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題名 兒童空間認知能力發展之研究
作者 張麗芬
貢獻者 柯華葳
張麗芬
日期 1988
上傳時間 12-May-2016 13:44:19 (UTC+8)
摘要 【論文提要內容】
參考文獻 參考書目
     【一、中文部分】
     宋伯欽譯(民七五)，都市意像，台北:台隆。
     吳貞祥(民六七)，兒童數、量與空間概念的發展，台北:台北女師專。
     陳淑玲(民七三)，兒童空間概念發展之研究，文化大學兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
     楊淑慧(民七○)，「兒童的空間概念和地理教育」，國立台灣師範大學地理教育，第七期。
     歐陽鍾玲(民七一)，學童空間概念的發展，師大地理研究所碩士論文。
     歐陽鐘玲(1982)，「心智圖在地理學上的應用」，國立台灣師範大學地理教育，第八期。
     
     【二、英文部分】
     Acredolo, L.P. (1977). Developmental changes in the ability to coordinate perspectives of large-scale space. Developmental Psychology, l3(1), 1-8.
     Acredolo, L.P.(l981). Small-and large-scale spatial concepts in infancy and childhood. In L.S. Liben, A.H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe(Eds), Spatial representation and behavior across the life span : Theory and application. New York: Academic press.
     Acredolo, L.P., Pick, H.L. Jr., & Olsen, M,G. (1975) Environmental differentiation and fandliarity as determinants of children`s memory for spatial 1ocation. Developmental Psychology, 11(4), 495-501.
     Allen, G. L., & Kirasic, K.C. (1985). Effects of the cognitive? organization of route knowledge on judgments of macrospatial distance. Memory & Cognition, 13(3), 218-227.
     Allen, G.L., Kirasic, K.C, Siegel. A.W., & Herman, J. F.(l979). Developmental issues in cognitive mapping: The selection and utilization of environmental landmarks. Child Development, 50, 1062-1070.
     Allen, G.L., Siegel, A.W., & Rosinski, R. R. (1978). The role of perceptual context in structuring spatial knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory,4(6).617-630.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Kromer, M.(l986). Children`s spatial knowledge of their school campus. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 854-860.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Nelson , S. K. (1987). Children`s knowledge of directional relationships within their neighborhood. Cognitive Development, 2, 113-126.
     Anooshian, L.J., Pascal, V.U., & McCreath, H. (1984). Problem mapping before problem solving:Young children`s cognitive maps and search strategies in large-scale environments. Child Development, 55, 1820-1834.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Wilson, K.L.(l977). Distance distortions in memory for spatial locations. Child Development, 48, 1704-1707.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Young, D.(l981). Developmental changes in cognitive maps of a familiar neighborhood. Child Development. 52. 341-348.
     Appleyard, D.(1969). Why buildings are known. Environment and Behavior, 1, 131-156.
     Appleyard, D.(1970). Styles and methods of structuring a city. Environment and Behavior. 2,100-118.
     Biel, A.(l982). Children`s spatial knowledge of their home environment. G?teborg Psychological Reports, 12(10), 15P. (From Psychological Abstract , 1986(Apr), 73(4), Abstract No. 8702).
     Bluestein, N., & Acredolo, L.P.(l979). Developmental changes in map-reading skills. Child Development, 50, 691-697.
     Boulding, K.E.(l956). The image. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
     Cohen, R., Baldwin, L. M. , & Sherman, R. C .(1978). Cognitive maps of a naturalistic setting. Child Development, 49, 1216-1218.
     Cohen, R., & Schuepfer, T. (1980). The representation of landmarks and routes. Child Development, 51, 1065-1071.
     Cohen, R., & Weatherford, D.L.(1981). The effect of barriers on spatial representations. Child Development, 52, 1087-1090.
     Cohen, S., & Cohen, R.(1982). Distance estimates of children as a function of type of activity in the environment. Child Development, 53,834-837.
     Cousins, J.H., Siegel, A.W. & Maxwell, S.E. (1983). Way finding and cognitive mapping in large-scale environments: A test of a developmenta1 model, Journal of Experimental Child Development, 35, 1-20.
     Curtis, L. E., Siegel, A. W. , & Furlong, N. E. ( 1981). Developmental differences in cognitive mapping: Configurational knowledge of familiar large-scale enviromnents. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 31, 456-469
     Deloache, J.S., & Brown, A.L.(1983). Very young children`s memory for the location of objects in a large-scale environment. Child Development, 54, 888-897.
     Downs , R.M., & Stea, D. (1973). Cognitive maps and spatial behavior: Process and products. In R.M. Downs & D. Stea(Eds). Image and environment : Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company.
     Drozdal, J.G., Jr., & Flavell, J.H.(l975). A developmental study of 1ogical search behavior. Child Development, 46, 389-393.
     Feldman, A., & Acredolo, L.P.(1979). The effect of active versus passive exploration on memory for spatial location in children. Child Development, 50, 698-704.
     G?rling, T. , Lindberg, E., Carreiras, M. , & B??k, A. (1986). Reference systems in cognitive maps. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 6(1), 1-18.(From Psychological Abstract, 1986, 73. Abstract No. 26341).
     Hardwick, D.A., McIntyre, C. W., & Pick, H.L., Jr. (1976). -The content and manipulation of cognitive maps in children and adults. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, .41(3),1-53.
     Hardwick, D.A., Woolridge, S.C., & Rinalducci, E.J. (1983). Selection of landmarks as a correlate of cognitive map organization. Psychological Reports, 53, 807-813.
     Harris, L. J . (1981). Sex related variations in spatial skill. In L. S. Liben, A. H. Patterson & N. Newcombe(Eds), Spatial representation and behavior a cross the life span : Theory and application. New York: Acaderrdc Press .
     Hart, R.A.(l981). Children`s spatial representation of the 1andscape : Lessons and questions from a field study. In L.S. Liben. A.H. Patterson,& N. Newcombe (Eds), Spatial representat ion and behavior across the life span: Theory and application. New York: Acadendc Press .
     Hart, R.A., & Moore, G.T.( l973 ) . The development of spatial cognition: A review. In R.M. Downs , & D. Stea (Eds). Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior . Chicago : Aldine Publishing Company.
     Hazen , N.L . (l982) . Spatial exploration and spatial knowledge: Individual and developmental differences in very young children. Child Development, 53, 826-833.
     Hazen, N.L., Lockman, J.J., & Pick, H.L., Jr.(1978). The development of children`s representations of large-scale environments. Child Development, 49, 623-636.
     Herman, J . F.(l976). The development of spatial representations of large environments: An exploratory study. Unpublished master`s thesis, Unversity of Pittsburgh.
     Herman. J.F.(1980). Children`s cognitive maps of 1arge- scale space: Effects of exploration, direction, and repeated experience. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 29, 126-143.
     Herman, J .F., Kolker, R.G., & Shaw, M.L. (1982). Effects of motor activity on children`s intentional and incidental memory of spatial locations. Child Development, 53, 239-244.
     Herman, J.F., & Siegel, A.W.(1978). The development of cognitive mapping of the large-scale environment. Journal of Experimental Child psychology, 26, 389-406.
     Ittelson, W.H.(1973). Environment perception and contemporary perceptual theory. In W.H. Ittelson (Ed.), Environment and cognition. New York: Seminar.
     Kahl. H.B., Herman, J.F., & Klein, C.A.(1984). Distance distortions in children`s cognitive maps: An examination of the information storage model. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 38(1), 134-146. (From Psychological Abstract, 1984, 71, Abstract No. 31021.)
     Kaplan, S. (1973). Cognitive maps in perception and thought. In R.M. Downs, & D. Stea (Eds). Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company.
     Kirasic, K. C., Siegel. A. W., & Allen, G. L. (1980). Developmental changes in recognition-in-context memory. Child Development, 51, 302-305.
     Kosslyn, S.M., Pick, H.L., Jr., & Fariello, G.R. (1974) . Cognitive maps in children and men. Child Development, 45, 707-716.
     Kuipers, B.J.(l977). Representing knowledge of large-scale space. MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Memo 359 .
     Liben, L.S.(1981) . Spatial representation and behavior: Multiple perspectives. In L. S. Liben, A.H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe (Eds). Spatial representation and behavior across the life span: Theory and application. New York: Academic Press.
     Liben , L.S. , Moore , M.L., & Golbeck , S. L. (1982). Preschoolers` knowledge of their classroom environment: Evidence from small-scale and life-size spatial tasks. Child Development, 53, 1275-1284.
     Macoby, F.E., & Jacklin, C.W.(1974). The psychology of sex differences. Standford, Calif: Standford University Press.
     Mandler, J.M.(1983). Representation. In P.H. Mussen(Ed). Handbook of Child Psychology. Vol. 3. J.H. Flavell & E.M. Markman (Volume editors). Cognitive Development. 4th(ed). N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
     Matthews, M.H.(1985). Young children`s representations of the environment: A comparison of techniques. Journal of Environmental Psychology., 5(3), 261-278. (From Psychological Abstract, 1986, 73, Abstract No. 11524).
     Matthews, M. H. (1986). The influence of gender on the environmental cognition of young boys and girls. The Journal of Genetic Psychology. 147(3), 295-302.
     McGuiness, D., & Sparks, J.(1983). Cognitive style and cognitive maps: Sex differences in representations of a farrdliar terrain. Journal of Mental Imagery, 7(2), 91-100. (From Psychological Abstract, 1985, 72, Abstract No. 8548).
     Newcombe, N. (1981). Spatial representation and behavior: Retrospect and prospect. In L.S. Liben, A.H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe (Eds). Spatial representation and behavior across the life span: Theory and application. New York : Academic Press.
     Newcombe, N., & Liben, L.S.(l982). Barrier effects in the cognitive maps of children and adults. Journal of experimental Child Psychology, 34 , 46-58.
     Piaget, J. & Inhelder, B.(1967). The child`s conception of space. New York : Norton.
     Sadalla, E. K. , Burroughs, W. J. & Staplin, L. J. (1980). Reference points in spatial cognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(5), 516-528.
     Shemyakin, F.N.(1962). Orientation in space. In B.G. Anan`yev et al.(Eds.) , Psychological Science in the USSR. Vol. 1, Part 1. (Rep. No. 11466) Washington,D.C.: U.S. Office of Technical Reports. PP.186-255.
     Siegel, A.W.(1981). The externalization of cognitive maps by children and adults: In search of ways to ask better questions. In L.S. Liben, A. H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe (Eds). Spatial representation and behavior across the life span: Theory and application. New York: Academic Press.
     Siegel, A. W., Allen, G. L., & Kirasic, K. C. (1979). Children`s ability to make bidirectional distance comparisons: The advantage of think ahead. Development Psychology, 15(6), 656-657.
     Siegel, A. W. , Herman, J. F. , Allen, G. L. , & Kirasic, K.C.(1979). The development of cognitive maps of large-and small-space. Child Development, 50, 582-585.
     Siegel, A.W., & Schadler, M.(1977). The development of young children`s spatial representations of their classrooms. Child Developnent, 48, 388-394.
     Siegel, A.W., & White, S.H.(1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed). Advances in child development and behavior. (Vol.10). New York: Academic Press.
     Thomas, J. R. et al. ( 1983). Age differences in use of strategy for recall of environment in a large scale environment. Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport, 54(3), 264-272.(From Psychological Abstract, 1984, 71, Abstract No. 11873).
     Thorndyke, P.W., & Hayes-Roth, B. (1982). Differences in spatial knowledge acquired from maps and navigation. Cognitive Psychology, 14, 560-589.
     Tolman, E.C.(1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. In R.M. Downs & D. Stea (Eds). Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. Chicago : Aldine Publishing Company. 1973.
     Trabasso, T., Riley, C.A. & Wilson, E.G.(l975). The representation of linear order and spatial strategies in reasoning: A development study. In R. J. Falmagne (Ed.) Reasoning: Representation and process. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
     Weininger. O.(1978). Play and education of the young children. Education, 99(2). 127-135.
     Wohlwill, J.F.(1981). Experimental, developmental , differential: Which way the royal road to knowledge about spatial cognition ? In L.S. Liben, A.H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe (Eds). Spatial representation and behavior across the life span: Theory and application. New York: Academic Press.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
教育學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCU9882012
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 柯華葳zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張麗芬zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 張麗芬zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1988en_US
dc.date.accessioned 12-May-2016 13:44:19 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 12-May-2016 13:44:19 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 12-May-2016 13:44:19 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G91NCCU9882012en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/96583-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 教育學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 【論文提要內容】zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
     第一章 緒論………1
     第一節 研究動機與目的………1
     第二節 研究限制………4
     第三節 重要名詞詮釋………4
     第二章 文獻探討………7
     第一節 空間表徵的意義與性質………7
     第二節 空間表徵的形態與內容………8
     第三節 空間表徵的功用………11
     第四節 空間表徵的測量方法………12
     第五節 空間表徵的發展及有關研究………19
     第三章 研究方法………39
     第一節 研究假設………39
     第二節 研究對象………40
     第三節 實驗設計………40
     第四節 研究材料………41
     第五節 施測工具………43
     第六節 實施過程………44
     第七節 計分方法………48
     第八節 資料處理………51
     第四章 研究結果與討論………53
     第一節 不同年級、性別、情境受試在各依變項上的差異………53
     第二節 各年級在空間表徵發展各要素上通過人數的差異………68
     第三節 空間表徵能力與學業成績的相關………73
     第四節 錯誤類型分析………73
     第五章 結論與建議………83
     第一節 結論………83
     第二節 建議………84
     參考書目………87
     附錄一 預試………99
     
     圖表目錄
     【表錄】
     表3-1 各年級受試的人數、平均年齡及年齡範團表………40
     表4-1 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標辨認的變異數分析摘要表………54
     表4-2 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標排列的變異數分析摘要表………55
     表4-3 不同年級、性別受試在路標排列之單純主要效果分析摘要表………55
     表4-4 各年級通過與未通過路標排列的受試所使用的策略及人數………58
     表4-5 各年級受試在路標排列上最常出現的錯誤類型………59
     表4-6 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標間距離估計的變異數分析摘要表………60
     表4-7 各年跟在通過與未通過路標間距離估計受試所用的策略及人數………61
     表4-8 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標次序的變異數分析摘要表………63
     表4-9 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標間的距離的變異數分析摘要表………64
     表4-10 不同年級、性別、情境受試在路標的左右的變異數分析摘要表………65
     表4-11 不同年級、性別、情境受試在轉彎的變異數分析摘要表………66
     表4-12 不同年級、性別、情境受試在整體知識(空間表徵)的變異數分析摘要表………67
     表4-13 各年級受試在路標辨認、路標排列、路標間距離估計上通過與未通過人數的x^2考驗………69
     表4-14 各年級受試在路標次序、路標的左右與轉彎上通過與未通過人數的x^2考驗………71
     表4-15 不同年級受試在整體知識高中低分組人數的x^2考驗………72
     表4-16 空間表徵能力與各科學業成績之相關係數表………73
     表4-17 各年級受試在各種錯誤類型的人數分佈………74
     
     【圖錄】
     圖2-1 空間表徵的形態與內容………10
     圖2-2 真正位置與受試所估計物體位置之距離等級比較………16
     圖2-3 三角形法的圖示………17
     圖2-4 投射集中技術的圖示………18
     圖3-1 情境I與情境II的配置………42
     圖3-2 左右手辨認時主試者與受試者位置………45
     圖3-3 真實的與受試估計的路標間相對距離………49
     圖4-1 年級、性別對路標排列的交互作用………56
     圖4-2 樣本1………75
     圖4-3 樣本2………75
     圖4-4 樣本3………76
     圖4-5 樣本4………76
     圖4-6 樣本5………76
     圖4-7 樣本6………77
     圖4-8 樣本7………77
     圖4-9 樣本8………77
     圖4-10 樣本9………78
     圖4-11 樣本10………78
     圖4-12 樣本11………78
     圖4-13 樣本12………78
     圖4-14 樣本13………79
     圖4-15 樣本14………79
     圖4-16 樣本15………80
     圖4-17 樣本16………81
     圖4-18 樣本17………81
     圖4-19 樣本18………81
     圖4-20 樣本19………81
     圖4-21 樣本20………82		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCU9882012en_US
dc.title (題名) 兒童空間認知能力發展之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考書目
     【一、中文部分】
     宋伯欽譯(民七五)，都市意像，台北:台隆。
     吳貞祥(民六七)，兒童數、量與空間概念的發展，台北:台北女師專。
     陳淑玲(民七三)，兒童空間概念發展之研究，文化大學兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
     楊淑慧(民七○)，「兒童的空間概念和地理教育」，國立台灣師範大學地理教育，第七期。
     歐陽鍾玲(民七一)，學童空間概念的發展，師大地理研究所碩士論文。
     歐陽鐘玲(1982)，「心智圖在地理學上的應用」，國立台灣師範大學地理教育，第八期。
     
     【二、英文部分】
     Acredolo, L.P. (1977). Developmental changes in the ability to coordinate perspectives of large-scale space. Developmental Psychology, l3(1), 1-8.
     Acredolo, L.P.(l981). Small-and large-scale spatial concepts in infancy and childhood. In L.S. Liben, A.H. Patterson, & N. Newcombe(Eds), Spatial representation and behavior across the life span : Theory and application. New York: Academic press.
     Acredolo, L.P., Pick, H.L. Jr., & Olsen, M,G. (1975) Environmental differentiation and fandliarity as determinants of children`s memory for spatial 1ocation. Developmental Psychology, 11(4), 495-501.
     Allen, G. L., & Kirasic, K.C. (1985). Effects of the cognitive? organization of route knowledge on judgments of macrospatial distance. Memory & Cognition, 13(3), 218-227.
     Allen, G.L., Kirasic, K.C, Siegel. A.W., & Herman, J. F.(l979). Developmental issues in cognitive mapping: The selection and utilization of environmental landmarks. Child Development, 50, 1062-1070.
     Allen, G.L., Siegel, A.W., & Rosinski, R. R. (1978). The role of perceptual context in structuring spatial knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory,4(6).617-630.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Kromer, M.(l986). Children`s spatial knowledge of their school campus. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 854-860.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Nelson , S. K. (1987). Children`s knowledge of directional relationships within their neighborhood. Cognitive Development, 2, 113-126.
     Anooshian, L.J., Pascal, V.U., & McCreath, H. (1984). Problem mapping before problem solving:Young children`s cognitive maps and search strategies in large-scale environments. Child Development, 55, 1820-1834.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Wilson, K.L.(l977). Distance distortions in memory for spatial locations. Child Development, 48, 1704-1707.
     Anooshian, L.J., & Young, D.(l981). Developmental changes in cognitive maps of a familiar neighborhood. Child Development. 52. 341-348.
     Appleyard, D.(1969). Why buildings are known. Environment and Behavior, 1, 131-156.
     Appleyard, D.(1970). Styles and methods of structuring a city. Environment and Behavior. 2,100-118.
     Biel, A.(l982). Children`s spatial knowledge of their home environment. G?teborg Psychological Reports, 12(10), 15P. (From Psychological Abstract , 1986(Apr), 73(4), Abstract No. 8702).
     Bluestein, N., & Acredolo, L.P.(l979). Developmental changes in map-reading skills. Child Development, 50, 691-697.
     Boulding, K.E.(l956). The image. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
     Cohen, R., Baldwin, L. M. , & Sherman, R. C .(1978). Cognitive maps of a naturalistic setting. Child Development, 49, 1216-1218.
     Cohen, R., & Schuepfer, T. (1980). The representation of landmarks and routes. Child Development, 51, 1065-1071.
     Cohen, R., & Weatherford, D.L.(1981). The effect of barriers on spatial representations. Child Development, 52, 1087-1090.
     Cohen, S., & Cohen, R.(1982). Distance estimates of children as a function of type of activity in the environment. Child Development, 53,834-837.
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