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題名 應用Landsat影像於都市碳吸存效益之分析
Application of Landsat Image in Urban Carbon Sequestration Analysis作者 蔡榮恩
Tsai, Jung En貢獻者 詹進發
Jan, Jihn Fa
蔡榮恩
Tsai, Jung En關鍵詞 碳吸存
植生淨初級生產力
大地衛星
環境變遷
遙測技術
Carbon Sequestration
Net Primary Productivity (NPP)
Landsat
Environmental changes
Remote sensing technology日期 2016 上傳時間 8-Feb-2017 16:46:03 (UTC+8) 摘要 自工業革命後，隨著科技的進步，人口、經濟、醫療技術皆快速發展，也因人類需求的增加而大量燃燒化石燃料，大規模的砍伐熱帶雨林，導致大氣中二氧化碳大量增加，進而衍生溫室效應的發生，甚至造成全球氣候變遷。在全球暖化的狀態下，聯合國氣候變化綱要公約與京都議定書中都明確肯定森林可固定主要溫室氣體二氧化碳，由於森林具備吸收和儲存二氧化碳的能力，其對於生態系統中的碳循環功能扮演重要的角色。若能有效監控森林資源，便能管理溫室氣體，且能提出有效的控管方式。而本研究將應用遙測技術於碳吸存與環境變化的監測，透過美國大地衛星影像（Landsat）進行不同時期與區域之碳吸存的評估，與以往研究之最大差異為可進行大尺度與多時期的碳吸存評估，並且達到經濟、準確、有效提升效率之目標。本研究根據光能利用率（Light use efficiency）為基礎模型，計算2005-2010之植生淨初級生產量（Net Primary Productivity, NPP），且配合不同的研究區域：台北、高雄，進一步探討不同的氣候條件與土地利用的條件下，其差異性對於NPP之影響。成果顯示，在不同環境條件下碳吸存能力受到氣候條件影響最大，且在資料具有缺漏狀態下，依然能反映不同區域之趨勢，雖無法有效評估年總量，但仍可供評估區域性碳吸存能力之趨勢。
Since the industrial revolution, with the rapid progress of science and technology, population, economy, and medical technology also grow rapidly. Because of increased human demand, coupled with burning lots of fossil fuels, and large-scale felling of tropical rain forests, which result in a significant increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and then trigger the greenhouse effect to occur, hence causing global climate change.Under the global warming condition, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol (KC) both clearly affirmed that forests can fix the main greenhouse gas—carbon dioxide. Because forests have the ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide, they plan an important role in carbon cycle function for ecosystem. If we can effectively monitor forest resources, we will be able to manage greenhouse gases, and can come up with effective control methods.In the present study, we will use remote sensing technology to monitor carbon sequestration and environmental changes. Using Landsat images, we assessed carbon sequestration of different time periods and areas. The biggest difference between this study and previous researches is that large-scale and multi-temporal carbon sequestration assessment can be done, and the goals of economic, accurate, and increasing efficiency can be achieved.In this study, the Net Primary Productivity (NPP) of 2005-2010 was calculated based on the light use efficiency model. By comparing the results of different research areas—Taipei and Kaohsiung, the effects of different climatic conditions and land use conditions on NPP was investigated.The results show that, under different environmental conditions, the carbon sequestration capacity is affected the most by climatic conditions. Furthermore, in the absence of data, it still can reflect the trend of different regions. Although not being able to effectively assess the total amount of a year, it still can be used to assess the trend of regional carbon sequestration capacity.參考文獻 王瑞閔，2007，「台灣國有林地森林碳吸存估算方法之探討」，國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院森林環境暨資源學研究所碩士論文：台北。中華民國地區發展學會，2008，「97年度高雄縣農地資源空間規劃計畫｣。朱文泉、潘耀忠、張錦水，2007，「中國陸地植被淨初級生產力遙感估算」，『植物生態學報』，413-424。 江博能、王亞男、梁治文，2010，「臺灣中部地區光臘樹人工林生長量與碳存量之研究」，『臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告』，24(3)：185-194。 李國忠、林俊成、陳麗琴，2000，「台灣杉人工林碳吸存潛力及其成本效益分析」，『臺灣林業科學』，15(1)：115-123。 周廣勝、張新時，1996，「中國氣候-植被關係初探」，『植物生態學』，113-119。 林映儒、鄭智馨、曾聰堯，2011，「台灣平地造林之碳吸存潛能：以長期果園廢耕地與造林地為例」，中華林學季刊，44(4)：567-588。林務局農林航空測量所，2010，「遙測技術在森林健康、生長量與碳吸存之研究」。 林國銓、杜清澤、黃菊美，2010，「光蠟樹人工林碳貯存量和吸存量之估算」，『中華林學季刊』，43(2)：261-276。 林國銓、黃菊美、王巧萍、張乃航，2004，「六龜台灣杉人工林碳和氮的累積和分布」，『臺灣林業科學』，19(3)：225-235。邱志明、唐盛林、鍾智昕、林振榮，2011，「紅檜人工林生物量和不同疏伐策略對二氧化碳吸存之效應」，『中華林學季刊』，44(3)：385-400。邱育慈，2006，「走進低碳社會，台灣準備好了嗎?」，『科學人』，10月：34-40。洪千祐，2014，「以過去發表資料為基礎分析臺灣重要人工林和竹林之碳吸存量」，國立中興大學森林學研究所碩士論文：台中。胡瀞予，2010，「應用MODIS影像數據估測台灣陸域初級生產量」，國立屏東科技大學森林學研究所碩士論文：屏東。陳信宏，2011，「遙測技術於台北市都市綠地之碳吸存監測研究」，中國文化大學景觀學研究所碩士倫文：台北市。 廖宜緯、陳美光、陳羽康、鍾玉龍、吳守從，2011a，「台糖公司屏東縣平地造林碳貯存量調查」，『中華林學季刊』，44(3)：373-383。 廖宜緯、陳美光、陳羽康、鍾玉龍、吳守從，2011b，「應用SPOT衛星影像推估台糖公司屏東縣平地造林碳貯存」，『航測及遙測學刊』，16(2)： 101-113。潘國樑，2009，『遙測學大綱：遙測概念、原理與影像判釋技術 (Vol. 2)』，臺北市: 科技圖書。鄭祈全，2014，「全台國有林淨初及生產力之遙測估算研究」。論文發表於〈第33屆測量及空間資訊研討會〉，國立台灣大學、內政部國土測繪中心：台北，民國103年9月4日至5日。謝漢欽、汪大雄、王慈憶、張鈞媛、邱志明，2011，「應用福衛二號影像與地面樣區資料於光蠟樹平地造林地之碳吸存推估」，『航測及遙測學刊』， 16(2)：79-99。 AGBM, 1997, Kyoto Protocol to The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.Blaney H, F., and Criddle, W. 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Retrieved February 12, 2015, from USGS on the World Wide Web：https://landsat.usgs.gov/filling-gaps-use-scientific-analysisUSGS（U.S. Geological Survey）(2012).SLC-off Products : Background .Retrieved February 12, 2015, from USGS on the World Wide Web： https://landsat.usgs.gov/slc-products-background 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政學系
103257030資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1032570301 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 詹進發 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Jan, Jihn Fa en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蔡榮恩 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tsai, Jung En en_US dc.creator (作者) 蔡榮恩 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tsai, Jung En en_US dc.date (日期) 2016 en_US dc.date.accessioned 8-Feb-2017 16:46:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 8-Feb-2017 16:46:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Feb-2017 16:46:03 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1032570301 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/106453 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 地政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103257030 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自工業革命後，隨著科技的進步，人口、經濟、醫療技術皆快速發展，也因人類需求的增加而大量燃燒化石燃料，大規模的砍伐熱帶雨林，導致大氣中二氧化碳大量增加，進而衍生溫室效應的發生，甚至造成全球氣候變遷。在全球暖化的狀態下，聯合國氣候變化綱要公約與京都議定書中都明確肯定森林可固定主要溫室氣體二氧化碳，由於森林具備吸收和儲存二氧化碳的能力，其對於生態系統中的碳循環功能扮演重要的角色。若能有效監控森林資源，便能管理溫室氣體，且能提出有效的控管方式。而本研究將應用遙測技術於碳吸存與環境變化的監測，透過美國大地衛星影像（Landsat）進行不同時期與區域之碳吸存的評估，與以往研究之最大差異為可進行大尺度與多時期的碳吸存評估，並且達到經濟、準確、有效提升效率之目標。本研究根據光能利用率（Light use efficiency）為基礎模型，計算2005-2010之植生淨初級生產量（Net Primary Productivity, NPP），且配合不同的研究區域：台北、高雄，進一步探討不同的氣候條件與土地利用的條件下，其差異性對於NPP之影響。成果顯示，在不同環境條件下碳吸存能力受到氣候條件影響最大，且在資料具有缺漏狀態下，依然能反映不同區域之趨勢，雖無法有效評估年總量，但仍可供評估區域性碳吸存能力之趨勢。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since the industrial revolution, with the rapid progress of science and technology, population, economy, and medical technology also grow rapidly. Because of increased human demand, coupled with burning lots of fossil fuels, and large-scale felling of tropical rain forests, which result in a significant increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and then trigger the greenhouse effect to occur, hence causing global climate change.Under the global warming condition, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol (KC) both clearly affirmed that forests can fix the main greenhouse gas—carbon dioxide. Because forests have the ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide, they plan an important role in carbon cycle function for ecosystem. If we can effectively monitor forest resources, we will be able to manage greenhouse gases, and can come up with effective control methods.In the present study, we will use remote sensing technology to monitor carbon sequestration and environmental changes. Using Landsat images, we assessed carbon sequestration of different time periods and areas. The biggest difference between this study and previous researches is that large-scale and multi-temporal carbon sequestration assessment can be done, and the goals of economic, accurate, and increasing efficiency can be achieved.In this study, the Net Primary Productivity (NPP) of 2005-2010 was calculated based on the light use efficiency model. By comparing the results of different research areas—Taipei and Kaohsiung, the effects of different climatic conditions and land use conditions on NPP was investigated.The results show that, under different environmental conditions, the carbon sequestration capacity is affected the most by climatic conditions. Furthermore, in the absence of data, it still can reflect the trend of different regions. Although not being able to effectively assess the total amount of a year, it still can be used to assess the trend of regional carbon sequestration capacity. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景 1第二節 研究動機與目的 2一、 研究動機 2二、 研究目的 3第三節 文章架構 4第二章 文獻回顧 7第一節 全球暖化與各國協定 7一、 IPCC與全球暖化 7二、 京都議定書與全球暖化 9第二節 碳吸存相關研究 11一、 森林資源與生態系碳循環 11二、 國內碳吸存相關研究 15第三節 應用遙測於碳吸存之研究 19一、 遙感探測 19二、 淨初級生產力 20三、 光能利用率模型與遙測應用 21第三章 研究材料與方法 29第一節 研究區域 29一、 大台北行政區 29二、 高雄行政區 29第二節 研究資料 30一、 衛星影像 30二、 土地分類資料 34三、 氣象資料 36第三節 研究方法與流程 39一、 最大值合成法 41二、 Landsat 7 ETM+影像填補 42三、 Landsat 衛星影像前處理 44四、 碳吸存遙測估算 48第四章 研究成果 53第一節 土地分類 53一、 土地分類精度 53二、 土地使用分類比較 61第二節 碳吸存與氣象資料 69一、 氣象資料分析 69二、 碳吸存分析 77第五章 結論與建議 89第一節 結論 89一、 半自動化處理 89二、 大台北行政區與高雄行政區土地利用變化 89三、 大台北行政區與高雄行政區氣候條件 90四、 碳吸存整體分析 90第二節 建議 91一、 Landsat影像處理 91二、 碳吸存未來研究方向與整體建議 91參考文獻 93一、 中文參考文獻 93二、 外文參考文獻 95三、 網頁參考文獻 99 zh_TW dc.format.extent 4947239 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1032570301 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 碳吸存 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 植生淨初級生產力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大地衛星 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 環境變遷 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 遙測技術 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Carbon Sequestration en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Net Primary Productivity (NPP) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Landsat en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Environmental changes en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Remote sensing technology en_US dc.title (題名) 應用Landsat影像於都市碳吸存效益之分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Application of Landsat Image in Urban Carbon Sequestration Analysis en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王瑞閔，2007，「台灣國有林地森林碳吸存估算方法之探討」，國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院森林環境暨資源學研究所碩士論文：台北。中華民國地區發展學會，2008，「97年度高雄縣農地資源空間規劃計畫｣。朱文泉、潘耀忠、張錦水，2007，「中國陸地植被淨初級生產力遙感估算」，『植物生態學報』，413-424。 江博能、王亞男、梁治文，2010，「臺灣中部地區光臘樹人工林生長量與碳存量之研究」，『臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告』，24(3)：185-194。 李國忠、林俊成、陳麗琴，2000，「台灣杉人工林碳吸存潛力及其成本效益分析」，『臺灣林業科學』，15(1)：115-123。 周廣勝、張新時，1996，「中國氣候-植被關係初探」，『植物生態學』，113-119。 林映儒、鄭智馨、曾聰堯，2011，「台灣平地造林之碳吸存潛能：以長期果園廢耕地與造林地為例」，中華林學季刊，44(4)：567-588。林務局農林航空測量所，2010，「遙測技術在森林健康、生長量與碳吸存之研究」。 林國銓、杜清澤、黃菊美，2010，「光蠟樹人工林碳貯存量和吸存量之估算」，『中華林學季刊』，43(2)：261-276。 林國銓、黃菊美、王巧萍、張乃航，2004，「六龜台灣杉人工林碳和氮的累積和分布」，『臺灣林業科學』，19(3)：225-235。邱志明、唐盛林、鍾智昕、林振榮，2011，「紅檜人工林生物量和不同疏伐策略對二氧化碳吸存之效應」，『中華林學季刊』，44(3)：385-400。邱育慈，2006，「走進低碳社會，台灣準備好了嗎?」，『科學人』，10月：34-40。洪千祐，2014，「以過去發表資料為基礎分析臺灣重要人工林和竹林之碳吸存量」，國立中興大學森林學研究所碩士論文：台中。胡瀞予，2010，「應用MODIS影像數據估測台灣陸域初級生產量」，國立屏東科技大學森林學研究所碩士論文：屏東。陳信宏，2011，「遙測技術於台北市都市綠地之碳吸存監測研究」，中國文化大學景觀學研究所碩士倫文：台北市。 廖宜緯、陳美光、陳羽康、鍾玉龍、吳守從，2011a，「台糖公司屏東縣平地造林碳貯存量調查」，『中華林學季刊』，44(3)：373-383。 廖宜緯、陳美光、陳羽康、鍾玉龍、吳守從，2011b，「應用SPOT衛星影像推估台糖公司屏東縣平地造林碳貯存」，『航測及遙測學刊』，16(2)： 101-113。潘國樑，2009，『遙測學大綱：遙測概念、原理與影像判釋技術 (Vol. 2)』，臺北市: 科技圖書。鄭祈全，2014，「全台國有林淨初及生產力之遙測估算研究」。論文發表於〈第33屆測量及空間資訊研討會〉，國立台灣大學、內政部國土測繪中心：台北，民國103年9月4日至5日。謝漢欽、汪大雄、王慈憶、張鈞媛、邱志明，2011，「應用福衛二號影像與地面樣區資料於光蠟樹平地造林地之碳吸存推估」，『航測及遙測學刊』， 16(2)：79-99。 AGBM, 1997, Kyoto Protocol to The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.Blaney H, F., and Criddle, W. 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