、貨幣及股票市場之實證研究》,華泰文化總經銷 陳一正(民國84年6月),「一般均衡之利率期限結構-Vasicek一因子與二因子模型實證」,台灣大學財務金融研究所未出版碩士論文 陳松男(民國87年),《財務經濟學》,華泰文化經售 陳松男(民國91年),《金融工程學》,華泰文化經售 黃尹亭(民國83年6月),「台灣貨幣市場利率期限結構模型-SR和DSR模型適用性之比較分析」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 黃仁宗(民國83年6月),「利率變異性與期限結構-台灣貨幣市場之實證研究」,淡江大學金融研究所未出版碩士論文 謝劍平(民國88年),《固定收益證券投資與創新》,智勝文化出版 Bliss, R.R. and E.I. 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