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題名 身分認同、觀感和社會融合: 以西班牙穆斯林移民為例
Identity, Perception and Integration: A Case Of Muslim Immigrants in Spain作者 馬馨怡
Ma, Shing Yi貢獻者 卓忠宏
Cho, Chung Hung
馬馨怡
Ma, Shing Yi關鍵詞 身分認同
社會融合
建構主義
穆斯林移民
社會觀感
Identity
integration
constructivism
Muslim immigrants
perception日期 2016 上傳時間 2-Sep-2016 01:31:24 (UTC+8) 摘要 現今科技的進步和全球化，人們能更容易且迅速地遷移到不同的地方。移民遷移國外不難，但要適應居住國不同的文化、種族、宗教、歷史背景和社會融合就因人而異。身分認同是社會融合中重要的因素，而社會融合的困難與挑戰則可以從歐洲公民的態度、穆斯林移民的自我身分認同、對於移民的觀感和刻板印象中觀察出。論文藉由和西班牙穆斯林移民的實地訪談，試圖了解這些移民在社會融合的過程以及挑戰。許多學者認為穆斯林移民在社會的代表性較差，以及其認同常常遭受許多歧視和誤解。其他學者並不認為西班牙移民威脅到國家認同，因為移民在社會中缺乏能見度。然而，近年來歐洲經濟危機和恐怖攻擊事件導致當地公民對於穆斯林移民的態度有所改變。當穆斯林移民面臨在異鄉的適應和社會融合的困難中，他們或許會選擇從當地社會中分離並組成自我的社會群體，或選擇融入當地社會而失去自己的身分認同。如果穆斯林移民能夠被當地社群和政府接受，或許會更容易融入社會。關鍵字: 身分認同、社會融合、建構主義、穆斯林移民、社會觀感。
It is easier and faster for people to move to different places nowadays with the advanced development of technology and globalization. Although it is easy to move to foreign countries, it is difficult for immigrants to adapt and integrate into a society with distinct cultures, ethnicities, religious and historical background. Identity can be seen as an important factor during the process of integration. From the attitudes of European citizens, self-identification of Muslim immigrants, perceptions and stereotypes imposed toward the immigrants, the difficulties and challenges of integration into the society can easily be observed.The researcher propose to conduct interviews with Muslim immigrants living in Spain to see their perspectives of the process of integration and the challenges they faced. Many scholars believed that the Muslim immigrants were not represented in the society and often face many discriminations and misunderstandings due to their identity. For other scholars, immigration in Spain is not perceived to be a threat to national identity because of the lack of visibility of immigrants. However, with recent event of terrorist attacks and the economic crisis, the attitudes of local citizens are becoming less tolerant toward Muslim immigrants. When Muslim immigrants face difficulties of adaptation and integration into the foreign society, they would become segregated and form their own social group; or they would assimilate into the foreign country and lose their identity. If Muslim immigrants are accepted and welcomed by local communities and the government, they would be able to create a new identity and integrate into the society better. Key words: Identity, integration, constructivism, Muslim immigrants, perception參考文獻 Bibliography(English) Books"Islamophobia in Spain? Political Rhetoric Rather than a Social Fact." In Islamophobia in Western Europe and North America Measuring and Explaining Individual Attitudes., edited by Marc Helbling, by Richard Zapata-Barrero and Juan Díez-Nicólas. Hoboken: Taylor & Francis, 2012.Meer, Nasar. Citizenship, Identity and the Politics of Multiculturalism-The Rise of Muslim Consciousness. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Pickering, Michael. Stereotyping: The Politics of Representation. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001.Wendt, Alexander. Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Zapata-Barrero, Ricardo. "The Muslim Community and Spanish Tradition-Maurophobia as a Fact, and Impartiality as a Desideratum." In Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship-An European Approach. Routledge: Taylor and Fracis Group, 2006.Journal ArticlesArango, Joaquin. "Exceptional in Europe? Spain`s Experience with Immigration and Integration." 2013. Accessed October 15, 2015. http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/exceptional-europe-spains-experience-immigration-and-integration. Dietz, Gunther. "Frontier Hybridisation or Culture Clash? Transnational Migrant Communities and Sub-national Identity Politics in Andalusia, Spain." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30, no. 6 (2004): 1087-112.Empez Vidal, Núria. "Social Construction of Neglect: The Case of Unaccompanied Minors from Morocco to Spain." February 1, 2007. Accessed October 15, 2015. http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2007-007.pdf.Nachmani, Amikam. Europe and Its Muslim Minorities-Aspects of Conflict, Attempts at Accord. Sussex Academic Press, 2009.Oxford Journals. Accessed June 28, 2016. http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/tropej/online/ce_ch14.pdf Sides, John, and Jack Citrin. European Opinion about Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information. Cambridge University Press, 2007.Web sources"Jamal Zougam: Madrid Bomb Suspect." March 18, 2004. Accessed November 10, 2015. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3515790.stm."Population and Housing Censuses 2011." December 14, 2012. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np756_en.pdf."United Nations, Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, UN, Secretary, General." UN News Center. October 3, 2013. Accessed December 3, 2015. http://www.un.org/sg/statements/index.asp?nid=7175. (Spanish)"Ciudadanos De Otros Estados." Secretaría General De Inmigración Y Emigración. Portal De La Inmigración. Accessed December 7, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/InformacionInteres/InformacionProcedimientos/Ciudadanosnocomunitarios/."Concesiones De Nacionalidad Española Por Residencia." Secretaría General De Inmigración Y Emigración. Portal De La Inmigración. Accessed December 7, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/Estadisticas/operaciones/concesiones/index.html."Ley 14/2013." Accessed December 1, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/normativa/nacional/movilidad_internacional/documentos/Ley_14_2013_consolidada.pdf."Ley 19/2015, De 13 De Julio, De Medidas De Reforma Administrativa En El ámbito De La Administración De Justicia Y Del Registro Civil." 2015. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2015-7851."Ley Orgánica 4/2000, De 11 De Enero, Sobre Derechos Y Libertades De Los Extranjeros En España Y Su Integración Social." Accessed December 1, 2015. http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/ServiciosAlCiudadano/InformacionParaExtranjeros/Documents/LEY ORGÁNICA 42000 DE 11 DE ENERO.pdf. "Los Nuevos Exámenes Para Lograr La Nacionalidad Española: Leyes, Penélope Cruz Y Matemáticas - 20minutos.es." October 1, 2015. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/2569207/0/examenes/nacionalidad/espanola/. "Permisos De Residencia En España." Permisos De Residencia En España. Accessed December 1, 2015. http://www.conpapeles.com/Permisos-de-residencia-pag6.htm."Pruebas Para La Obtención De La Nacionalidad Española. Instituto Cervantes." Pruebas Para La Obtención De La Nacionalidad Española. Instituto Cervantes. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://nacionalidad.cervantes.es/. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)
103862002資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103862002 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 卓忠宏 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Cho, Chung Hung en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 馬馨怡 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Ma, Shing Yi en_US dc.creator (作者) 馬馨怡 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Ma, Shing Yi en_US dc.date (日期) 2016 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2016 01:31:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2016 01:31:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2016 01:31:24 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103862002 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/101247 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103862002 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 現今科技的進步和全球化，人們能更容易且迅速地遷移到不同的地方。移民遷移國外不難，但要適應居住國不同的文化、種族、宗教、歷史背景和社會融合就因人而異。身分認同是社會融合中重要的因素，而社會融合的困難與挑戰則可以從歐洲公民的態度、穆斯林移民的自我身分認同、對於移民的觀感和刻板印象中觀察出。論文藉由和西班牙穆斯林移民的實地訪談，試圖了解這些移民在社會融合的過程以及挑戰。許多學者認為穆斯林移民在社會的代表性較差，以及其認同常常遭受許多歧視和誤解。其他學者並不認為西班牙移民威脅到國家認同，因為移民在社會中缺乏能見度。然而，近年來歐洲經濟危機和恐怖攻擊事件導致當地公民對於穆斯林移民的態度有所改變。當穆斯林移民面臨在異鄉的適應和社會融合的困難中，他們或許會選擇從當地社會中分離並組成自我的社會群體，或選擇融入當地社會而失去自己的身分認同。如果穆斯林移民能夠被當地社群和政府接受，或許會更容易融入社會。關鍵字: 身分認同、社會融合、建構主義、穆斯林移民、社會觀感。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) It is easier and faster for people to move to different places nowadays with the advanced development of technology and globalization. Although it is easy to move to foreign countries, it is difficult for immigrants to adapt and integrate into a society with distinct cultures, ethnicities, religious and historical background. Identity can be seen as an important factor during the process of integration. From the attitudes of European citizens, self-identification of Muslim immigrants, perceptions and stereotypes imposed toward the immigrants, the difficulties and challenges of integration into the society can easily be observed.The researcher propose to conduct interviews with Muslim immigrants living in Spain to see their perspectives of the process of integration and the challenges they faced. Many scholars believed that the Muslim immigrants were not represented in the society and often face many discriminations and misunderstandings due to their identity. For other scholars, immigration in Spain is not perceived to be a threat to national identity because of the lack of visibility of immigrants. However, with recent event of terrorist attacks and the economic crisis, the attitudes of local citizens are becoming less tolerant toward Muslim immigrants. When Muslim immigrants face difficulties of adaptation and integration into the foreign society, they would become segregated and form their own social group; or they would assimilate into the foreign country and lose their identity. If Muslim immigrants are accepted and welcomed by local communities and the government, they would be able to create a new identity and integrate into the society better. Key words: Identity, integration, constructivism, Muslim immigrants, perception en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract iChapter 1: Introduction j1.1 Historical Background 11.2 Research Motivation 31.3 Research Question and Purpose of Research 41.4 Limitation of Research 51.5 Literature Review 61.5.1 Identity 61.5.2 Integration 91.5.3 Effect of terrorist attacks 121.5.4 Attitudes 131.5.5 Confusion of Identity 151.6 Organization of Thesis Chapters 17Ch. 2: Research Method and Approach 182.1-Theory: Constructivism 182.2 The Others-Perception, image and stereotype 192.4 Research Methodology 20Chapter 3: Analysis of Immigration Policies 233.1 Law 4/2000 233.2 European Union Blue Card Policy 243.3 Residence and Nationality 263.4 Policy Analysis 30Chapter 4: Background of Interviewees 324. 1 Overall Background 324.2 Second-Generation Muslims 334.3 First-Generation Muslims 33Chapter 5: Content and Analysis of Interviews 355.1 Overall Content 355.2 Attitudes towards Spain 355.2.1 Second-Generation Muslims 355.2.2 First-Generation Muslims 375.3 Racism and Islamophobia and Gender Discrimination in society 395.3.1 Second-Generation Muslims 395.3.2 First-Generation Muslims 405.4 Responses to Political Policies and Action of Governments 425.4.1 Second-Generation Muslims 425.4.2 First-Generation Muslims 435.5 Integration and Adaptation in society 445.5.1 Second-Generation Muslims 445.5.2 First-Generation Muslims 455.6 Different identity roles 465.6.1 Second-Generation Muslims 475.6.2 First-Generation Muslims 505.7 Differences between generations 52Chapter 6: Conclusion 566.1 Conclusion 566.2 Implications 58Appendix 1. Questions for Interview 59Appendix 2. Summaries of Interviews 60Interviewee No.1 and No.2 60Interviewee No.3 61Interviewee No. 4 62Interviewee No.5 62Interviewee No.6 64Interviewee No. 7 64Interviewee No. 8 65Interviewee No.9 67Interviewee No. 10 69Interviewee No.11 69Interviewee No. 12 70Interviewee No. 13 70Interviewee No.14 72Interviewee No.15 72Bibliography 74 zh_TW dc.format.extent 958215 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103862002 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 身分認同 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會融合 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 建構主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 穆斯林移民 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會觀感 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Identity en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) integration en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) constructivism en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Muslim immigrants en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) perception en_US dc.title (題名) 身分認同、觀感和社會融合: 以西班牙穆斯林移民為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Identity, Perception and Integration: A Case Of Muslim Immigrants in Spain en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bibliography(English) Books"Islamophobia in Spain? Political Rhetoric Rather than a Social Fact." In Islamophobia in Western Europe and North America Measuring and Explaining Individual Attitudes., edited by Marc Helbling, by Richard Zapata-Barrero and Juan Díez-Nicólas. Hoboken: Taylor & Francis, 2012.Meer, Nasar. Citizenship, Identity and the Politics of Multiculturalism-The Rise of Muslim Consciousness. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Pickering, Michael. Stereotyping: The Politics of Representation. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001.Wendt, Alexander. Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Zapata-Barrero, Ricardo. "The Muslim Community and Spanish Tradition-Maurophobia as a Fact, and Impartiality as a Desideratum." In Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship-An European Approach. Routledge: Taylor and Fracis Group, 2006.Journal ArticlesArango, Joaquin. "Exceptional in Europe? Spain`s Experience with Immigration and Integration." 2013. Accessed October 15, 2015. http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/exceptional-europe-spains-experience-immigration-and-integration. Dietz, Gunther. "Frontier Hybridisation or Culture Clash? Transnational Migrant Communities and Sub-national Identity Politics in Andalusia, Spain." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30, no. 6 (2004): 1087-112.Empez Vidal, Núria. "Social Construction of Neglect: The Case of Unaccompanied Minors from Morocco to Spain." February 1, 2007. Accessed October 15, 2015. http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2007-007.pdf.Nachmani, Amikam. Europe and Its Muslim Minorities-Aspects of Conflict, Attempts at Accord. Sussex Academic Press, 2009.Oxford Journals. Accessed June 28, 2016. http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/tropej/online/ce_ch14.pdf Sides, John, and Jack Citrin. European Opinion about Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information. Cambridge University Press, 2007.Web sources"Jamal Zougam: Madrid Bomb Suspect." March 18, 2004. Accessed November 10, 2015. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3515790.stm."Population and Housing Censuses 2011." December 14, 2012. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np756_en.pdf."United Nations, Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, UN, Secretary, General." UN News Center. October 3, 2013. Accessed December 3, 2015. http://www.un.org/sg/statements/index.asp?nid=7175. (Spanish)"Ciudadanos De Otros Estados." Secretaría General De Inmigración Y Emigración. Portal De La Inmigración. Accessed December 7, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/InformacionInteres/InformacionProcedimientos/Ciudadanosnocomunitarios/."Concesiones De Nacionalidad Española Por Residencia." Secretaría General De Inmigración Y Emigración. Portal De La Inmigración. Accessed December 7, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/Estadisticas/operaciones/concesiones/index.html."Ley 14/2013." Accessed December 1, 2015. http://extranjeros.empleo.gob.es/es/normativa/nacional/movilidad_internacional/documentos/Ley_14_2013_consolidada.pdf."Ley 19/2015, De 13 De Julio, De Medidas De Reforma Administrativa En El ámbito De La Administración De Justicia Y Del Registro Civil." 2015. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2015-7851."Ley Orgánica 4/2000, De 11 De Enero, Sobre Derechos Y Libertades De Los Extranjeros En España Y Su Integración Social." Accessed December 1, 2015. http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/ServiciosAlCiudadano/InformacionParaExtranjeros/Documents/LEY ORGÁNICA 42000 DE 11 DE ENERO.pdf. "Los Nuevos Exámenes Para Lograr La Nacionalidad Española: Leyes, Penélope Cruz Y Matemáticas - 20minutos.es." October 1, 2015. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/2569207/0/examenes/nacionalidad/espanola/. "Permisos De Residencia En España." Permisos De Residencia En España. Accessed December 1, 2015. http://www.conpapeles.com/Permisos-de-residencia-pag6.htm."Pruebas Para La Obtención De La Nacionalidad Española. Instituto Cervantes." Pruebas Para La Obtención De La Nacionalidad Española. Instituto Cervantes. Accessed December 17, 2015. http://nacionalidad.cervantes.es/. zh_TW
