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題名 台灣資通訊品牌企業面臨PE及NPE專利訴訟風險之比較分析—從動態競爭AMC的觀點
The Comparative Analysis of Patent Litigation Risks Facing by Taiwan ICT Brand Enterprises from Their Practicing Entities (PEs) and Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs) Competitors–from the AMC perspective of Competitive Dynamics
作者 唐與菁
Tang, Yu Ching
貢獻者 許牧彥
Hsu, Mu Yen
唐與菁
Tang, Yu Ching
關鍵詞 專利訴訟
競爭型實施事業體
非實施事業體
動態競爭
Patent Litigation
Competitive Practicing Entities (cPEs)
Non-practicing Entities (NPEs)
Competitive Dynamics
日期 2016
上傳時間 2-Sep-2016 01:28:25 (UTC+8)
摘要 台灣廠商在全球NPEs (Non-practicing entities)戰爭中無法置身事外。但對於國內絕大多數品牌企業而言，專利平常監控的對象多停留在有產品市場競爭的對手企業。當國內企業對於NPEs的攻擊陌生且交手經驗薄弱的情況下，以外銷為主的台灣品牌廠商一旦被NPEs發動攻擊，敗訴賠償及因侵權而重創的品牌形象恐難以估計。有鑑於此，本研究從台灣品牌商PEs (Practicing entities)角度出發，試圖探討原本就在產品上具競爭關係的國際大廠PEs，和精通專利遊戲規則但台廠較未接觸NPEs，發動專利訴訟的傾向或風險有何差異？並以客觀的數據進行實證研究。研究結果指出，同樣身為產品製造商，若要對其他競爭公司採取訴訟手段時，應透過交易移轉自身專利給中介商操盤(中介商可以是NPE或其他不在產品競爭領地的企業)，會比自己直接發動訴訟承擔的風險更低。從動態競爭觀點來看，若我方為國內品牌廠商，當發現市場競爭廠商的專利出現轉入NPE事件時，必須更加醒覺地監控NPE動向，因為大廠專利一旦落在NPE手中，對我方發動訴訟的傾向將顯著提升。
Taiwanese manufacturers can’t stay away from the wars caused by global NPEs (Non-practicing entities) anymore. For the majority of domestic enterprises focusing on branding, they monitor and apply data mining of patent maps only at the competitors who are producing real products (herein called the term “practicing entities (PEs)” as opposed to “NPEs”). Since lacking experiences dealing with NPEs’ lawsuit attack, export-oriented domestic manufactures usually lose in lawsuit and their brand image being hurt. The damages are difficult to estimate. In view of this, the aim of this thesis provides an empirical study trying to compare with two kinds of plaintiff launched proceedings initiatively between PE competitors and NPEs being proficient in patent litigations but not familiar to Taiwanese brand enterprises. The study concludes that as a PE in launching litigation, the risk is lower if it transfer its patent to NPE or other PE that is not in the same industry and have them initiate the lawsuit. From the perspective of competitive dynamics, domestic enterprises must be more aware of monitoring NPEs’ activity while patent transaction from PEs to NPEs has been found because NPEs’ motivation to launch proceedings will significant increase.
參考文獻 壹、中文文獻
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貳、英文文獻
1. 2015 NPE Activity Highlights. RPX Corporation. (2016, Jan. 04).
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3. Acacia Research Corporation Form 10-K For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006.
4. Alan C. Marco, Chief Economist (2015, July). The USPTO Patent Assignment Dataset: Descriptions and Analysis. U.S. Patent & Trademark Office.
5. Alan R. Thiele Et Al., THE PATENT INFRINGMENT LITIGATION HANDBOOK 65 (American Bar Association 2011).
6. Brian J. Love, Christian Helmers, Fabian Gaessler, Max Ernicke (2015). Patent Assertion Entities in Europe. Santa Clara Law Digital Commons.
7. Business model and strategy - overview. Acacia 2015 Form 10-K annual report (page 6).
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9. Chen, M. J. (1996). Competitor analysis and interfirm rivalry: toward atheoretical integration. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 100-134.
10. Chen, M.J. and Miller, D. (1994). Competitive Attack, Retaliation and Performance：An Expectancy-Valence Framework. Strategic Management Journal, 15: 85-102.
11. Cornell University Law School. Rule 57. Declaratory Judgment govern the procedure for obtaining a declaratory judgment under 28 U.S.C. §2201. Retrieved from https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcp/rule_57.
12. Daniel Papst (2012 Nov./Dec.). NPEs and Patent Aggregators—New Complementary Business Models for Modern IP Markets. The Licensing Journal.
13. Dennis Crouch (2015 Jan.). Non Practicing Entities in Europe. Retrieved from http://patentlyo.com /patent/2015/01/practicing-entities-europe.html.
14. E. Patrick Ellisen and Daniel T. McCloskey (2009, Oct.). Cost Effective Defense of Patent Infringement Suits Brought by Non-Practicing Entities Intellectual Property & Technology Law Journal. Vol.21 No.10.
15. Executive Office of the President (2013). Patent Assertion and U.S. Innovation. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default /files/docs/patent_ report.pdf.
16. Farhan Mustafa (2013). Apple Patent Acquisitions Fueled by Product Development. Retrieved from http://patentvue.com/2013/02/22/506-apple-patent-acquisitions-fueled-by-product-development/
17. Federico Caviggioli, Elisa Ughetto (2016). Buyers in the patent auction market: Opening the black box of patent acquisitions by non-practicing entities. Technological Forecasting & Social Change 104 (2016) 122–132.
18. Geradin, Damien, Layne-Farrar, Anne, & Padilla, A. Jorge. (2012). Elves or Trolls? The role of non-practicing patent owners in the innovation economy. Industrial and Corporate Chang, 21(1).
19. James Bessen and Michael J. Meurer (2014, Jan.). The Direct Costs from NPE Disputes. Cornell Law Review, 99(2).
20. Keller, K. L (1993), Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity. Journal of Marketing, Vol.57, No.1.
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參、網路資料
1. ACCESS PressRelease (2011.03). ACCESS CO., LTD. and Acacia Subsidiary License Smartphone Technology to Samsung. Retrieved from https://gl.access-company.com/news_event/archives/2011/20110307_lictosamsung/.
2. Christopher D. Menconi (2007), Operating company or investment company: what would a reasonable investor think? Retrieved from http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/15285810710839462
3. Colleen Chien (2012, Dec.). FTC/DOJ Hearing on Patent Assertion Entities:Patent Assertion Entities. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2187314
4. Intellectual Ventures 2016 official website. Retrieved from http://www.intellectualventures.com/about/funds/
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8. PatentFreedom: Latest NPE Litigation Activity Update (2014). Retrieved from http://info.articleone partners.com/patentfreedom-latest-npe-litigation-activity-update/
9. RPX Acquires PatentFreedom (June 23, 2014 /PRNewswire). Retrieved from http://ir.rpxcorp.com/ releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=855877.
10. RPX Rational Patent (2014, May 12). RPX Launches Free Search Engine for All Patent, Litigation, and Entity Information. Retrieved from http://ir.rpxcorp.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=847097.
11. Steve Kovach (2016).These are the signs Apple is working on the next major computing platform. Retrieved from http://www.techinsider.io/apple-ar-and-vr-acquisitions-2016-1.
12. Thomson Innovation付費專利資料庫與USPTO Assignment資料庫對Assignment data收錄差異。取自http://www.thomsoninnovation.com/tip-innovation/support/help/index.htm.
13. WARF helps steward the cycle of research, discovery, commercialization and investment for the University of Wisconsin and and the Morgridge Institute for Research. Retrieved from http://www.warf.org/about-us/mission-vision/vision-mission-purposes.cmsx.
14. 王尹軒(2004)。甚麼是智慧手機。iThome新聞。取自http://www.ithome.com.tw/node/25920
15. 吳碧娥(2014)。台灣企業與NPE合作可行嗎？北美智權報第121期。取自http://www.naipo.com/Portals/1/web_tw/Knowledge_Center/Industry_Economy/publish-307.htm
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17. 品牌企業。MBA智庫百科。取自http://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E5% 93%81%E7%89%8C% E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A.
18. 財政部稅務入口網站－財政部財稅資訊中心。取自http://www.fia.gov.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=668&CtUnit=9&BaseDSD=1&mp=1.
19. 黃蘭閔(2012.05)。美國AIA系列修法：PTAB審理程序修法提案。取自http://www.naipo.com/Portals/1/web_tw/Knowledge_Center/Laws/US-45.htm.
20. 遠見雜誌。2015年11月6日出版。全球品牌價值調查權威機構 Interbrand 點出台灣品牌發展關鍵字。取自https://www.branding-taiwan.tw /brand_article/brand_more?id=91#.V1tgI49OLyQ
21. 潘文俊。全球台商e焦點電子報(第179期)。2011年6月2日出版。品牌企業發展與建立。取自http://twbusiness.nat.gov.tw/epaperArticle.do?id=113213441
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
99359034
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099359034
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許牧彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsu, Mu Yenen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 唐與菁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tang, Yu Chingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 唐與菁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tang, Yu Chingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2016en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2016 01:28:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2016 01:28:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2016 01:28:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0099359034en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/101234-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理與智慧財產研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99359034zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 台灣廠商在全球NPEs (Non-practicing entities)戰爭中無法置身事外。但對於國內絕大多數品牌企業而言，專利平常監控的對象多停留在有產品市場競爭的對手企業。當國內企業對於NPEs的攻擊陌生且交手經驗薄弱的情況下，以外銷為主的台灣品牌廠商一旦被NPEs發動攻擊，敗訴賠償及因侵權而重創的品牌形象恐難以估計。有鑑於此，本研究從台灣品牌商PEs (Practicing entities)角度出發，試圖探討原本就在產品上具競爭關係的國際大廠PEs，和精通專利遊戲規則但台廠較未接觸NPEs，發動專利訴訟的傾向或風險有何差異？並以客觀的數據進行實證研究。研究結果指出，同樣身為產品製造商，若要對其他競爭公司採取訴訟手段時，應透過交易移轉自身專利給中介商操盤(中介商可以是NPE或其他不在產品競爭領地的企業)，會比自己直接發動訴訟承擔的風險更低。從動態競爭觀點來看，若我方為國內品牌廠商，當發現市場競爭廠商的專利出現轉入NPE事件時，必須更加醒覺地監控NPE動向，因為大廠專利一旦落在NPE手中，對我方發動訴訟的傾向將顯著提升。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwanese manufacturers can’t stay away from the wars caused by global NPEs (Non-practicing entities) anymore. For the majority of domestic enterprises focusing on branding, they monitor and apply data mining of patent maps only at the competitors who are producing real products (herein called the term “practicing entities (PEs)” as opposed to “NPEs”). Since lacking experiences dealing with NPEs’ lawsuit attack, export-oriented domestic manufactures usually lose in lawsuit and their brand image being hurt. The damages are difficult to estimate. In view of this, the aim of this thesis provides an empirical study trying to compare with two kinds of plaintiff launched proceedings initiatively between PE competitors and NPEs being proficient in patent litigations but not familiar to Taiwanese brand enterprises. The study concludes that as a PE in launching litigation, the risk is lower if it transfer its patent to NPE or other PE that is not in the same industry and have them initiate the lawsuit. From the perspective of competitive dynamics, domestic enterprises must be more aware of monitoring NPEs’ activity while patent transaction from PEs to NPEs has been found because NPEs’ motivation to launch proceedings will significant increase.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
一、NPEs相較於PEs由訴訟獲取之動機更為強烈 2
二、台灣品牌企業外銷大、營收佳，易成為NPEs覬覦對象 7
第二節 研究目的與問題 11
第三節 研究定位與流程 13
一、研究定位 13
二、研究流程 14
第貳章 文獻探討 16
第一節 NPES簡介與其商業模式最新發展趨勢 16
一、PEs與NPEs定義及特性差異 18
二、NPEs商業模式最新發展 18
三、NPEs文獻整理 27
第二節 美國專利訴訟制度與行政程序最新現況 32
第三節 動態競爭AMC觀點 36
一、從動態競爭觀點觀察市場共通性/資源相似性 36
二、競爭性行為(行動-回應)之驅動因子: AMC三環透視法 38
第參章 研究方法 41
第一節 研究假設 41
第二節 資料來源與分類 43
第三節 研究限制 46
第四節 個案分析挑選 47
一、智慧型手機產業 47
二、電腦產業 48
第肆章 資料分析 52
第一節 概念名詞的定義 52
第二節 操作性分析流程 56
一、智慧型手機產業: 數據分析與收斂流程 56
二、智慧型手機產業: 機率計算模型 66
三、小結 70
第三節 原告訴訟發生機率與台廠反擊之量化結果 73
一、智慧型手機產業：NPEs與cPEs提告宏達電的訴訟發生機率 73
二、筆記型電腦產業: 數據分析與訴訟發生機率 77
三、宏達電以多方複審反擊NPEs及cPEs之量化結果 81
四、宏碁及華碩以多方複審反擊NPEs及cPEs之量化結果 82
第伍章 假設的驗證與討論 83
第陸章 研究結論與建議 97
第一節 研究發現與討論 97
第二節 後續研究建議 101
第柒章 附錄 102
參考文獻 104		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4424452 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099359034en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 專利訴訟zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 競爭型實施事業體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 非實施事業體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動態競爭zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Patent Litigationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Competitive Practicing Entities (cPEs)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Non-practicing Entities (NPEs)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Competitive Dynamicsen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣資通訊品牌企業面臨PE及NPE專利訴訟風險之比較分析—從動態競爭AMC的觀點zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Comparative Analysis of Patent Litigation Risks Facing by Taiwan ICT Brand Enterprises from Their Practicing Entities (PEs) and Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs) Competitors–from the AMC perspective of Competitive Dynamicsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 壹、中文文獻
1. 吳佳玲(2013)。美國專利訴訟制度與NPE之研究-以NPE對HTC之影響為中心。南台科技大學碩士論文。
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貳、英文文獻
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參、網路資料
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