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題名 全球溫室氣體下的減量政策比較：以智利、烏拉圭的二氧化碳排放為例，2000~2015年
Comparing Policies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Case Studies of CO2 Emissions in Chile and Uruguay, 2000~2015.作者 周雅惠
Chou, Ya-Huei貢獻者 張文揚
Chang, Wen-Yang
周雅惠
Chou, Ya-Huei關鍵詞 貿易開放
二氧化碳
智利
烏拉圭
氣候治理
氣候變遷
Trade openness
CO2
Chile
Uruguay
Climate governance
Climate change日期 2017 上傳時間 10-Aug-2017 10:14:58 (UTC+8) 摘要 許多有關氣候議題的現存文獻，歸納用於解釋溫室氣體排放變異的原因，且在「市場開放」與「環境品質」的關聯性產生辯論，但對於貿易開放是否有利於環境治理、降低溫室氣體排放成長率，至今討論仍相對不足。 本文旨在探討拉丁美洲國家在貿易開放程度與二氧化碳排放成長率之關聯。透過比較研究的最大相似法，選定智利、烏拉圭為個案，以人均二氧化碳排放量為環境指標，觀察兩國在2000～2013年的溫室氣體排放趨勢，並針對近年的貿易開放、溫室氣體減量政策做出比較與評估。 本文提出核心假設：當技術效應到達成熟時，貿易開放程度越高，越有利於降低碳排放成長率。以貿易開放程度為自變數，溫室氣體排放成長率為依變數，檢證背景高度相似智利、烏拉圭卻有相異的氣候表現。實證結果顯示，貿易開放程度與溫室氣體排放成長率具有因果關係的假設獲得支持。 本文發現，一國在貿易初步開放時期，對環境容易產生負面影響，但當所得成長到一定程度、技術效應達到相對成熟後，溫室氣體排放成長率將隨之減緩。 參考文獻 郝名瑋（譯）（2009）。智利史（原作者：John L. Rector）。New York City: St. Martin’s Press。（原著出版年： 2005）張文揚，（2014）。 <民主與環境治理 —一個遴選集團理論的解釋>，《台灣 民主季刊》，11(3)，1-39。邱稔壤，（1999）。 <皮諾契時代智利之人權爭議及其發展>，《問題與研究》，38(4), 31-53。葉長城（2008）。〈誰否決？新興市場金融自由化改革的政治分析：智利、南韓與巴西經驗的比較〉，國立政治大學政治學系博士論文，302頁。Abarca, J. A. (2017, May 9). KGHM seeks environmental permit for Sierra Gorda upgrade. BNamericas: https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/mining/kghm-seeks-environmental-permit-for-sierra-gorda-upgrade (Retrieved at May 11, 2017)Ahmed, K. & Long, W. (2012). 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國立政治大學
外交學系
104253013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1042530131 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 張文揚 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chang, Wen-Yang en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 周雅惠 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chou, Ya-Huei en_US dc.creator (作者) 周雅惠 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chou, Ya-Huei en_US dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 10-Aug-2017 10:14:58 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 10-Aug-2017 10:14:58 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-Aug-2017 10:14:58 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1042530131 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/111860 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 外交學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104253013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 許多有關氣候議題的現存文獻，歸納用於解釋溫室氣體排放變異的原因，且在「市場開放」與「環境品質」的關聯性產生辯論，但對於貿易開放是否有利於環境治理、降低溫室氣體排放成長率，至今討論仍相對不足。 本文旨在探討拉丁美洲國家在貿易開放程度與二氧化碳排放成長率之關聯。透過比較研究的最大相似法，選定智利、烏拉圭為個案，以人均二氧化碳排放量為環境指標，觀察兩國在2000～2013年的溫室氣體排放趨勢，並針對近年的貿易開放、溫室氣體減量政策做出比較與評估。 本文提出核心假設：當技術效應到達成熟時，貿易開放程度越高，越有利於降低碳排放成長率。以貿易開放程度為自變數，溫室氣體排放成長率為依變數，檢證背景高度相似智利、烏拉圭卻有相異的氣候表現。實證結果顯示，貿易開放程度與溫室氣體排放成長率具有因果關係的假設獲得支持。 本文發現，一國在貿易初步開放時期，對環境容易產生負面影響，但當所得成長到一定程度、技術效應達到相對成熟後，溫室氣體排放成長率將隨之減緩。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章、緒論 1 第一節、研究背景、動機與重要性 1 第二節、研究設計與研究方法 3 第三節、研究限制 7 第四節、預期研究成果 8 第五節、章節安排 8第貳章、文獻回顧 11 第一節、貿易開放如何影響溫室氣體：辯論 11 第二節、其他影響溫室氣體排放的經濟因素 14 第三節、研究假設 16第參章、國家個案選擇 18 第一節、篩選標準一：政治體制類似，且近10年政治體制相對穩定 18 第二節、篩選標準二：經濟規模、產業結構類似 21 第三節、篩選標準三：經濟自由度 22 第四節、篩選標準四：國家廉政程度 23 第五節、關聯性：貿易開放與人均二氧化碳排放量 24第肆章、個案分析：智利 27 第一節、智利政治經濟發展背景 27 第二節、智利貿易開放程度與溫室氣體排放現狀 33 第三節、智利氣候政策探析及成果 40 第四節、小結 55第伍章、個案分析：烏拉圭 57 第一節、烏拉圭政治經濟發展背景 57 第二節、烏拉圭貿易開放程度與溫室氣體排放現況 61 第三節、烏拉圭氣候政策探析及成果 71 第四節、小結 86第陸章、結論 89 第一節、結論 89 第二節、政策與未來研究建議 91參考文獻 93 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1641098 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1042530131 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 貿易開放 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 二氧化碳 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智利 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 烏拉圭 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 氣候治理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 氣候變遷 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Trade openness en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) CO2 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chile en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Uruguay en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Climate governance en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Climate change en_US dc.title (題名) 全球溫室氣體下的減量政策比較：以智利、烏拉圭的二氧化碳排放為例，2000~2015年 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Comparing Policies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Case Studies of CO2 Emissions in Chile and Uruguay, 2000~2015. en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 郝名瑋（譯）（2009）。智利史（原作者：John L. 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