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題名 幼教師的文本分析與幼兒閱讀理解能力關聯之行動研究
An Action Research for the Relationship between Preschool Teachers` Textual Analysis and Children’s Reading Comprehension Abilities作者 李婉禎
Li, Wan Chen貢獻者 幸曼玲
Shing, Man Ling
李婉禎
Li, Wan Chen關鍵詞 閱讀理解
文本分析
reading comprehension
text analysis日期 2016 上傳時間 3-Aug-2016 10:46:28 (UTC+8) 摘要 繪本中的圖像符號是幼兒閱讀理解的重要因素,但多數教師使用繪本教學時對文本內容大於圖像取向的多,忽略的圖像符號背後的意涵是幼兒往後能自主閱讀的重要因素。因此,本研究旨在探討幼教師要如何分析文本中色彩符號的意義,設計合宜且精準的問題以提升幼兒閱讀理解能力。 本研究以行動研究方式針對研究者事先分析六本黑白與彩色、暗色與亮色文本中的色彩符號,並設計此六本文本中色彩隱藏的問題,進一步在閱讀教學歷程中探討幼兒所展現的閱讀理解能力。 透過幼教師文本分析,持續提供不同文本的經驗,引導幼兒站在互文的角度解讀文本,使幼兒對文本產生自主閱讀的樂趣。幼兒閱讀理解能力共分為三個層次,越高的層次能力需建構在越低的層次中:1.第一層次:多數幼兒提升覺察圖像的細節能力,對圖像細節有所關注形塑成有意義的故事內容,但少數認知能力較弱的幼兒需教師鷹架學習。2.第二層次:幼兒觀察到圖像細節後,能自主產生對舊經驗不合理的疑問,亦或是能連結圖像之間關聯性,推論圖像因果關係,文本分析後教師亦能提出更精準問題強化幼兒的疑問及推論。3.第三層次:幼兒能透過自己的語言解釋形成意義,重建圖像背後的意涵,理解圖像背後一層的意義,目前教師引導部分較多,未來期望能將閱讀學習責任轉移到幼兒,以幼兒自己本身的角度為中心去感受文學的力量。
The picture symbols in picture books are an important factor of reading comprehension in early childhood. However, most teachers emphasize the content in the picture books more than the pictures when teaching. Ignoring the meaning behind the symbol of a picture is an important factor which can affect children’s capabilities to read independently in the future. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore how the teachers can analyze the meanings behind the color symbols in picture books, and design appropriate and precise questions to enhance early childhood reading comprehension. The study is an action research, and the researcher will analyze black and white; dark and bright color symbols in advance in six texts. The researcher will also design hidden color problems to further explore the reading comprehension exhibited by children in the course of storytelling activities. The teacher’s effort allows children to find joy when reading independently by analyzing texts, providing experiences from different texts constantly and guiding children to understand the texts comprehensively. The comprehension of early childhood reading can be divided into three levels. The capabilities of higher levels are based on the capabilities of the lower levels:1.The first level: In this level, for the majority of children, the capabilities of sensing the image details; noticing and shaping the image details into a meaningful story are enhanced in this level. However, a few children with weak cognitions need the teacher to give scaffolding instructions.2.The second level: In this level, children can independently doubt the previous experience which is unreasonable; make connections and find the consequential relationships between images when observing the image details. Teachers can propose more precise questions which strengthens children`s capabilities of questioning and inferring after analyzing the text. 3.The third level: In this level, children can explain the formations of meanings through their own languages; rebuild and understand the meanings behind the images. Teachers guide more in this phase and it is expected that children can sense the power of literature by themselves and teachers can transfer the reading responsibilities to children in the future.參考文獻 一、中文部分伍書黎(2010)。三到四歲幼兒與研究者共讀及個別閱讀圖畫書之回應(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺北教育大學,幼兒與家庭教育研究所,臺北。谷瑞勉(2006)。幼稚園班級經營--反省性研究者的思考與行動(2版)。臺北:心理出版社。谷瑞勉(2010)。幼兒文學與教學。臺北:心理出版社。幸佳慧(2000)。兒童圖畫故事書的藝術散步-藝術風格介紹,美育,113,19-30。幸曼玲(2008)。閱讀的心理歷程與閱讀教學。研究者天地,154,4-8。林真美(2010)。繪本之眼。臺北:天下雜誌。施淑芬(2010)。以師生共讀方案提升幼兒語言能力之行動研究(未出版之碩士論文)。臺北市立大學,幼兒教育研究所,臺北。柯華葳(2006)。教出閱讀力:培養孩子堅實的閱讀力,打開學習之門。臺北:天下雜誌。洪月女(2009)。以古德曼的閱讀理論探討中英文閱讀之異同。新竹教育大學人文社會學報,3,87-114。孫秀蕙、陳儀芬(2011)。結構符號學與傳播文本-理論與研究實例。臺北:正中書局出版。徐文足(2013)。幼兒園師生共讀主角變形圖畫故事書的歷程 (未出版之碩士論文) 。國立台北教育大學,幼兒教育研究所,臺北。郝廣才(2008)。好繪本如何好。台北:格林文化。張春興(2007)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實踐。臺北:東華書局。張莉莉(2006)。幼稚園研究者圖畫書教學歷程中的討論活動分析─以「美德」主題為例(未出版之碩士論文)國立屏東教育大學,教育行政研究所,屏東市。張湘君(1998)。讀者反應理論及其對兒童文學教育的啟示。東師語文學刊,6,285-307。陳盈伶(2002)。幼兒閱讀理解之教學研究(未出版之碩士論文)。臺北市立大學,幼兒教育教學研究所,臺北市。彭懿(2006)。遇見圖畫書百年經典。臺北市:信誼。游美惠(2000)。內容分析、文本分析與論述分析在社會研究的運用。調查研究方法與應用,8,5-42。黃瑞琴(1989)。質的幼兒教育研究-省思和舉隅。國民教育,30,10-20。黃瑞琴(1993)。幼兒的語文經驗。臺北:五南。黃瑞琴(1994)。質的教育研究方法。臺北:心理出版社。黃瑞琴(1996)。幼兒讀寫萌發課程。台北:五南。蔡清田(2000)。教育行動研究。臺北:五南。鄭春蕓、邱美虹(1994)。閱讀理解的推論形式與研究方法。嘉義師院學報,8,289-309。二、英文部分Bang,M. (2003).楊茂秀(譯)(2003)。Picture This《圖畵‧話圖》。臺北:毛毛蟲基金會。Berk,L.E. & Winsler,A.(1999).谷瑞勉(譯)(1999)。《鷹架兒童的學習:維高斯基與幼兒教育》。臺北:心理出版社。Bleicher,S. (2005). Contemporary Colour: Theory & Use. New York:Delmar. 23-24.Cazden,C.B. (1998).蔡敏玲、彭海燕(譯)(1988)。《教室言談─教與學的語言》。臺北:心理出版社Chambrs,A. (2001).蔡宜蓉(譯)(2001)。《說來聽聽─兒童、閱讀與討論》。臺北:天衛文化。Chase,N.D. & Hynd,C.R. (1987).Reader Response:An Alternative way to Teach Students to Think About Test. Journal of Reading, March, 530-540.Dixon-Krauss,L. (1996).谷瑞勉(譯)(2001)。《教室中的維高斯基-仲介的讀寫與評量》。臺北:心理出版社。Fiske,J. (1990). 張錦華等(譯)(1995)。《傳播符號學理論》。臺北:遠流出版社。Goodman,K. (2009).洪月女(譯)(2009)。《談閱讀On Reading》。臺北:心理出版社。Mayer,R.E. (1999). 林清山(譯)(1999)。《教育心理學:認知取向》。臺北:遠流出版社。Nodelman,P. (2003). 楊茂秀(譯)(2003)。《話圖─兒童圖畫書的敘事藝術》。台東市:財團法人兒童文化藝術基金會。Norris,K.,Lucas,L.,& Prudhoe,C.(2012). Examining Critical Literacy: Preparing Preservice Teachers to Use Critical Literacy in the Early Childhood Classroom. Multicultural Education, 19(2), 59-62.Rosenblatt, L. (1978). The Reader, the Text, the Poem. Carbondale, IL:Southern Illinois University Press.Rosenblatt, L. (1988). 洪顯勝(譯)。《符號學要義》。臺北:南方叢書。Rosenblatt, L. (1978). Literature as Exploration. New York: MLA.Rosenblatt,L. (1994). The reader the text the poem. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.Rosenblatt,L. (2005). Making Meaning With Texts. Portsmouth, NH: Neinemann.Rosenblatt,L. (1982). The Literacy Transaction:Evocation and Response. Theory Into practice, 21, 268-277.Wells,G. (1985). Preschool Literacy-Related Activities and Success in school. In D.Olson, N. Torrance, & A. Hilyard (Eds.), Literacy, Language, and Learning (pp. 229-255). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Whitehurst,G., Arnold,D., Epstein,J., Angell,Smith,A., & Fischel, J., (1994). A Picture Book Reading Intervention in Day Care and Home for Children From Low-income Families. Developmental Psychology, 30(5), 679-689.Whitehurst,G., Falco,F., Lonigan,C., Fischel,J., DeBaryshe,B., Valdex-Menchaca,M., & Caulfield,M., (1988).Accelerating Language Development Through Picture Book Reading. Developmental Psychology,24(4), 552-559.三、文本部分徐賢(2010)。張琪惠(譯)。《眼淚海》。臺北:三之三出版社。齋藤隆介(2001)。林真美(譯)。《魔奇魔奇樹》。臺北:和英出版社。蔡兆倫(2012)。看不見。臺北:小兵。Cheli Durán Ryan,(1992).林良(譯)。《討厭黑夜的席奶奶》。臺北:遠流出版社。Chris Rashka,(2007).Yo!Yes? New York: Scholastic Inc.Norman Jung,(2001).高玉菁(譯)。《第五個》。臺北:三之三出版社。Tomi Ungerer,(2003).張劍鳴(譯)。《三個強盜》。臺北:上誼出版社。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
幼兒教育所
102157003資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102157003 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 幸曼玲 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Shing, Man Ling en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李婉禎 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Li, Wan Chen en_US dc.creator (作者) 李婉禎 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Li, Wan Chen en_US dc.date (日期) 2016 en_US dc.date.accessioned 3-Aug-2016 10:46:28 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 3-Aug-2016 10:46:28 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Aug-2016 10:46:28 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102157003 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/99658 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 幼兒教育所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102157003 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 繪本中的圖像符號是幼兒閱讀理解的重要因素,但多數教師使用繪本教學時對文本內容大於圖像取向的多,忽略的圖像符號背後的意涵是幼兒往後能自主閱讀的重要因素。因此,本研究旨在探討幼教師要如何分析文本中色彩符號的意義,設計合宜且精準的問題以提升幼兒閱讀理解能力。 本研究以行動研究方式針對研究者事先分析六本黑白與彩色、暗色與亮色文本中的色彩符號,並設計此六本文本中色彩隱藏的問題,進一步在閱讀教學歷程中探討幼兒所展現的閱讀理解能力。 透過幼教師文本分析,持續提供不同文本的經驗,引導幼兒站在互文的角度解讀文本,使幼兒對文本產生自主閱讀的樂趣。幼兒閱讀理解能力共分為三個層次,越高的層次能力需建構在越低的層次中:1.第一層次:多數幼兒提升覺察圖像的細節能力,對圖像細節有所關注形塑成有意義的故事內容,但少數認知能力較弱的幼兒需教師鷹架學習。2.第二層次:幼兒觀察到圖像細節後,能自主產生對舊經驗不合理的疑問,亦或是能連結圖像之間關聯性,推論圖像因果關係,文本分析後教師亦能提出更精準問題強化幼兒的疑問及推論。3.第三層次:幼兒能透過自己的語言解釋形成意義,重建圖像背後的意涵,理解圖像背後一層的意義,目前教師引導部分較多,未來期望能將閱讀學習責任轉移到幼兒,以幼兒自己本身的角度為中心去感受文學的力量。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The picture symbols in picture books are an important factor of reading comprehension in early childhood. However, most teachers emphasize the content in the picture books more than the pictures when teaching. Ignoring the meaning behind the symbol of a picture is an important factor which can affect children’s capabilities to read independently in the future. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore how the teachers can analyze the meanings behind the color symbols in picture books, and design appropriate and precise questions to enhance early childhood reading comprehension. The study is an action research, and the researcher will analyze black and white; dark and bright color symbols in advance in six texts. The researcher will also design hidden color problems to further explore the reading comprehension exhibited by children in the course of storytelling activities. The teacher’s effort allows children to find joy when reading independently by analyzing texts, providing experiences from different texts constantly and guiding children to understand the texts comprehensively. The comprehension of early childhood reading can be divided into three levels. The capabilities of higher levels are based on the capabilities of the lower levels:1.The first level: In this level, for the majority of children, the capabilities of sensing the image details; noticing and shaping the image details into a meaningful story are enhanced in this level. However, a few children with weak cognitions need the teacher to give scaffolding instructions.2.The second level: In this level, children can independently doubt the previous experience which is unreasonable; make connections and find the consequential relationships between images when observing the image details. Teachers can propose more precise questions which strengthens children`s capabilities of questioning and inferring after analyzing the text. 3.The third level: In this level, children can explain the formations of meanings through their own languages; rebuild and understand the meanings behind the images. Teachers guide more in this phase and it is expected that children can sense the power of literature by themselves and teachers can transfer the reading responsibilities to children in the future. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機 1第二節 研究目的與問題 4第三節 名詞釋義 4第四節 研究範圍與限制 5第二章 文獻探討 7第一節 閱讀理論 7第二節 閱讀教學理論 10第三節 幼兒閱讀行為的發展 13第四節 閱讀理解的心理歷程 15第五節 文本分析 18第六節 閱讀理解相關之實徵研究 25第三章 研究方法 30第一節 行動研究的緣由 30第二節 研究現場的情境脈絡 31第三節 研究歷程 39第四節 建立研究信實度 52第五節 研究倫理 52第四章 研究結果與討論 53第一節 文本分析後的文本提問 53第二節 實施過程中的發現與修正 62第三節 幼兒閱讀理解能力學習成效 101第四節 研究者省思 121第五章 結論與建議 125第一節 結論 125第二節 建議 127參考文獻 129附錄一 家長同意書 133 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3921647 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102157003 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 閱讀理解 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文本分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) reading comprehension en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) text analysis en_US dc.title (題名) 幼教師的文本分析與幼兒閱讀理解能力關聯之行動研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) An Action Research for the Relationship between Preschool Teachers` Textual Analysis and Children’s Reading Comprehension Abilities en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分伍書黎(2010)。三到四歲幼兒與研究者共讀及個別閱讀圖畫書之回應(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺北教育大學,幼兒與家庭教育研究所,臺北。谷瑞勉(2006)。幼稚園班級經營--反省性研究者的思考與行動(2版)。臺北:心理出版社。谷瑞勉(2010)。幼兒文學與教學。臺北:心理出版社。幸佳慧(2000)。兒童圖畫故事書的藝術散步-藝術風格介紹,美育,113,19-30。幸曼玲(2008)。閱讀的心理歷程與閱讀教學。研究者天地,154,4-8。林真美(2010)。繪本之眼。臺北:天下雜誌。施淑芬(2010)。以師生共讀方案提升幼兒語言能力之行動研究(未出版之碩士論文)。臺北市立大學,幼兒教育研究所,臺北。柯華葳(2006)。教出閱讀力:培養孩子堅實的閱讀力,打開學習之門。臺北:天下雜誌。洪月女(2009)。以古德曼的閱讀理論探討中英文閱讀之異同。新竹教育大學人文社會學報,3,87-114。孫秀蕙、陳儀芬(2011)。結構符號學與傳播文本-理論與研究實例。臺北:正中書局出版。徐文足(2013)。幼兒園師生共讀主角變形圖畫故事書的歷程 (未出版之碩士論文) 。國立台北教育大學,幼兒教育研究所,臺北。郝廣才(2008)。好繪本如何好。台北:格林文化。張春興(2007)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實踐。臺北:東華書局。張莉莉(2006)。幼稚園研究者圖畫書教學歷程中的討論活動分析─以「美德」主題為例(未出版之碩士論文)國立屏東教育大學,教育行政研究所,屏東市。張湘君(1998)。讀者反應理論及其對兒童文學教育的啟示。東師語文學刊,6,285-307。陳盈伶(2002)。幼兒閱讀理解之教學研究(未出版之碩士論文)。臺北市立大學,幼兒教育教學研究所,臺北市。彭懿(2006)。遇見圖畫書百年經典。臺北市:信誼。游美惠(2000)。內容分析、文本分析與論述分析在社會研究的運用。調查研究方法與應用,8,5-42。黃瑞琴(1989)。質的幼兒教育研究-省思和舉隅。國民教育,30,10-20。黃瑞琴(1993)。幼兒的語文經驗。臺北:五南。黃瑞琴(1994)。質的教育研究方法。臺北:心理出版社。黃瑞琴(1996)。幼兒讀寫萌發課程。台北:五南。蔡清田(2000)。教育行動研究。臺北:五南。鄭春蕓、邱美虹(1994)。閱讀理解的推論形式與研究方法。嘉義師院學報,8,289-309。二、英文部分Bang,M. 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