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題名 工作環境與職場幸福感之關係-主管與工作生活平衡之影響
The relationship between environment and workplace well-being－the effects of supervisor and work-life balance
作者 梁詔涵
貢獻者 林月雲
梁詔涵
關鍵詞 工作環境
職場幸福感
主管作為
工作生活平衡
日期 2017
上傳時間 31-Aug-2017 12:29:53 (UTC+8)
摘要 隨者時代的進步，資訊越來越透明，員工和其家人在衡量一家企業是否成功時，已不僅僅單看財務面，同時也會衡量企業對待員工的方式與工作帶給員工工作時間的影響。許多企業為了能夠招募優秀的人才，與留住優秀的員工，也已經開始正視職場幸福感所能為公司帶來的正面效益。
本研究將以先前學者之研究作為基礎，並將視野聚焦於人資部門所提供的措施與職場幸福感之研究。透過問卷的方式，挑選工作經驗兩年以上者作為受測者，以主管的行為做為干擾變項，衡量其對兩者間關係的影響，並透過質化的方式，找出個人角色與工作角色是如何互相影響。期望透過此篇論文，能找出員工對於挑選企業時所重視的要素，並探討主管該如何協助員工。
本研究主要目的在於探討員工的工作環境與幸福感的關係，並由個人的工作生活平衡與主管作為來探討其如何對工作環境與幸福感的關係造成影響。本研究以員工幸福感為依變數，自變數為整體工作環境，並分析工作生活平衡與主管作為之干擾效果。
本研究針對在職兩年以上的員工進行網路問卷調查，共計收回130份有效問卷。主要使用階層迴歸驗證主要的假設。
結果顯示， 整體工作環境、工作生活平衡、主管作為均與幸福感呈現正向顯著關係，且可顯著預測幸福感。工作生活平衡對整體工作環境與幸福感的交互作用有邊際顯著；主管作為對整體工作環境與幸福感無顯著干擾作用。
參考文獻 一、 中文文獻
1. 林子雯，1996，成人學生多重角色與幸福感之相關研究，國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文，高雄市。
2. 王立璇，2011，，領導才能、決策品質、工作生活品質、身心健康、幸福感、組織競爭力與績效之相關研究，國立政治大學心理學研究所。
3. 景家威，2014，工作生活平衡與幸福感之研究，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所。
4. 溫金豐、崔來意(民90)。高科技公司女性專業人員工作-家庭衝突及工作倦怠之研究：社會支持的效應。管理評論，20(4)，65-91。
5. 王大明、胡敦親（2013），民航機師休閒活動參與、休閒效益、知覺壓力與生活滿意度關係之研究─以長榮航空公司為例，觀光暨餐旅，10（2），93–112。
6. 王俊明、黃堅厚、張景媛（1993），大專學生個人需求量表編製報告，教育心理學報，26，125–144。
7. 李中一（2004），測量工具的效度與信度， 台灣衛誌，23（4），272–281。 李文進、簡伯丞（2002），飛行員之人格特質與生活適應，中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊，16（1），19–26。
8. 林子雯（1996）， 成人學生多重角色與幸福感之相關研究，國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文。
9. 黃堅厚（1976），大學生心理需求的轉變。 測驗年刊，23，46–53。 黃堅厚（1989），我國大學生心理需求轉變的賡續研究， 教育心理學報，22，1–22。



二、 英文文獻
1. Anderson, S.E., Coffey, B.S., & Byerly, R.T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work-family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of Management, 28(6), 787-810.
2. Andrews, F. M., & Withey, S. B. (1976). Social indicators of well-being. New York, NY: Plenum.
3. Argyle, M. (1987). The psychology of happiness. London: Routledge.
4. Argyle, M., Martin, M., & Crossland, J. (1989). Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters. In J. P. Forgas, & J.M.Innes (Eds.), Recent advances in social psychology: An international perspective (pp.189–203). North-Holland: Elsevier.
5. Arthur, M., & Rousseau, D. (1996). The boundaryless career: A new employment principle for a new organizational era. New York: Oxford University Press.
6. Aryee,S., Srinivas, E., & Tan, H. (2005). Rhythms of life: Antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 132–146.
7. Brett J. M. (1997). Family, sex and career advancement. In S. Parasuraman, J.H., Greenhaus (Eds.), Integrating work and family: Challenges and choices for a changing world (pp. 26–37). Quorum: Westport.
8. Buunk, B.P., deJonge, J., Ybema, J.F., deWolff, C.J. (1998). Psychosocial aspects of occupant stress. In P.J.D. Drenth, H. Thierry, & C.J. de Wolff (Eds.) Handbook of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2. Work Psychology (2nd ed., pp. 145-182). Hove, Untied Kingdom: Psychology Press.
9. Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 249–276.
10. Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Wayne, J. H., & Grzywacz, J. G. (2006). Measuring the positive side of the work-family interface: Development and validation of a work-family enrichment scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 131–164.
11. Clark, S.C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/life balance. Human Relations, 53(6), 747-770.
12. Davies, D.R., Matthews, G., & Wong, C.S.K. (1991). Aging and work in C. L. Cooper and I. T. Robertson(Eds.). International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 6, 183-87.
13. Demerouti, E., Taris, T. W., & Bakker, A.B. (2007). Need for recovery, home–work interference and performance: Is lack of concentration the link? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71(2), 204-220.
14. Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 542–575.
15. Diener, E., Scollon, C., Oishi, S., Dzokoto, V., & Suh, M. (2000). Positivity and the construction of life satisfaction judgments: Global happiness is not the sum of its parts. The Journal of Happiness Studies, 1, 159–76.
16. Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302.
17. England, G.W. (1991). The meaning of working in the USA: Recent changes. European Work and Organizational Psychologist, 1(2), 111-124.
18. Eikhof, D. R., Warhurst, C., & Haunschild, A. (2007). Introduction: What work? What life? What balance?: Critical reflections on the work-life balance debate Employee Relations, 29(4), 325–333.
19. Fisher, G. G., Bulger, C. A., & Smith, C. S. (2009). Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14, 441–456.
20. Fisher-McAuley, G., Stanton, J. M., Jolton, J. A., & Gavin, J. (2003). Modeling the relationship between work life balance and organizational outcomes. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology. Orlando, FL.
21. Frone M. R. (2003). Work-Family balance. In J.C. Quick, & L.E. Tetrick (Eds.),Handbook of occupational health psychology, (pp. 143–162). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
22. Frone, M.R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M.L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65-78.
23. Golden, L., & Wiens-Tuers, B. (2006). To your happiness? Extra hours of labor supply and worker well-being. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 382–397.
24. Greenhaus, J., & Allen, T. (2011). Work-family balance: A review and extension of the literature. In J. C. Quick, & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (2nd ed.). (pp. 165-183). Washington, DC US: American Psychological Association.
25. Greenhaus, J., & Beutell, N. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles.Academy of Management Review, 10, 76–88.
26. Greenhaus, J., Collins, K., & Shaw, J. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3),510–531.
27. Greenhaus, J.H., & Powell, G.N. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of work- family enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 72-92.
28. Guest, D. (2002). Perspectives on the study of work-life balance. Social Science Information, 41(2), 255-279.
29. Guest, D.E. (2002). Perspectives in the study of work-life balance. Social Science Information, 41(2), 255-279.
30. Haworth, J. (1997). Work, leisure and well-being. London: Routlege.
31. Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric assessment of an instrument designed to measure work life balance. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 13(1), 85–91.
32. Headey, B., & Wearing, A. (1991). Subjective well-being and coping with adversity.Social Indicators Research, 22, 327–349.
33. Hughes, E. L., & Parkes, K. R. (2007). Work hours and well-being: The roles ofwork-time control and work-family interference. Work & Stress, 21, 264–278.
34. Ip, P. K. (2010). Business ethics and the well-being of nations-Is there a connection?Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 97–110.
35. Ip, P. K. (2009). Developing a concept of workplace well-being for greater China.Social Indicator Research, 91, 59–77.
36. Judge, T.J. & Colquitt, J.A. (2004). Organizational justice and stress: The mediating role of work-family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 395-404.
37. Kalliath, T., Brough, P. (2008). Work-life balance: A review of the meaning of the balance construct. Journal of Management & Organization, 14(3), 323–327.
38. Karatepe, O.M., Sokmen, A., Yavas, V., & Babakus, E. (2010). Work-family conflict and burnout in frontline service jobs: Direct, mediating and moderating effects. Ekonomika a Management, 13(4), 61-73.
39. Kreiner, G.E. (2006). Consequences of work-home segmentation or integration:
A person-environment fit perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(4), 485-507.
40. GLocke, E.A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M.D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally.
41. Lu, L., & Argyle, M. (1992). Receiving and giving support: Effects on relationships and well-being. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 5(2), 123–133.
42. Mogilner, C. (2010). The Pursuit of Happiness: Time, money, and social connection.Psychological Science, 21(9), 1348–1354.
43. MOW-International Research Team. (1987). The Meaning of work: An international view. London: Academic Press.
44. Oishi, S., & Diener, E. (2001). Re-examining the general positivity model of subjective well-being: The discrepancy between specific and global domain satisfaction.Journal of Personality, 69, 641–666.
45. Quintanilla-Ruiz, S.A., & Wilpert, B. (1991). Are work meanings changing? European Work and Organizational Psychologist, 1(2), 91-109.
46. Sayah, S., & Süß, S. (2013). Conflict between work and life: The case of contract workers in the German IT and media sectors. Management Revue 24(3), 222–244.
47. Scholarios, D., & Marks, A.(2004). Work-life balance and the software worker. Human Resource Management Journal, 14(2), 54–74.
48. Staines, G.L. (1980). Spillover versus compensation: a review of the literature on the relationship between work and nonwork. Human Relations, 33(2), 111-129.
49. Stone, M. J., & Kozma, A. (1985). Structural relationships among happiness scales: A second order factorial study. Social Indicators Research, 17, 19–28.
50. Taris, T. W., & Schreurs, P. J. G. (2009). Well-being and organizational performance: An organizational-level test of the happy-productive worker hypothesis. Work and Stress, 23(2), 120–136.
51. Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2011). Needs and subjective well-being around the world.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(2), 354–365.
52. Taris, T.W., Beckers, D.G.J., Verhoeven, L.C., Geurts, S.A.E., Kompier, M.A.J., & van der Linden, D. (2006). Recovery opportunities, work-home interference, and well-being among managers. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 15(2), 139-157.
53. Thomas, L.T., & Ganster, C.D. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(1), 6-15.
54. Thompson, J.A., & Bunderson, J.S. (2001). Work-nonwork conflict and the phenomenology of time: Beyond the balance metaphor. Work and Occupations, 28(1), 17-39.
55. Thompson C.A., Andreassi J., & Prottas D. (2003). Work-family culture and climate. Visser, F., & Williams, L. (2006). Work-life balance: rhetoric versus reality? London:The Work Foundation.
56. Wiese, B.S., Seiger, C.P., Schmid, C.M., & Freund, A.M. (2010). Beyond conflict: Functional facets of the work-family interplay. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 77(1), 104-117.Wong, J.Y. & Lin, J.H. (2007). The role of job control and job support in adjusting service employee’s work-to-leisure conflict, Tourism Management, 28(3), 726-735.
三、 網路資料
1. 台北市勞工局官方網站http://bola.gov.taipei/GIPDSD/xslGip/xslExport/116003/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E5%B1%80%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%89%88%E5%9E%8B1/welcome/welcome.html
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
104363103
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104363103
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林月雲zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 梁詔涵zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 梁詔涵zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2017en_US
dc.date.accessioned 31-Aug-2017 12:29:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 31-Aug-2017 12:29:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 31-Aug-2017 12:29:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104363103en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112436-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104363103zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨者時代的進步，資訊越來越透明，員工和其家人在衡量一家企業是否成功時，已不僅僅單看財務面，同時也會衡量企業對待員工的方式與工作帶給員工工作時間的影響。許多企業為了能夠招募優秀的人才，與留住優秀的員工，也已經開始正視職場幸福感所能為公司帶來的正面效益。
本研究將以先前學者之研究作為基礎，並將視野聚焦於人資部門所提供的措施與職場幸福感之研究。透過問卷的方式，挑選工作經驗兩年以上者作為受測者，以主管的行為做為干擾變項，衡量其對兩者間關係的影響，並透過質化的方式，找出個人角色與工作角色是如何互相影響。期望透過此篇論文，能找出員工對於挑選企業時所重視的要素，並探討主管該如何協助員工。
本研究主要目的在於探討員工的工作環境與幸福感的關係，並由個人的工作生活平衡與主管作為來探討其如何對工作環境與幸福感的關係造成影響。本研究以員工幸福感為依變數，自變數為整體工作環境，並分析工作生活平衡與主管作為之干擾效果。
本研究針對在職兩年以上的員工進行網路問卷調查，共計收回130份有效問卷。主要使用階層迴歸驗證主要的假設。
結果顯示， 整體工作環境、工作生活平衡、主管作為均與幸福感呈現正向顯著關係，且可顯著預測幸福感。工作生活平衡對整體工作環境與幸福感的交互作用有邊際顯著；主管作為對整體工作環境與幸福感無顯著干擾作用。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 4
第一節 研究背景與動機 4
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究流程 6
第貳章 文獻探討 8
第一節 職場幸福感之文獻回顧 8
第二節 工作生活平衡之文獻回顧 17
第參章 研究方法 25
第一節 研究架構與假設 25
第二節 研究對象與程序 25
第三節 問卷調查法 26
第四節 資料分析方法 27
第五節 樣本之描述性統計分析 28
第肆章 研究結果 31
第一節 樣本之描述性統計分析 31
第二節 問卷信度分析 38
第三節 各研究變項之相關分析 40
第四節 各研究變項之迴歸分析 43
第五節 問卷中質化資料整理 46
第伍章 結論與建議 51
第一節 研究結論 51
第二節 研究貢獻與管理意涵 53
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 55
參考文獻 56		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 967510 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104363103en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作環境zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 職場幸福感zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 主管作為zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作生活平衡zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 工作環境與職場幸福感之關係-主管與工作生活平衡之影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The relationship between environment and workplace well-being－the effects of supervisor and work-life balanceen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文文獻
1. 林子雯，1996，成人學生多重角色與幸福感之相關研究，國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文，高雄市。
2. 王立璇，2011，，領導才能、決策品質、工作生活品質、身心健康、幸福感、組織競爭力與績效之相關研究，國立政治大學心理學研究所。
3. 景家威，2014，工作生活平衡與幸福感之研究，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所。
4. 溫金豐、崔來意(民90)。高科技公司女性專業人員工作-家庭衝突及工作倦怠之研究：社會支持的效應。管理評論，20(4)，65-91。
5. 王大明、胡敦親（2013），民航機師休閒活動參與、休閒效益、知覺壓力與生活滿意度關係之研究─以長榮航空公司為例，觀光暨餐旅，10（2），93–112。
6. 王俊明、黃堅厚、張景媛（1993），大專學生個人需求量表編製報告，教育心理學報，26，125–144。
7. 李中一（2004），測量工具的效度與信度， 台灣衛誌，23（4），272–281。 李文進、簡伯丞（2002），飛行員之人格特質與生活適應，中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊，16（1），19–26。
8. 林子雯（1996）， 成人學生多重角色與幸福感之相關研究，國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文。
9. 黃堅厚（1976），大學生心理需求的轉變。 測驗年刊，23，46–53。 黃堅厚（1989），我國大學生心理需求轉變的賡續研究， 教育心理學報，22，1–22。



二、 英文文獻
1. Anderson, S.E., Coffey, B.S., & Byerly, R.T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work-family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of Management, 28(6), 787-810.
2. Andrews, F. M., & Withey, S. B. (1976). Social indicators of well-being. New York, NY: Plenum.
3. Argyle, M. (1987). The psychology of happiness. London: Routledge.
4. Argyle, M., Martin, M., & Crossland, J. (1989). Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters. In J. P. Forgas, & J.M.Innes (Eds.), Recent advances in social psychology: An international perspective (pp.189–203). North-Holland: Elsevier.
5. Arthur, M., & Rousseau, D. (1996). The boundaryless career: A new employment principle for a new organizational era. New York: Oxford University Press.
6. Aryee,S., Srinivas, E., & Tan, H. (2005). Rhythms of life: Antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 132–146.
7. Brett J. M. (1997). Family, sex and career advancement. In S. Parasuraman, J.H., Greenhaus (Eds.), Integrating work and family: Challenges and choices for a changing world (pp. 26–37). Quorum: Westport.
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三、 網路資料
1. 台北市勞工局官方網站http://bola.gov.taipei/GIPDSD/xslGip/xslExport/116003/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E5%B1%80%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%89%88%E5%9E%8B1/welcome/welcome.html		zh_TW