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題名 政府資料開放關鍵成功因素架構之建構－ 以新北市政府資料開放成效為例
Constructing critical success factors framework for open government data- a case study of open government data implementation in New Taipei City作者 賴盈霖
Lai, Ying-Lin貢獻者 朱斌妤
Chu, Pin-Yu
賴盈霖
Lai, Ying-Lin關鍵詞 數位治理
開放政府
政府資料開放
關鍵成功因素
E-governance
Open government
Open government data
Critical success factors日期 2017 上傳時間 1-Jun-2017 09:53:51 (UTC+8) 摘要 政府資料開放(Open Government Data, OGD)已成為全球電子治理趨勢之一，其帶來開放透明、參與和創新的潛在價值。資料開放幾乎己經是一種不可抵抗的趨勢，資料開放行動不應僅有中央視角，更應緊密聯結於城市規劃，以用於解決城市問題。地方政府推動資料開放政策仍面臨眾多挑戰，採取的行動策略會影響政策推展。為了順利推動並減少阻礙，找出影響地方政府在推動資料開放的關鍵成功因素，是目前地方政府首要思考的課題。是以本研究旨在瞭解政府資料開放政策之成功因素，建構地方政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構雛型。新北市由於其在系統整合的經驗以及資料釋出態度的轉變，故本研究以新北市作為個案，以實務觀點與經驗更為適切地提出政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構。藉由文獻回顧國內外影響政府資料開放的因素，建立政府資料開放關鍵成功因素的初步架構，並以深度訪談方式瞭解新北市政府資料開放政策脈絡，蒐集受訪者對於政府資料開放關鍵成功因素之建議，以此為基礎進行架構的修正。最終本研究提出以政策環境基礎作為支持的政府資料開放循環流程，該流程包括資料開放計畫、資料開放準備、資料開放、資料使用、回饋與檢討等5個階段。針對政府資料開放循環流程中不同階段的目標，每階段下有各自相對應的關鍵因素，共計28項因素的政府資料開放關鍵成功因素架構，並針對各項關鍵因素提出之說明與建議，提供地方政府推動資料開放政策之參考。基於前述研究過程與訪談結果，本研究發現新北市政府推動仍面臨許多挑戰，影響資料開放所帶來的成效不清。這些挑戰來自於政策路徑與規劃、組織管理以及民間溝通與聯結面向，彼此間相互有所關聯，也反映出所需強化之關鍵成功因素。本研究也從新北市推動經驗，提出對地方政府強化資料開放政策之建議，並給予後續研究發展的相關建議。
Open Government Data (OGD) has become one of the main tendencies for E-governance in the world. OGD offers tremendous potential value for transparency, participation and innovation. Open data has almost become an inexorable trend. In addition, Open data initiatives are not only for central government but also local government, and it should be closely linked with city planning and used to solve city issues. However, local government faces many challenges in open data initiatives. Due to the influence on policy implementation from adopting strategies, it is important for local government to find out Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for open data initiatives in order to promote open data initiatives and remove barriers.This article presents a case study of the open data initiatives in the New Taipei City area, where the government has experience with system integration and the rapid release of open data. The main purpose of the research is to explore the phenomenon of empowering through open data at the local level and propose a holistic framework of CSFs for open data which assist the local government identifies the key issues. By reviewing related literatures and conducting interviews, the study proposed a framework of CSFs for open data with five stages (in terms of planning, readiness, disclosure, use and feedback) and resulted in a list of 28 success factors. The ranking of the success factors is taken into account by the order in which they are presented, mapped onto the Open Data Process. Also, the list of success factors might be helpful for local government to have an indication of what they should focus on.Based on the interviews, there are still some barriers need to be overcome and the results of open data remain unclear in New Taipei City. These challenges come from three major facets: policy roadmap, organizational management and civic communication. Besides, these challenges correlate with each other, and they also reflect on the necessity of strengthen CSFs by local government. Based on the experiences from New Taipei City, the final section of the study provides ways of advancing the open data initiatives with recommendations and researcher reflexivity.參考文獻 中文部分CIO IT經理人（2013）。擘劃智慧城市發展藍圖。CIO IT經理人，22(4)。2017年1月7日，取自：http://gov.cio.com.tw/handout_download/1-10.pdf朱斌妤（2016）。政府資料開放績效評估（第一年）。行政院科技部專題研究計畫，未出版。朱斌妤、蕭乃沂（2010）。電子治理績效模型與實證研究。行政院國家科學委員會研究計畫，未出版。行政院研考會（2012）。政府部門資料加值推動策略與挑戰。2016年7月1日，取自：http://goo.gl/NmGUvC吳冠翰（2016）。影響政府資料開放推動因素之探討。國立政治大學公共行政學系碩士論文，未出版。吳肇銘（2014）。Open Mind → Open Data → Open Government 新北市政府推動資料開放之路。Open Data聯盟月刊，5。取自http://www.opendata4tw.org.tw/article_detail.php?id=5&aid=36李治安、林誠夏、莊庭瑞（2014）。政府資料開放的基本原則與相關政策議題。公共治理季刊，1，65-76。胡瑋佳（2014）。基層IT人力不足，開放品質難改善。iThom電腦報專刊，49，70-71。國家發展委員會（2015a）。政府資料開放諮詢小組設置要點。2016年7月6日，取自：http://goo.gl/4pE5xn國家發展委員會（2015b）。政府資料開放進階行動方案。2016年6月15日，取自：http://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=B2A92523DCC12607國家發展委員會（2016）。第五階段電子化政府計畫數位政府（106年至109年）。2016年8月28日，取自：http://goo.gl/1wWa2g陳向明（2002）。社會科學質的研究（初版）。臺北：五南圖書公司。陳舜伶、林珈宏、莊庭瑞（2013）。藏智於民：政府資料開放的原則與現況。台北：中央研究院台灣創用CC計畫。曾正旭（2016）。開放政府之現況與展望。國土及公共治理季刊，4(4)，8-17。項靖、陳曉慧、楊東謀、羅晉（2014）。資料開放及其對政府治理與個人隱私影響之研究。臺北市：國家發展委員會。項靖、楊東謀（2013）。資訊分享與共榮：政府機關資料公開與加值應用。行政院研考會委託研究報告。臺北市：行政院研究發展考核委員會。項靖、楊東謀、羅晉（2014）。政府資料開放加值營運模式之研究。行政院研考會102年度電子治理委外服務計畫案。臺北市：行政院研究發展考核委員會。黃宏義（譯）（1987）。策略家的智慧（原作者：大前研一）。臺北市：長河出版社。（原著出版年：1984）黃東益、朱斌妤、蕭乃沂、李仲彬（2009）。電子治理成效指標與評估：G2C與G2B。行政院研考會委託研究報告。臺北市：行政院研究考核委員會。黃彥棻（2013）。新北市市長朱立倫：善用雲端和行動科技 打造3i智慧城市。2017年1月6日，取自：http://www.ithome.com.tw/article/85447經濟部（2014）。智能新北：全臺引以為鏡。創新樂活電子報，28(5)，18-21。資訊工業策進會（2014a）。主要國家「政府資料開放」機制與作法追蹤觀察報告（一）─美國。2016年7月3日，取自：http://opendata.tca.org.tw/spaw2/uploads/images/Open%20Government%20Data %202014/2014Open%20Government%20Data-U.S.pdf數位時代（2013）。新北市創新市政 優化民眾生活 走在資訊前端 打造智慧城市。智慧城市專刊，1。2017年1月6日，取自：http://edm.bnext.com.tw/citynext/CityNEXT01.pdf潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究：理論與應用。臺北：心理出版社。蕭乃沂、羅晉（2010）。電子化政府的價值鏈評估觀點：以數位台灣e化政府計畫為例。公共行政學報，36，1-37。羅晉、楊東謀、王慧茹、項靖（2014）。政府資料開放的策略與挑戰：使用者觀點的分析。電子商務研究，12(3)，283-300。英文部分Aaker, D. 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Electronic Journal of eGovernment, 10(2), 156-172. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
103256017資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103256017 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 朱斌妤 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chu, Pin-Yu en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 賴盈霖 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lai, Ying-Lin en_US dc.creator (作者) 賴盈霖 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lai, Ying-Lin en_US dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Jun-2017 09:53:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Jun-2017 09:53:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jun-2017 09:53:51 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103256017 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/110152 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103256017 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 政府資料開放(Open Government Data, OGD)已成為全球電子治理趨勢之一，其帶來開放透明、參與和創新的潛在價值。資料開放幾乎己經是一種不可抵抗的趨勢，資料開放行動不應僅有中央視角，更應緊密聯結於城市規劃，以用於解決城市問題。地方政府推動資料開放政策仍面臨眾多挑戰，採取的行動策略會影響政策推展。為了順利推動並減少阻礙，找出影響地方政府在推動資料開放的關鍵成功因素，是目前地方政府首要思考的課題。是以本研究旨在瞭解政府資料開放政策之成功因素，建構地方政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構雛型。新北市由於其在系統整合的經驗以及資料釋出態度的轉變，故本研究以新北市作為個案，以實務觀點與經驗更為適切地提出政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構。藉由文獻回顧國內外影響政府資料開放的因素，建立政府資料開放關鍵成功因素的初步架構，並以深度訪談方式瞭解新北市政府資料開放政策脈絡，蒐集受訪者對於政府資料開放關鍵成功因素之建議，以此為基礎進行架構的修正。最終本研究提出以政策環境基礎作為支持的政府資料開放循環流程，該流程包括資料開放計畫、資料開放準備、資料開放、資料使用、回饋與檢討等5個階段。針對政府資料開放循環流程中不同階段的目標，每階段下有各自相對應的關鍵因素，共計28項因素的政府資料開放關鍵成功因素架構，並針對各項關鍵因素提出之說明與建議，提供地方政府推動資料開放政策之參考。基於前述研究過程與訪談結果，本研究發現新北市政府推動仍面臨許多挑戰，影響資料開放所帶來的成效不清。這些挑戰來自於政策路徑與規劃、組織管理以及民間溝通與聯結面向，彼此間相互有所關聯，也反映出所需強化之關鍵成功因素。本研究也從新北市推動經驗，提出對地方政府強化資料開放政策之建議，並給予後續研究發展的相關建議。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Open Government Data (OGD) has become one of the main tendencies for E-governance in the world. OGD offers tremendous potential value for transparency, participation and innovation. Open data has almost become an inexorable trend. In addition, Open data initiatives are not only for central government but also local government, and it should be closely linked with city planning and used to solve city issues. However, local government faces many challenges in open data initiatives. Due to the influence on policy implementation from adopting strategies, it is important for local government to find out Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for open data initiatives in order to promote open data initiatives and remove barriers.This article presents a case study of the open data initiatives in the New Taipei City area, where the government has experience with system integration and the rapid release of open data. The main purpose of the research is to explore the phenomenon of empowering through open data at the local level and propose a holistic framework of CSFs for open data which assist the local government identifies the key issues. By reviewing related literatures and conducting interviews, the study proposed a framework of CSFs for open data with five stages (in terms of planning, readiness, disclosure, use and feedback) and resulted in a list of 28 success factors. The ranking of the success factors is taken into account by the order in which they are presented, mapped onto the Open Data Process. Also, the list of success factors might be helpful for local government to have an indication of what they should focus on.Based on the interviews, there are still some barriers need to be overcome and the results of open data remain unclear in New Taipei City. These challenges come from three major facets: policy roadmap, organizational management and civic communication. Besides, these challenges correlate with each other, and they also reflect on the necessity of strengthen CSFs by local government. Based on the experiences from New Taipei City, the final section of the study provides ways of advancing the open data initiatives with recommendations and researcher reflexivity. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄 I圖次 II表次 III第一章 緒論 11.1政府資料開放之推展 11.2我國地方政府資料開放之現況 31.3地方政府資料開放關鍵成功因素之重要性 61.4研究目的與問題 71.5研究流程與方法 9第二章 文獻回顧 102.1政府資料開放 102.2影響政府資料開放的因素 172.3政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素 36第三章 研究設計與方法 423.1政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構 423.2個案介紹－新北市政府 463.3深度訪談法與訪談對象之選擇 533.4訪談大綱 55第四章 訪談資料分析 584.1新北市政府資料開放之管理與流程機制 584.2政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素修正架構 664.3新北市政府資料開放發展之挑戰 109第五章 研究結論與建議 1155.1研究結論 1155.2實務建議 1185.3研究限制與後續研究建議 122參考文獻 125附錄一：訪談紀錄整理 131 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2227139 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103256017 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位治理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 開放政府 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政府資料開放 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 關鍵成功因素 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) E-governance en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Open government en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Open government data en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Critical success factors en_US dc.title (題名) 政府資料開放關鍵成功因素架構之建構－ 以新北市政府資料開放成效為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Constructing critical success factors framework for open government data- a case study of open government data implementation in New Taipei City en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分CIO IT經理人（2013）。擘劃智慧城市發展藍圖。CIO IT經理人，22(4)。2017年1月7日，取自：http://gov.cio.com.tw/handout_download/1-10.pdf朱斌妤（2016）。政府資料開放績效評估（第一年）。行政院科技部專題研究計畫，未出版。朱斌妤、蕭乃沂（2010）。電子治理績效模型與實證研究。行政院國家科學委員會研究計畫，未出版。行政院研考會（2012）。政府部門資料加值推動策略與挑戰。2016年7月1日，取自：http://goo.gl/NmGUvC吳冠翰（2016）。影響政府資料開放推動因素之探討。國立政治大學公共行政學系碩士論文，未出版。吳肇銘（2014）。Open Mind → Open Data → Open Government 新北市政府推動資料開放之路。Open Data聯盟月刊，5。取自http://www.opendata4tw.org.tw/article_detail.php?id=5&aid=36李治安、林誠夏、莊庭瑞（2014）。政府資料開放的基本原則與相關政策議題。公共治理季刊，1，65-76。胡瑋佳（2014）。基層IT人力不足，開放品質難改善。iThom電腦報專刊，49，70-71。國家發展委員會（2015a）。政府資料開放諮詢小組設置要點。2016年7月6日，取自：http://goo.gl/4pE5xn國家發展委員會（2015b）。政府資料開放進階行動方案。2016年6月15日，取自：http://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=B2A92523DCC12607國家發展委員會（2016）。第五階段電子化政府計畫數位政府（106年至109年）。2016年8月28日，取自：http://goo.gl/1wWa2g陳向明（2002）。社會科學質的研究（初版）。臺北：五南圖書公司。陳舜伶、林珈宏、莊庭瑞（2013）。藏智於民：政府資料開放的原則與現況。台北：中央研究院台灣創用CC計畫。曾正旭（2016）。開放政府之現況與展望。國土及公共治理季刊，4(4)，8-17。項靖、陳曉慧、楊東謀、羅晉（2014）。資料開放及其對政府治理與個人隱私影響之研究。臺北市：國家發展委員會。項靖、楊東謀（2013）。資訊分享與共榮：政府機關資料公開與加值應用。行政院研考會委託研究報告。臺北市：行政院研究發展考核委員會。項靖、楊東謀、羅晉（2014）。政府資料開放加值營運模式之研究。行政院研考會102年度電子治理委外服務計畫案。臺北市：行政院研究發展考核委員會。黃宏義（譯）（1987）。策略家的智慧（原作者：大前研一）。臺北市：長河出版社。（原著出版年：1984）黃東益、朱斌妤、蕭乃沂、李仲彬（2009）。電子治理成效指標與評估：G2C與G2B。行政院研考會委託研究報告。臺北市：行政院研究考核委員會。黃彥棻（2013）。新北市市長朱立倫：善用雲端和行動科技 打造3i智慧城市。2017年1月6日，取自：http://www.ithome.com.tw/article/85447經濟部（2014）。智能新北：全臺引以為鏡。創新樂活電子報，28(5)，18-21。資訊工業策進會（2014a）。主要國家「政府資料開放」機制與作法追蹤觀察報告（一）─美國。2016年7月3日，取自：http://opendata.tca.org.tw/spaw2/uploads/images/Open%20Government%20Data %202014/2014Open%20Government%20Data-U.S.pdf數位時代（2013）。新北市創新市政 優化民眾生活 走在資訊前端 打造智慧城市。智慧城市專刊，1。2017年1月6日，取自：http://edm.bnext.com.tw/citynext/CityNEXT01.pdf潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究：理論與應用。臺北：心理出版社。蕭乃沂、羅晉（2010）。電子化政府的價值鏈評估觀點：以數位台灣e化政府計畫為例。公共行政學報，36，1-37。羅晉、楊東謀、王慧茹、項靖（2014）。政府資料開放的策略與挑戰：使用者觀點的分析。電子商務研究，12(3)，283-300。英文部分Aaker, D. 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