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題名	專家系統應用在存貨查核上之研究
作者	王秋月
貢獻者	陳錦烽 Chen, Jing-Feng 王秋月
日期	1993
上傳時間	10-May-2016 18:55:02 (UTC+8)
摘要	專家系統研究係人工智慧研究領域中重要的一環。電腦科學的研究者於1960 年代開始研究此種以電腦模擬人類專家思考運作的程式系統， 1965 年DENDRAL 系統為用來推論化學結構的專家系統，可謂是第一個專家系統。
參考文獻	參考書籍與文獻\n一、中文書籍(依著者筆劃次序排列)\n1.吳文清譯著，審計學原理， (台北，台灣西書出版社，民國8 1 年9月， 10 版) \n2. 孫家麟著，專家系統之理論與程式設計， (台北，松崗電腦圖書資料有限公司，民國77 年10 月， 2 版) \n3. 陳禹長，歐陽崇榮編著，決策支援與專家系統， (台北，全華科技圖書股份有限公司，民國77 年10 月)。\n4 張紹勳著，人工智慧與專家系統， (台北，松崗電腦圖書資料有限公司，民國82 年2 月，初版) \n5. 葉怡成，郭耀煌合著，專家系統方法應用與實作， (台北，全欣資訊圖書，民國80 年10 月)。\n6 楊建民，徐德麟，陳怡文，企業專家系統， (台北，時英出版社，民國78 年2 月) \n二、中文期刊及未出版論文(依著者筆劃次序排列)\n1. 余千智，整合性專家決策支援系統之觀念架構與作業流程， (資管評論，一九九○年七月，第1-23 頁)。\n2. -----，整合性專家決策支援系統在特定管理領域之應用探討， (資管評論，一九九一年十二月，第11-3 3 頁)。\n3. 杜榮瑞，行為會計研究之發展， (管理新思潮， pp.58-82) 0\n4. 余麗玲，專家系統在審計判斷之應用--以備抵壞帳為例， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國80 年6 月)。\n5. 周國政，專家系統在財務診斷上應用之研究， (高雄，國立中山大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國78 年6 月)。\n6. 柯承恩，蘇裕惠，李文智，從60 年代談起審計研究的發展與架構，(會計研究月刊，第87 期，第86-93 頁)。\n7. 陳錦烽，由人類資訊處理觀點談專家系統在會計上的應用， (會計資訊與證券市場之發展，第四屆會計理論與實務研討會，民國81 年10 月) \n8. 陳兆宏，審計人員內部控制判斷行為之研究一透視模型之應用， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國77 年6 月)。\n9. 陳春宏，審計判斷行為之研究，應收帳款的內部控制強弱之判斷審計程式規劃之判斷， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國78 年6 月)。\n10. 許恩得，專家系統在有價證券發行與上市之應用， (國立中興大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國76 年6 月)。\n11. 許皎慧，我國財務報表使用者，編製者及審計人員對重要性判斷行為之比較研究--以揭露判斷為例， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國80 年7 月)。\n12. 郭啟賢，經驗與事務所規模對重要性判斷行為影響之研究， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國81 年7 月) \n13. 黃義銘，專家系統在應收帳款查核上的應用， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國76 年6 月)。\n14. 黃娟娟，自動化知識擷取--ID3 在稅務查核上之應用， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國81 年7 月)。\n15. 賴坤發，專家系統開發之研究--以開發針灸取穴專家系統為例，(台北，國立中興大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國77 年6 月) \n\n三、英文書籍\n1. Barr, A., and Feigenbaum, E., The Handbook of Artifical Intelligence,\nVol. 1 (Heuris Tech Press, 1981).\n2. Charniak, E., and McDermott, D., " Introduction to Artificial Intelligence,"\nAddison Wesley (1985).\n3. Ernst & Young., Aud Manual, Volume 1 (Ernst & Young, August 1990).\n* 4. Forsyth, R., ES: Principiis and Case Studies (New York: Chapman\nand Hall, 1984), Foreword.\n5. Harmon, P., Maus, R., and W. Morrissey, Expert Systems Tools and\nApplications (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1988).\n6. Hayes-Roth, F. , Waterman, D.A., and Lenat, D.B. (eds.), Building\nExpert System, (Addison-Wesley, 1983).\n7. Holsapple, C.VV. and Whinston, A.B., Business Expert System, Irwin, 1987.\n8. Kell, W.G., Boynton, W.C., and R.E. Ziegler, Modern Auditing, 4th\n(John Wiley & Sons,Inc. 1989) .\n9. Lachman, R., Lachman, J.L. and E.C. Butterfield, Cognitive Psychology\nand Information Processing; An Introduction (Lawrence Erlbaum\nAssoceates , Publishers, 1979).\n10. Newell, A., and Simon, H.A., Human Problem Solving (Prentice-Hall,\nNew Jersey, 1980).\n11. Texas Instruments Incorporated, Personal Consultant Plus Reference\nGuide (Texas Instruments Incorporated, November 1988) .\n12. Vasarhelyi, M.A., Artifical Intelligence in Accounting and Auditing:\nThe Use of Expert Systems (Markus Wiener Publishing, Inc. New York,\n1989).\n13. Waterman, D.A., A Guide to Expert Systems (Addison-Wesley, 1986).\n14. Webster`s .,New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, MA:G&C Merream Co.\n15. Weiss, S.M. and Kulikowski, C.A., " A Practical Guide to Designing\nExpert Systems," Rowman & Allanheld Publishers (1984).\n四、英文期刊及未出版論文：\n1. Abdolmehammadi, M.J., " Decision Support and Expert System in\nAuditing: A Review and Research Directions," Accounting & Business\nResearch, (Spring 1987), pp.1-13.\n2.------, and Wright,A., " An Examination of the Effects of Experience\nand Task Complexity on Audit Judgments," The Accounting\nReview (January 1987), pp.1-13.\n3.------, and Shanteau, J., " Personal Attributes of Expert Auditors,"\nOrganizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (531992), pp.158-172.\n4. Ashton, R.H., and Brown, P.R., " Descriptive Modeling of Auditors`\nInternal Control Judgments: Replication and Extension," Journal of\nAccounting Research (Spring 1980), pp.269-277.\n5. Bailey, A.D., Jr., Hackenbrack, K., De, P., and J. Dillard, " Artificial\nIntelligence, Cognitive Science and Computational Modeling in Auditing\nResearch : A Research Approach," Joural of Information Systems \n(Spring 1987), pp.20-40 .\n6. Benbenishty, R., " An Overview of Methods to Elict and Model Expert\nClinical Judgment and Decision Making," Social Service Review\n(December 1992), pp.599-613.\n7. Brazile, R.P. and Swigger, K.M., " Gates: An airline gate assignment\nand tracting expert system," IEEE EXPERT, (Summer 1988), pp.33-39.\n8. Bramer, M.A., " A Survey and Critical Review of Expert Systems Research,"\nPreview and Overview, PP.3-29.\n9. Butt, J.1., " Frequency Judgments in An Auditing RELATED Task,"\nJournal of Accounting Research (Autumn 1988), pp. 315-330.\n10. Ercegovac, Z., " A Multiple - Observation Appoach in Knowledge Acquisition\nfor Expert Systems: A Case Study, " Journal of the American\nSociety for Information Science, (1992), pp.506-517.\n11. Fedorowicz, J. , Oz, E., and P.D. Berger, " A Learning Curve Analysis\nof Expert System Use," Decision Sciences, Vo1.23, Iss4, (1992), pp.797- 818.\n12. Graham, L.E., Damens, J., and G.V. Ness, " Developing Risk Advisor:\nAn Expert System for Risk Identification," Aud ing: A Journal of\nPractice and Theory, Vol. 10, No. 1, (Spring 1991), pp.69-96.\n13. Hansen, J .V., and Messier, Jr., "V.F. , " A Preliminary Investigation\nof EDP-XPERT," Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, (Fall\n1986) , pp.109-123.\n14. Hoffman, R.R., " The Problem of Extracting the Knowledge of Experts\nfrom the Perspective of Experimental Psychology," AI Magazine, Vol.8,\nNo.2, (Summer 1987), pp.53-67.\n15 . Hulthage, Let al., " The Arch ecture of ALADIN: A knowledge-based\napproach to alloy design," Ieee Expert, (August 1990), pp.56-73.\n16. Johnson, P.E. , Grazioli, S., Jamal, K., and Zualkernan LA., " Failure\nin Expert Reasoning, " Organizational Behavior and Human Decision\nProcesses 53 . (1992), pp.173-203.\n17. Klersey, G.F. and Mock, T., " Verbal Protocol Research in Auditing,"\nAccounting Organizations and Society, VoLl4,Nos.l/2, pp.133-151.\n18. Larcker, D.F. & Lessig, V.P., " An Examination of the Linear and\nRetrospective Process Tracing Approaches to Judgment Modeling," The\nAccounting Review (January 1983), pp.58-77.\n19. Libby, R., " Experimental Research and the Distinctive Features of\nAccounting Settings," In 1. Ponemon and D. Gobhart(eds.), Auditing:\nAdvances in Behavior Research (Springer-Verlag 1991), PP.1-20.\n20. Lin, T.W. " Expert Systems and Management Accounting Research,"\nManagement Accounting, Vol.4. No.1 (Spring 1986).\n21. McCarthy, W.E., " On the Future of Knowledge-Based Accounting\nSystems," Dr. Scott Memorial Lectures in Accountancy, VoLl5 (1986).\n22. Messier, Jr., W.F., and Hansen, J .V., " Expert Systems in Auditing:\nThe State of the Art," unpublished working paper (Fall 1987).\n23. Minsky, M., " A Framework for Representing Knowledge," in P.Winsten( ed.),\nThe Psychology of Computer Vision, McGraw-Hill (1975), Chapter 6.\n24. Nesbit, R.E. & Wilson, T.D., " Telling More Than We Can Know:\nVerbal Reports on Mental Processes, Psychological Review (1977), pp.231-259.\n25. Otway, H., and Winterfeldt, D.V., ` Expert Judgment in Risk Anal-\nYsis and Manage`ment :Process, Context, and Pitfalls," Risk Analysis,\nVol.12, No. 1 (1992).\n26. Shanteau, J. " How Much Information Does An Expert Use? Is rele-\nvant?," Acta Psychological 81 (1992),pp.75-86.\n27. - --- and Stewart, T.R., " Why study Expert Decision Making?\nSome Historical Perspectives and Comments," Organizational Behavior\nand Human Decision Processes 53 (1992), pp.95-106.\n28. Shiffrin, R.M., & Atkinson, R.C., " Storage and retrieval processes\nin long-term memory. Psychological Review 76 (1969), pp.179-193.\n29. Sullivan G. and Fordyce, K., " Decision Stimulation (DSIM) One\nOutcome of Combining Expert Systems and Decision Support Systems,"\nworking paper, IBM (1985).\n表示該文獻作者為直接參閱，納入本研究的部份，係參考其他文獻摘錄。
描述	碩士國立政治大學會計學系
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV1772012
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	陳錦烽	zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor	Chen, Jing-Feng	en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	王秋月	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	王秋月	zh_TW
dc.date (日期)	1993	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	10-May-2016 18:55:02 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	10-May-2016 18:55:02 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	10-May-2016 18:55:02 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G91NCCV1772012	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=108482	-
dc.description (描述)	碩士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	會計學系	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	專家系統研究係人工智慧研究領域中重要的一環。電腦科學的研究者於1960 年代開始研究此種以電腦模擬人類專家思考運作的程式系統， 1965 年DENDRAL 系統為用來推論化學結構的專家系統，可謂是第一個專家系統。	zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents	第一章緒論．．．．．．．．．．1\n第一節研究背影．．．．．．．．．．1\n第二節研究動機．．．．．．．．．．2\n第三節研究目的．．．．．．．．．．3\n第四節研究方法及限制．．．．．．．．．．4\n第五節論文結構．．．．．．．．．．5\n第二章文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．8\n第一節專家系統研究發展背景．．．．．．．．．．8．．．．．．．．．．\n第二節專家系統觀念性架構．．．．．．．．．．13\n第三節專家系統研究方法．．．．．．．．．．25\n第四節專家系統研究面臨之問題．．．．．．．．．．38\n第五節專家系統在審計領域上之應用．．．．．．．．．．42\n第三章研究方法．．．．．．．．．．47\n第一節知識擷取之介紹．．．．．．．．．．47\n第二節知識表現與推論．．．．．．．．．．55\n第三節建構工具．．．．．．．．．．72\n第四節雛型統驗證．．．．．．．．．．75\n第四章存貨查核雛型系統設計與結果．．．．．．．．．．79\n第一節雛型系統發展設計．．．．．．．．．．79\n第二節問題領域界定．．．．．．．．．．82\n第三節領域專家的選定．．．．．．．．．．84\n第四節知識擷取規劃．．．．．．．．．．87\n第五節知識庫的建立．．．．．．．．．．92\n第六節系統架構及流程．．．．．．．．．．103\n第七節系統操作．．．．．．．．．．109\n第八節系統限制．．．．．．．．．．110\n第九節系統驗證．．．．．．．．．．111\n第五章結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．120\n第一節結論．．．．．．．．．．120\n第二節對未來研究發展之建議．．．．．．．．．．122\n參考書籍及有獻．．．．．．．．．．124\n附錄一系統驗證問卷\n附錄二範例列示	zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV1772012	en_US
dc.title (題名)	專家系統應用在存貨查核上之研究	zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	參考書籍與文獻\n一、中文書籍(依著者筆劃次序排列)\n1.吳文清譯著，審計學原理， (台北，台灣西書出版社，民國8 1 年9月， 10 版) \n2. 孫家麟著，專家系統之理論與程式設計， (台北，松崗電腦圖書資料有限公司，民國77 年10 月， 2 版) \n3. 陳禹長，歐陽崇榮編著，決策支援與專家系統， (台北，全華科技圖書股份有限公司，民國77 年10 月)。\n4 張紹勳著，人工智慧與專家系統， (台北，松崗電腦圖書資料有限公司，民國82 年2 月，初版) \n5. 葉怡成，郭耀煌合著，專家系統方法應用與實作， (台北，全欣資訊圖書，民國80 年10 月)。\n6 楊建民，徐德麟，陳怡文，企業專家系統， (台北，時英出版社，民國78 年2 月) \n二、中文期刊及未出版論文(依著者筆劃次序排列)\n1. 余千智，整合性專家決策支援系統之觀念架構與作業流程， (資管評論，一九九○年七月，第1-23 頁)。\n2. -----，整合性專家決策支援系統在特定管理領域之應用探討， (資管評論，一九九一年十二月，第11-3 3 頁)。\n3. 杜榮瑞，行為會計研究之發展， (管理新思潮， pp.58-82) 0\n4. 余麗玲，專家系統在審計判斷之應用--以備抵壞帳為例， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國80 年6 月)。\n5. 周國政，專家系統在財務診斷上應用之研究， (高雄，國立中山大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國78 年6 月)。\n6. 柯承恩，蘇裕惠，李文智，從60 年代談起審計研究的發展與架構，(會計研究月刊，第87 期，第86-93 頁)。\n7. 陳錦烽，由人類資訊處理觀點談專家系統在會計上的應用， (會計資訊與證券市場之發展，第四屆會計理論與實務研討會，民國81 年10 月) \n8. 陳兆宏，審計人員內部控制判斷行為之研究一透視模型之應用， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國77 年6 月)。\n9. 陳春宏，審計判斷行為之研究，應收帳款的內部控制強弱之判斷審計程式規劃之判斷， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國78 年6 月)。\n10. 許恩得，專家系統在有價證券發行與上市之應用， (國立中興大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國76 年6 月)。\n11. 許皎慧，我國財務報表使用者，編製者及審計人員對重要性判斷行為之比較研究--以揭露判斷為例， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國80 年7 月)。\n12. 郭啟賢，經驗與事務所規模對重要性判斷行為影響之研究， (台北，國立政治大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國81 年7 月) \n13. 黃義銘，專家系統在應收帳款查核上的應用， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國76 年6 月)。\n14. 黃娟娟，自動化知識擷取--ID3 在稅務查核上之應用， (台北，私立東吳大學會計研究所未出版碩士論文，民國81 年7 月)。\n15. 賴坤發，專家系統開發之研究--以開發針灸取穴專家系統為例，(台北，國立中興大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文，民國77 年6 月) \n\n三、英文書籍\n1. Barr, A., and Feigenbaum, E., The Handbook of Artifical Intelligence,\nVol. 1 (Heuris Tech Press, 1981).\n2. Charniak, E., and McDermott, D., " Introduction to Artificial Intelligence,"\nAddison Wesley (1985).\n3. Ernst & Young., Aud Manual, Volume 1 (Ernst & Young, August 1990).\n* 4. Forsyth, R., ES: Principiis and Case Studies (New York: Chapman\nand Hall, 1984), Foreword.\n5. Harmon, P., Maus, R., and W. Morrissey, Expert Systems Tools and\nApplications (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1988).\n6. Hayes-Roth, F. , Waterman, D.A., and Lenat, D.B. (eds.), Building\nExpert System, (Addison-Wesley, 1983).\n7. Holsapple, C.VV. and Whinston, A.B., Business Expert System, Irwin, 1987.\n8. Kell, W.G., Boynton, W.C., and R.E. Ziegler, Modern Auditing, 4th\n(John Wiley & Sons,Inc. 1989) .\n9. Lachman, R., Lachman, J.L. and E.C. Butterfield, Cognitive Psychology\nand Information Processing; An Introduction (Lawrence Erlbaum\nAssoceates , Publishers, 1979).\n10. Newell, A., and Simon, H.A., Human Problem Solving (Prentice-Hall,\nNew Jersey, 1980).\n11. Texas Instruments Incorporated, Personal Consultant Plus Reference\nGuide (Texas Instruments Incorporated, November 1988) .\n12. Vasarhelyi, M.A., Artifical Intelligence in Accounting and Auditing:\nThe Use of Expert Systems (Markus Wiener Publishing, Inc. New York,\n1989).\n13. Waterman, D.A., A Guide to Expert Systems (Addison-Wesley, 1986).\n14. Webster`s .,New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, MA:G&C Merream Co.\n15. Weiss, S.M. and Kulikowski, C.A., " A Practical Guide to Designing\nExpert Systems," Rowman & Allanheld Publishers (1984).\n四、英文期刊及未出版論文：\n1. Abdolmehammadi, M.J., " Decision Support and Expert System in\nAuditing: A Review and Research Directions," Accounting & Business\nResearch, (Spring 1987), pp.1-13.\n2.------, and Wright,A., " An Examination of the Effects of Experience\nand Task Complexity on Audit Judgments," The Accounting\nReview (January 1987), pp.1-13.\n3.------, and Shanteau, J., " Personal Attributes of Expert Auditors,"\nOrganizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (531992), pp.158-172.\n4. Ashton, R.H., and Brown, P.R., " Descriptive Modeling of Auditors`\nInternal Control Judgments: Replication and Extension," Journal of\nAccounting Research (Spring 1980), pp.269-277.\n5. Bailey, A.D., Jr., Hackenbrack, K., De, P., and J. Dillard, " Artificial\nIntelligence, Cognitive Science and Computational Modeling in Auditing\nResearch : A Research Approach," Joural of Information Systems \n(Spring 1987), pp.20-40 .\n6. Benbenishty, R., " An Overview of Methods to Elict and Model Expert\nClinical Judgment and Decision Making," Social Service Review\n(December 1992), pp.599-613.\n7. Brazile, R.P. and Swigger, K.M., " Gates: An airline gate assignment\nand tracting expert system," IEEE EXPERT, (Summer 1988), pp.33-39.\n8. Bramer, M.A., " A Survey and Critical Review of Expert Systems Research,"\nPreview and Overview, PP.3-29.\n9. Butt, J.1., " Frequency Judgments in An Auditing RELATED Task,"\nJournal of Accounting Research (Autumn 1988), pp. 315-330.\n10. Ercegovac, Z., " A Multiple - Observation Appoach in Knowledge Acquisition\nfor Expert Systems: A Case Study, " Journal of the American\nSociety for Information Science, (1992), pp.506-517.\n11. Fedorowicz, J. , Oz, E., and P.D. Berger, " A Learning Curve Analysis\nof Expert System Use," Decision Sciences, Vo1.23, Iss4, (1992), pp.797- 818.\n12. Graham, L.E., Damens, J., and G.V. Ness, " Developing Risk Advisor:\nAn Expert System for Risk Identification," Aud ing: A Journal of\nPractice and Theory, Vol. 10, No. 1, (Spring 1991), pp.69-96.\n13. Hansen, J .V., and Messier, Jr., "V.F. , " A Preliminary Investigation\nof EDP-XPERT," Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, (Fall\n1986) , pp.109-123.\n14. Hoffman, R.R., " The Problem of Extracting the Knowledge of Experts\nfrom the Perspective of Experimental Psychology," AI Magazine, Vol.8,\nNo.2, (Summer 1987), pp.53-67.\n15 . Hulthage, Let al., " The Arch ecture of ALADIN: A knowledge-based\napproach to alloy design," Ieee Expert, (August 1990), pp.56-73.\n16. Johnson, P.E. , Grazioli, S., Jamal, K., and Zualkernan LA., " Failure\nin Expert Reasoning, " Organizational Behavior and Human Decision\nProcesses 53 . (1992), pp.173-203.\n17. Klersey, G.F. and Mock, T., " Verbal Protocol Research in Auditing,"\nAccounting Organizations and Society, VoLl4,Nos.l/2, pp.133-151.\n18. Larcker, D.F. & Lessig, V.P., " An Examination of the Linear and\nRetrospective Process Tracing Approaches to Judgment Modeling," The\nAccounting Review (January 1983), pp.58-77.\n19. Libby, R., " Experimental Research and the Distinctive Features of\nAccounting Settings," In 1. Ponemon and D. Gobhart(eds.), Auditing:\nAdvances in Behavior Research (Springer-Verlag 1991), PP.1-20.\n20. Lin, T.W. " Expert Systems and Management Accounting Research,"\nManagement Accounting, Vol.4. No.1 (Spring 1986).\n21. McCarthy, W.E., " On the Future of Knowledge-Based Accounting\nSystems," Dr. Scott Memorial Lectures in Accountancy, VoLl5 (1986).\n22. Messier, Jr., W.F., and Hansen, J .V., " Expert Systems in Auditing:\nThe State of the Art," unpublished working paper (Fall 1987).\n23. Minsky, M., " A Framework for Representing Knowledge," in P.Winsten( ed.),\nThe Psychology of Computer Vision, McGraw-Hill (1975), Chapter 6.\n24. Nesbit, R.E. & Wilson, T.D., " Telling More Than We Can Know:\nVerbal Reports on Mental Processes, Psychological Review (1977), pp.231-259.\n25. Otway, H., and Winterfeldt, D.V., ` Expert Judgment in Risk Anal-\nYsis and Manage`ment :Process, Context, and Pitfalls," Risk Analysis,\nVol.12, No. 1 (1992).\n26. Shanteau, J. " How Much Information Does An Expert Use? Is rele-\nvant?," Acta Psychological 81 (1992),pp.75-86.\n27. - --- and Stewart, T.R., " Why study Expert Decision Making?\nSome Historical Perspectives and Comments," Organizational Behavior\nand Human Decision Processes 53 (1992), pp.95-106.\n28. Shiffrin, R.M., & Atkinson, R.C., " Storage and retrieval processes\nin long-term memory. Psychological Review 76 (1969), pp.179-193.\n29. Sullivan G. and Fordyce, K., " Decision Stimulation (DSIM) One\nOutcome of Combining Expert Systems and Decision Support Systems,"\nworking paper, IBM (1985).\n表示該文獻作者為直接參閱，納入本研究的部份，係參考其他文獻摘錄。	zh_TW