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題名 歐盟整合下瑞典移民政策之研究
A study on the immigration policy of Sweden in the context of EU integration
作者 洪敬峯
Hong, Jing Fong
貢獻者 唐玉禮
Tang, Yu Li
洪敬峯
Hong, Jing Fong
關鍵詞 瑞典
移民政策
難民政策
國際移民
多元文化主義
Sweden
Immigration policy
Refugee policy
International migration
Multiculturalism
日期 2017
上傳時間 13-Sep-2017 15:06:43 (UTC+8)
摘要 位於北歐的瑞典以完善的社會福利制度與開放包容的形象所聞名於世，故自二戰以來，便持續地吸引著外來移民向瑞典移入。瑞典分別於1995年加入歐盟與2001年加入申根區，在人民有自由移動權利之歐盟原則與開放國界邊境之《申根公約》的情況下，瑞典將必須面對更多的外來移民。2010年，阿拉伯之春爆發，中東地區的動亂導致每年向歐洲國家尋求庇護的難民持續地增加，並因此形成了歐洲難民危機，若以2016年難民獲准庇護的人數並透過各國總人口之人均比例加以觀察，瑞典乃位居各成員國之冠。直至今日，在瑞典全國具有外國背景之人口已約占總人口五分之一，惟如此眾多的外來移民能否順利地融入瑞典社會與當地人民能否接納外來移民，這都將會是個很重要的課題與挑戰。

本研究以多元文化主義為研究途徑。多元文化主義強調在一個國家或社會內部中的各類民族或族群應能保留其獨特的文化特色，而彼此之間乃立基於平等的立場，相互尊重與和諧共處，其不僅僅是一種理念，同時也是國家或政府對於國內少數族群的具體政策執行。故本文即透過多元文化主義的觀點來探討瑞典的移民政策有何特色，而能夠促使外來移民向瑞典產生移民的行為。最後，本研究發現瑞典的移民政策於二戰以來至2016年為止，在以追求多元文化主義為理想之下，並未有劇烈性的變革，且若依瑞典國內政治與社會對於外來移民的態度而言，其政策方針與執行規劃乃是優於其他歐盟成員國的。
Located in northern Europe, Sweden is known for its impeccable social welfare system and an open and inclusive image, so it has been attracting immigrants to Sweden since World War II. Sweden joined the EU and the Schengen Area in 1995 and 2001 respectively. Under the EU principles that people have the right to be free to move and the Schengen Convention that led to the removal of border controls between countries, Sweden will have to face more immigrants. In 2010, the Arab Spring outbreak that the turmoil in the Middle East resulted in more and more asylum seekers in European countries, and thus forming a European refugee crisis. On a per capita basis of the total population of countries, Sweden has taken in far more refugees granted asylum status in the member states of the EU. Until today, the population with a foreign background has accounted for about 1/5 of the total population in Sweden, but it will be a very important task and challenge whether so many immigrants can smoothly be involved in the Swedish society and local people can accept immigrants.

This study takes multiculturalism as the research approach. Multiculturalism emphasizes that various nationalities or ethnic groups should be in a position to retain their unique cultural characteristics in a country or society and they are based on the position of equality, mutual respect and harmony. It is not just a concept, but also the specific executive policy of the national or government for ethnic minorities. Therefore, this thesis attempts to explore the characteristics of Swedish immigration policy to promote immigrants to Sweden through multiculturalism. Finally, this study finds that Swedish immigration policy has not a drastic change between the Second World War and 2016 in the pursuit of multiculturalism as the ideal. And according to the Swedish domestic political situation and social attitudes to immigration, its policy and implementation plan is better than any member state of the EU.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國家發展研究所
103261023
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1032610231
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 唐玉禮zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Tang, Yu Lien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪敬峯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hong, Jing Fongen_US
dc.creator (作者) 洪敬峯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hong, Jing Fongen_US
dc.date (日期) 2017en_US
dc.date.accessioned 13-Sep-2017 15:06:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 13-Sep-2017 15:06:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 13-Sep-2017 15:06:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1032610231en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112729-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國家發展研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103261023zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 位於北歐的瑞典以完善的社會福利制度與開放包容的形象所聞名於世，故自二戰以來，便持續地吸引著外來移民向瑞典移入。瑞典分別於1995年加入歐盟與2001年加入申根區，在人民有自由移動權利之歐盟原則與開放國界邊境之《申根公約》的情況下，瑞典將必須面對更多的外來移民。2010年，阿拉伯之春爆發，中東地區的動亂導致每年向歐洲國家尋求庇護的難民持續地增加，並因此形成了歐洲難民危機，若以2016年難民獲准庇護的人數並透過各國總人口之人均比例加以觀察，瑞典乃位居各成員國之冠。直至今日，在瑞典全國具有外國背景之人口已約占總人口五分之一，惟如此眾多的外來移民能否順利地融入瑞典社會與當地人民能否接納外來移民，這都將會是個很重要的課題與挑戰。

本研究以多元文化主義為研究途徑。多元文化主義強調在一個國家或社會內部中的各類民族或族群應能保留其獨特的文化特色，而彼此之間乃立基於平等的立場，相互尊重與和諧共處，其不僅僅是一種理念，同時也是國家或政府對於國內少數族群的具體政策執行。故本文即透過多元文化主義的觀點來探討瑞典的移民政策有何特色，而能夠促使外來移民向瑞典產生移民的行為。最後，本研究發現瑞典的移民政策於二戰以來至2016年為止，在以追求多元文化主義為理想之下，並未有劇烈性的變革，且若依瑞典國內政治與社會對於外來移民的態度而言，其政策方針與執行規劃乃是優於其他歐盟成員國的。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Located in northern Europe, Sweden is known for its impeccable social welfare system and an open and inclusive image, so it has been attracting immigrants to Sweden since World War II. Sweden joined the EU and the Schengen Area in 1995 and 2001 respectively. Under the EU principles that people have the right to be free to move and the Schengen Convention that led to the removal of border controls between countries, Sweden will have to face more immigrants. In 2010, the Arab Spring outbreak that the turmoil in the Middle East resulted in more and more asylum seekers in European countries, and thus forming a European refugee crisis. On a per capita basis of the total population of countries, Sweden has taken in far more refugees granted asylum status in the member states of the EU. Until today, the population with a foreign background has accounted for about 1/5 of the total population in Sweden, but it will be a very important task and challenge whether so many immigrants can smoothly be involved in the Swedish society and local people can accept immigrants.

This study takes multiculturalism as the research approach. Multiculturalism emphasizes that various nationalities or ethnic groups should be in a position to retain their unique cultural characteristics in a country or society and they are based on the position of equality, mutual respect and harmony. It is not just a concept, but also the specific executive policy of the national or government for ethnic minorities. Therefore, this thesis attempts to explore the characteristics of Swedish immigration policy to promote immigrants to Sweden through multiculturalism. Finally, this study finds that Swedish immigration policy has not a drastic change between the Second World War and 2016 in the pursuit of multiculturalism as the ideal. And according to the Swedish domestic political situation and social attitudes to immigration, its policy and implementation plan is better than any member state of the EU.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 文獻探討 7
一、遷移理論之研究 7
二、多元文化主義之研究 9
三、歐盟移民議題之研究 12
四、瑞典移民議題之研究 16
第三節 研究途徑與方法 19
一、研究途徑 19
二、研究方法 20
第四節 章節安排 21
第五節 研究範圍與限制 22
一、研究範圍 22
二、研究限制 23
第六節 名詞界定 23
一、移民 23
二、非正規移民 24
三、難民 24
四、尋求庇護者 24
第二章 歐盟共同移民政策之研究 25
第一節 歐盟共同移民政策之變遷發展 25
一、羅馬條約 25
二、單一歐洲法 26
三、申根公約 27
四、都柏林公約 28
五、馬斯垂克條約 29
六、阿姆斯特丹條約 30
七、尼斯條約 31
八、里斯本條約 32
第二節 歐盟共同移民政策之執行 34
一、坦佩雷計畫 35
二、海牙計畫 37
三、斯德哥爾摩計畫 38
四、自由、安全與正義的區域的策略指導方針 39
五、歐洲共同庇護體系 39
第三節 歐盟共同移民政策之挑戰 43
一、有名無實的國際難民公約 44
二、崩解中的歐盟共同移民政策 46
三、恐怖主義與社會融合 47
第三章 二戰至1970年：外來勞工與移民局之建立 51
第一節 歷史背景 54
第二節 移民政策之發展 55
一、二戰與戰後的難民接納狀況 56
二、記錄年代與外來勞工的招募 59
三、北歐共同勞動市場的建立 61
四、國家勞動市場局與瑞典貿易聯合聯盟 63
五、瑞典與歐洲地區之比較 64
第三節 融合政策之推出 66
一、從驅逐法到外國人法 66
二、從國家外國人委員會到瑞典移民局 67
第四節 小結 69
第四章 1970至1990年：全國策略與多元文化政策之推出 71
第一節 移民政策之發展 71
一、1970至1990年的難民接納狀況 73
二、瑞典全國策略 75
三、露西亞決定 77
四、瑞典與歐洲地區之比較 79
第二節 融合政策之完善 81
一、移民融合政策指導原則的公佈與其執行 81
二、對抗職場歧視法的制定與反種族歧視監察官辦公室的設立 84
第三節 小結 86
第五章 1990至2016年：加入歐盟與社會融合之挑戰 89
第一節 移民政策之發展 89
一、後冷戰與當代的難民接納狀況 89
二、加入歐洲聯盟之後 94
三、當前移民現況與居留證 96
第二節 融合政策之挑戰 99
一、從「移民政策」到「新融合政策」與瑞典融合局的建立 99
二、「21世紀的瑞典融合政策」與「全面性之綜合社會融合策略」 101
三、外來移民的失業問題 104
四、極右派政黨的成長與社會騷亂 109
第三節 小結 112
第六章 結論 114
附錄 118
參考文獻 120		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 11389020 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1032610231en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 瑞典zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移民政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 難民政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際移民zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多元文化主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Swedenen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Immigration policyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Refugee policyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) International migrationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Multiculturalismen_US
dc.title (題名) 歐盟整合下瑞典移民政策之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A study on the immigration policy of Sweden in the context of EU integrationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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