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題名 支付創新架構之研究
A deconstruction of payment innovation
作者 朱芷嫻
Chu, Chih Hsien
貢獻者 尚孝純
Shang, Siao Chun
朱芷嫻
Chu, Chih Hsien
關鍵詞 支付創新
支付
創新
支付方式
支付系統
Payment innovation
Payment
Innovation
Payment method
Payment system
日期 2017
上傳時間 11-Jul-2017 11:28:48 (UTC+8)
摘要 支付是商業交易活動中很重要的一環，是買家和賣家之間價值的交換。隨著經濟的發展，支付的需求日趨增長，也因此促使支付方式持續地進化發展。從最早的以物易物方式，以商品貨幣作為價值交換的媒介，到現金以錢幣紙幣的形態出現，一直到訊息通訊技術的蓬勃發展，在電腦和網路的普及下發展出許多線上支付的相關創新服務。支付領域經歷了一連串的演進轉變，現代生活中，市場上有非常多支付方式供我們選擇，我們能夠透過簡單的點擊操作快速完成線上付款，也能利用行動裝置輕易的在刷卡機前感應付款，在我們能夠方便快速地完成支付行為的同時，卻對於支付系統背後的實際運作不甚了解。此篇研究希望透過不同種類支付方式的解構來深入探討支付創新。
此篇研究以支付系統的角度建構了由支付活動參與角色所組成的架構圖，架構圖中包含了付款者、收款者、付款者的銀行、收款者的銀行、負責結算與清算的清算所與信用卡公司等角色。透過多重個案分析，研究多個支付服務案例，在架構圖中依步驟流程拆解、呈現其資訊流和金流，了解各種支付方式的實際運作過程，觀察各個支付系統及角色間互動合作的關係。不僅透過多個案例的流程解構與套用來強化、驗證此研究所建立的架構圖，針對每個挑選出的個案也進行深入分析，分別以付款者和收款者的角度，呈現相關關鍵特性包含支付服務的手續費及收款與付款的時間。此外，經過多重個案的深度觀察與解析，此研究也根據支付系統現況提出相關現象的討論。此篇研究提供一個解構支付服務的工具，希望透過多重個案的解析與觀察更深入了解支付創新。
Payment is a crucial part of commercial activity that occurs in our daily lives. As an economy expands, the requirements of payment increase rapidly, which gives rise to the continuous evolvement of various payment methods. We have evolved from a barter system to the use of cash and paper-based payment instruments, to the advent of information communication technology (ICT) which contributes to online payments, along with the creation of many types of innovative payment methods. This process has been a series of innovations in payment domains. Although many payment methods currently exist, there is a limited understanding of how payment systems work and what actually happens when we pay with a single click online or complete the payment in a flash by placing a mobile phone close to a merchant point-of-sale terminal. This study is dedicated to deconstructing various kinds of payment systems to understand payment innovations in depth.
To explore the information flow and cash flow operating in the ecosystem, this study develops a framework for analyzing a payment system based on the literature. The framework consists of a payer and payee who connect through transactions and launch a series of payment processes that include institutions such as the payer’s and payee’s bank, and intermediaries such as a credit card association, a settlement bank, and a clearing house that handles the clearing and settlement process. These components interact and cooperate to fulfill payment activities. The framework, which aims to illustrate the role that each component plays and how complicated payment systems work, is expected to cover all kinds of payment methods. We enhance and verify the framework by applying several cases for traditional and innovative payment methods. With these selected cases, we analyze payment processes between participants and clarify features relating to payment fees and time in respect to payers and payees. Through the observation of multiple cases, we also derive particular facts from the payment operation in the present ecosystem. We hope that the research will offer an instrument to better understand payment systems and provide an in-depth deconstruction and observation for payment innovation.
參考文獻 1. Amundsen, E., & Kalsone, D. (2009). E-payment products and value-added services: Moving towards an innovative European internal market. Danmarks Nationalbank Working Papers, No. 61. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/82323
2. Bemoneyaware. (2012, December 7). Cheque: Clearing Process, CTS 2010. Retrieved from https://www.bemoneyaware.com/blog/cheque-clearing-cts-2010/
3. Berger, A. N., Hancock, D., & Marquardt, J. C. (1996). A framework for analyzing efficiency, risks, costs, and innovations in the payments system. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 28(4), 696-732.
4. BitFury Group (2016, March 15). Digital Assets on Public Blockchains. Retrieved from http://bitfury.com/content/5-white-papers-research/bitfury-digital_assets_on_public_blockchains-1.pdf
5. Chakravorti, S. (2003). Theory of credit card networks: A survey of the literature. Review of Network Economics, 2(2), 50-68.
6. Chang, H. H. (2004). Payment card industry primer. Payment Card Economics Review, 2, 29-46.
7. Chiu, J., & Lai, A. (2007). Modelling payments systems: a review of the literature. Bank of Canada Working Paper, 2007-28. Retrieved from http://www.bankofcanada.ca/2007/04/working-paper-2007-28/
8. Dahlberg, T., Mallat, N., Ondrus, J., & Zmijewska, A. (2008). Past, present and future of mobile payments research: A literature review. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7(2), 165-181.
9. DeGennaro, R. P. (2006). Credit card processing: a look inside the black box. Economic Review, 91(1), 27-42.
10. Douglas, J. L. (2016). New Wine into Old Bottles: Fintech Meets the Bank Regulatory World. North Carolina Banking Inst Journal, 20, 17. Retrieved from http://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncbi/vol20/iss1/6
11. Ebrahimi, A. (2016, January 21). The Complete Guide to Credit Card Processing Rates & Fees. Merchantmaverick. Retrieved from https://www.merchantmaverick.com/the-complete-guide-to-credit-card-processing-rates-and-fees/
12. Francisco, L. C., Francisco, M. L., & Juan, S. F. (2015). Payment Systems in New Electronic Environments: Consumer Behavior in Payment Systems via SMS. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 14(2), 421-449.
13. Gaur, N. (2017). Blockchain – A Platform for Disintermediation. Infocast. Retrieved from http://infocastinc.com/industries/blockchain-a-platform-for-disintermediation/
14. Gibson, J. (2015). The Impact FinTech is having on the Financial Services Industry in Ireland (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin Business School). Retrieved from http://esource.dbs.ie/handle/10788/2906
15. Hendrichs, M. (2015, August 3). Why Alipay is more than just the Chinese equivalent of PayPal. TECHINASIA. Retrieved from https://www.techinasia.com/talk/online-payment-provider-alipay-chinese-equivalent-paypal
16. Kim, Y., Park, Y. J., Choi, J., & Yeon, J. (2015). An Empirical Study on the Adoption of “Fintech” Service: Focused on Mobile Payment Services. Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 114, 136-140.
17. Lo, Y. (2016, May 26). How Does Alipay Make Money? How Does It Make Money?. Retrieved from http://howdoesitmakemoney.com/how-does-alipay-make-money/
18. MasterCard. (2009). The Anatomy of a transaction. Retrieved from http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/docs/The_Anatomy_of_a_Transaction_031309.pdf
19. McKenzie, H. (2012, November 13). The Swedish way to pay: Klarna makes invoicing look good. Pando. Retrieved from https://pando.com/2012/11/13/the-swedish-way-to-pay-klarnas-makes-invoicing-look-good/
20. Metz, C. (2015, February 9). Now You Can Buy Stuff Online Without Paying Up Front. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/2015/09/now-can-buy-stuff-online-without-paying-front/
21. Micu, I., & Micu, A. (2016). Financial Technology (Fintech) and Its Implementation on the Romanian Non-Banking Capital Market. SEA-Practical Application of Science, (11), 379-384.
22. Moore, J. F. (1996). The death of competition: leadership and strategy in the age of business ecosystems. New York: HarperCollins.
23. Mortensen, P. S., & Bloch, C. W. (2005). Oslo Manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD Publication). Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/oslomanualguidelinesforcollectingandinterpretinginnovationdata3rdedition.htm
24. Nagasubramanian, R., & Rajagopalan, S. P. (2012). Payment Gateway-Innovation in Multiple Payments. International Journal of Computer Applications, 59(16), 33-43.
25. Neumann, M. (2016, January 21). Blockchain - Beyond the Buzzword. SlideShare. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/MiguelNeumann2/blockchain-beyond-the-buzzword
26. Olsen, M., Hedman, J., & Vatrapu, R. (2011, June). E-wallet properties. Proceedings of the 2011 10th International Conference on Mobile Business, pp. 158-165. doi: 10.1109/ICMB.2011.48
27. Pandey, T., Krishna, N., Vickers, V., Menezes, A., & Raghavendra, M. (2010). Innovative payment solutions in agricultural value chain as a means for greater financial inclusion. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 23(3), 527-534.
28. Papadimitriou, O. (2009, April 2). How Credit Card Transaction Processing Works: Steps, Fees & Participants. WalletHub. Retrieved from https://wallethub.com/edu/credit-card-transaction/25511/
29. Peltoniemi, M. (2006). Preliminary theoretical framework for the study of business ecosystems. Emergence: Complexity & Organization, 8(1), 10-19.
30. Roy, S., & Sinha, I. (2014). Determinants of Customers’ Acceptance of Electronic Payment System in Indian Banking Sector–A Study. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 5(1), 177-187.
31. Seth, S. (2017, April 28). Venmo: Its Business Model and Competition. Investopedia. Retrieved http://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/010715/venmo-its-business-model-and-competition.asp
32. Silic, M., & Back, A. (2016). What are the Keys to a Successful Mobile Payment System? Case of Cytizi: Mobile Payment System. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 24(3), 1-20.
33. Skinner, C. (2015, June 12). Klarna chameleon: you know something works when it’s copied. Retrieved from http://thefinanser.com/2015/06/klarna-chameleon-you-know-something-works-when-its-copied.html/
34. Smith, K. (2015, May 20). What Happens Behind the Scenes When You Buy Things with Your Phone. Gizmodo. Retrieved from http://gizmodo.com/what-happens-behind-the-scenes-when-you-buy-things-with-1704726941
35. TechnoFunc. (2013, April 12). Banking Operations: Different Types of Payments & Payment Systems. Retrieved from http://www.technofunc.com/index.php/domain-knowledge-2/banking-domain/item/different-types-of-payment
36. Tella, A., & Isah, A. (2011). Predictors of users’ satisfaction with e-payment systems: a case study of staff at the Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Organizacija, 48(4), 272-286.
37. Truong, Q. (2013, March 27). Dwolla. The cost of cash blog. Retrieved from http://sites.tufts.edu/costofcash/2013/03/27/dwolla/
38. UL Transaction Security. (2015, June). Android Pay - Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved from http://industries.ul.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Android-Pay-FAQ.pdf
39. Sachs, G. (2014). All about Bitcoin. (Global Macro Research Issue 21). Retrieved from http://www.paymentlawadvisor.com/files/2014/01/GoldmanSachs-Bit-Coin.pdf
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
104356005
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104356005
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 尚孝純zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Shang, Siao Chunen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 朱芷嫻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chu, Chih Hsienen_US
dc.creator (作者) 朱芷嫻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chu, Chih Hsienen_US
dc.date (日期) 2017en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Jul-2017 11:28:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Jul-2017 11:28:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Jul-2017 11:28:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104356005en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/110796-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104356005zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 支付是商業交易活動中很重要的一環，是買家和賣家之間價值的交換。隨著經濟的發展，支付的需求日趨增長，也因此促使支付方式持續地進化發展。從最早的以物易物方式，以商品貨幣作為價值交換的媒介，到現金以錢幣紙幣的形態出現，一直到訊息通訊技術的蓬勃發展，在電腦和網路的普及下發展出許多線上支付的相關創新服務。支付領域經歷了一連串的演進轉變，現代生活中，市場上有非常多支付方式供我們選擇，我們能夠透過簡單的點擊操作快速完成線上付款，也能利用行動裝置輕易的在刷卡機前感應付款，在我們能夠方便快速地完成支付行為的同時，卻對於支付系統背後的實際運作不甚了解。此篇研究希望透過不同種類支付方式的解構來深入探討支付創新。
此篇研究以支付系統的角度建構了由支付活動參與角色所組成的架構圖，架構圖中包含了付款者、收款者、付款者的銀行、收款者的銀行、負責結算與清算的清算所與信用卡公司等角色。透過多重個案分析，研究多個支付服務案例，在架構圖中依步驟流程拆解、呈現其資訊流和金流，了解各種支付方式的實際運作過程，觀察各個支付系統及角色間互動合作的關係。不僅透過多個案例的流程解構與套用來強化、驗證此研究所建立的架構圖，針對每個挑選出的個案也進行深入分析，分別以付款者和收款者的角度，呈現相關關鍵特性包含支付服務的手續費及收款與付款的時間。此外，經過多重個案的深度觀察與解析，此研究也根據支付系統現況提出相關現象的討論。此篇研究提供一個解構支付服務的工具，希望透過多重個案的解析與觀察更深入了解支付創新。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Payment is a crucial part of commercial activity that occurs in our daily lives. As an economy expands, the requirements of payment increase rapidly, which gives rise to the continuous evolvement of various payment methods. We have evolved from a barter system to the use of cash and paper-based payment instruments, to the advent of information communication technology (ICT) which contributes to online payments, along with the creation of many types of innovative payment methods. This process has been a series of innovations in payment domains. Although many payment methods currently exist, there is a limited understanding of how payment systems work and what actually happens when we pay with a single click online or complete the payment in a flash by placing a mobile phone close to a merchant point-of-sale terminal. This study is dedicated to deconstructing various kinds of payment systems to understand payment innovations in depth.
To explore the information flow and cash flow operating in the ecosystem, this study develops a framework for analyzing a payment system based on the literature. The framework consists of a payer and payee who connect through transactions and launch a series of payment processes that include institutions such as the payer’s and payee’s bank, and intermediaries such as a credit card association, a settlement bank, and a clearing house that handles the clearing and settlement process. These components interact and cooperate to fulfill payment activities. The framework, which aims to illustrate the role that each component plays and how complicated payment systems work, is expected to cover all kinds of payment methods. We enhance and verify the framework by applying several cases for traditional and innovative payment methods. With these selected cases, we analyze payment processes between participants and clarify features relating to payment fees and time in respect to payers and payees. Through the observation of multiple cases, we also derive particular facts from the payment operation in the present ecosystem. We hope that the research will offer an instrument to better understand payment systems and provide an in-depth deconstruction and observation for payment innovation.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents ABSTRACT II
FIGURES VI
TABLES VI
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 7
1.1 Research Background 7
1.2 Research Motivation 8
1.3 Research Objectives 9
1.4 Research Process 10
CHAPTER 2: PAYMENT SYSTEM 12
2.1 Traditional Payments 12
2.2 Innovative Payments 14
2.3 A Payment System Framework 21
2.3.1 Participants in a Payment System 23
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 26
3.1 Research Approach 26
3.2 Data Collection 27
3.3 Data Analysis 30
CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS 32
4.1 Traditional Payment Processes 32
4.1.1 Check 32
4.1.2 Credit Card 36
4.2 Innovative Payment Processes 42
4.2.1 Android Pay 42
4.2.2 Venmo 47
4.2.3 Klarna 51
4.2.4 Dwolla 56
4.2.5 Alipay 61
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 67
5.1 Payment Innovation 67
5.2 De-banking 71
5.3 Re-banking 74
5.4 Influences on payers and payees 77
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 81
6.1 Research Summary 81
6.2 Research Contribution 81
6.3 Limitation and Future Research 82
REFERENCES 84
APPENDIX 1 88
APPENDIX 2 91
APPENDIX 3 94
APPENDIX 4 96		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1750210 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104356005en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支付創新zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支付zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支付方式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支付系統zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Payment innovationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Paymenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Innovationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Payment methoden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Payment systemen_US
dc.title (題名) 支付創新架構之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A deconstruction of payment innovationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Amundsen, E., & Kalsone, D. (2009). E-payment products and value-added services: Moving towards an innovative European internal market. Danmarks Nationalbank Working Papers, No. 61. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/82323
2. Bemoneyaware. (2012, December 7). Cheque: Clearing Process, CTS 2010. Retrieved from https://www.bemoneyaware.com/blog/cheque-clearing-cts-2010/
3. Berger, A. N., Hancock, D., & Marquardt, J. C. (1996). A framework for analyzing efficiency, risks, costs, and innovations in the payments system. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 28(4), 696-732.
4. BitFury Group (2016, March 15). Digital Assets on Public Blockchains. Retrieved from http://bitfury.com/content/5-white-papers-research/bitfury-digital_assets_on_public_blockchains-1.pdf
5. Chakravorti, S. (2003). Theory of credit card networks: A survey of the literature. Review of Network Economics, 2(2), 50-68.
6. Chang, H. H. (2004). Payment card industry primer. Payment Card Economics Review, 2, 29-46.
7. Chiu, J., & Lai, A. (2007). Modelling payments systems: a review of the literature. Bank of Canada Working Paper, 2007-28. Retrieved from http://www.bankofcanada.ca/2007/04/working-paper-2007-28/
8. Dahlberg, T., Mallat, N., Ondrus, J., & Zmijewska, A. (2008). Past, present and future of mobile payments research: A literature review. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7(2), 165-181.
9. DeGennaro, R. P. (2006). Credit card processing: a look inside the black box. Economic Review, 91(1), 27-42.
10. Douglas, J. L. (2016). New Wine into Old Bottles: Fintech Meets the Bank Regulatory World. North Carolina Banking Inst Journal, 20, 17. Retrieved from http://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncbi/vol20/iss1/6
11. Ebrahimi, A. (2016, January 21). The Complete Guide to Credit Card Processing Rates & Fees. Merchantmaverick. Retrieved from https://www.merchantmaverick.com/the-complete-guide-to-credit-card-processing-rates-and-fees/
12. Francisco, L. C., Francisco, M. L., & Juan, S. F. (2015). Payment Systems in New Electronic Environments: Consumer Behavior in Payment Systems via SMS. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 14(2), 421-449.
13. Gaur, N. (2017). Blockchain – A Platform for Disintermediation. Infocast. Retrieved from http://infocastinc.com/industries/blockchain-a-platform-for-disintermediation/
14. Gibson, J. (2015). The Impact FinTech is having on the Financial Services Industry in Ireland (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin Business School). Retrieved from http://esource.dbs.ie/handle/10788/2906
15. Hendrichs, M. (2015, August 3). Why Alipay is more than just the Chinese equivalent of PayPal. TECHINASIA. Retrieved from https://www.techinasia.com/talk/online-payment-provider-alipay-chinese-equivalent-paypal
16. Kim, Y., Park, Y. J., Choi, J., & Yeon, J. (2015). An Empirical Study on the Adoption of “Fintech” Service: Focused on Mobile Payment Services. Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 114, 136-140.
17. Lo, Y. (2016, May 26). How Does Alipay Make Money? How Does It Make Money?. Retrieved from http://howdoesitmakemoney.com/how-does-alipay-make-money/
18. MasterCard. (2009). The Anatomy of a transaction. Retrieved from http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/docs/The_Anatomy_of_a_Transaction_031309.pdf
19. McKenzie, H. (2012, November 13). The Swedish way to pay: Klarna makes invoicing look good. Pando. Retrieved from https://pando.com/2012/11/13/the-swedish-way-to-pay-klarnas-makes-invoicing-look-good/
20. Metz, C. (2015, February 9). Now You Can Buy Stuff Online Without Paying Up Front. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/2015/09/now-can-buy-stuff-online-without-paying-front/
21. Micu, I., & Micu, A. (2016). Financial Technology (Fintech) and Its Implementation on the Romanian Non-Banking Capital Market. SEA-Practical Application of Science, (11), 379-384.
22. Moore, J. F. (1996). The death of competition: leadership and strategy in the age of business ecosystems. New York: HarperCollins.
23. Mortensen, P. S., & Bloch, C. W. (2005). Oslo Manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD Publication). Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/oslomanualguidelinesforcollectingandinterpretinginnovationdata3rdedition.htm
24. Nagasubramanian, R., & Rajagopalan, S. P. (2012). Payment Gateway-Innovation in Multiple Payments. International Journal of Computer Applications, 59(16), 33-43.
25. Neumann, M. (2016, January 21). Blockchain - Beyond the Buzzword. SlideShare. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/MiguelNeumann2/blockchain-beyond-the-buzzword
26. Olsen, M., Hedman, J., & Vatrapu, R. (2011, June). E-wallet properties. Proceedings of the 2011 10th International Conference on Mobile Business, pp. 158-165. doi: 10.1109/ICMB.2011.48
27. Pandey, T., Krishna, N., Vickers, V., Menezes, A., & Raghavendra, M. (2010). Innovative payment solutions in agricultural value chain as a means for greater financial inclusion. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 23(3), 527-534.
28. Papadimitriou, O. (2009, April 2). How Credit Card Transaction Processing Works: Steps, Fees & Participants. WalletHub. Retrieved from https://wallethub.com/edu/credit-card-transaction/25511/
29. Peltoniemi, M. (2006). Preliminary theoretical framework for the study of business ecosystems. Emergence: Complexity & Organization, 8(1), 10-19.
30. Roy, S., & Sinha, I. (2014). Determinants of Customers’ Acceptance of Electronic Payment System in Indian Banking Sector–A Study. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 5(1), 177-187.
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