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題名 台灣選舉中同性戀接受度的變遷: 媒體效果觀點
Transition of the homosexual tolerance during Taiwanese election: A media effect perspective
作者 劉慧儀
Low, Hui Yee
貢獻者 劉義鈞
Liu, Yih‐Jiun
劉慧儀
Low, Hui Yee
關鍵詞 Media effect
Homosexual tolerance
Voting preference
Election
日期 2017
上傳時間 1-Dec-2017 12:08:55 (UTC+8)
摘要 Election of a state or a country has potentially become a common tool for majority of politicians who have political or social agenda against or for citizens. The success rate in getting their social agenda approved is enhanced when politicians prefer implementing their social agenda through the exercise of their deliberate choice. Such phenomenon has come to be the usual practice for politicians as the nature of election provides a platform between citizens and the state, especially in the issues of homosexuality. In Taiwan, the rise of the general support for homosexual community is potentially making this region become the first in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage. This particular homosexual issue has been in the limelight during Taiwanese general elections. The political candidates will either utilize the chance to gain votes from homosexual rights supporters or to cast homosexual issues as a taboo in society. Under these choices, the process of shaping the public’s attitude towards homosexuality is inevitable. In this island, media played an important role in creating a positive media effect to cultivate tolerance towards homosexuality and shape public opinion to favor this particular subgroup. At the same time, such media effect has resulted in molding long lasting Taiwanese public’s societal viewpoints. This process enables the Taiwanese politicians to observe with great interest the changing of the electro’s attitude by following polling system and data provided by research centers and media. The research centers and media appear to be the means through which politicians can used to secure the ballots of electro. This paper seeks to examine the media effects on homosexual tolerance during Taiwanese election which able to help the politician wins the election. Under high chances of media exposure, Taiwanese’ homosexual tolerance have widen. Such social phenomenon will favor Taiwanese politicians to secure their victory of election, by showing their supports for homosexuality
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Retrieved from http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2012/may/11/barack-obama/president-barack-obamas-shift-gay-marriage/\n\nBrown, J., Halpern, C., & L’Engle, K. (2005). Mass media as a sexual super \npeer for early maturing girls. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(5), \n420–427.\n\nBruyere, E. D. (2014, May 22). Taiwan Activists Push for Same-sex Marriage Bill. Retrieved from\nhttp://sinophere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/taiwan-activists-push-for-same-sex-marriage-bill/\n\nCalzo, J. P., & Ward, L. M. (2009). Media Exposure and Viewers Attitudes Toward Homosexuality: Evidence for Mainstreaming or Resonance? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 53(2), 280-299. doi:10.1080/08838150902908049\n\nCampbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1964).The \nAmerican Voter. An abridgment. New York: John Wiley & Sons. \n\nCheng, Y. A., Wu, F. F., & Adamczyk, A. (2016).Changing Attitudes Toward \nHomosexuality in Taiwan, 1995–2012. Chinese Sociological \nReview, 48(4), 317-345. doi:10.1080/21620555.2016.1199257\n\nChapin, R.K &Strom-Gottfried, K. (2007).Social Policy for Effective Practice: \nA Strengths Approach (New Directions in Social Work). McGraw-Hill.\n\nCiagov.(2016). Ciagov. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world factbook/geos/tw.html\n\nCleary, A., & Rich, T. (2017, March 16). Attitudes Toward Homosexuality and Same-Sex Marriage in Taiwan: It`s More Complex than You Think. Retrieved from https://sentinel.tw/attitudes-gay-taiwan/\n\nCNN.com. (2007, October 23). CNN Political Ticker Obama takes heat for link to McClurkin.. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20071130064038/politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2007/10/23/obama-takes-heat-for-link-to-mcclurkin/\n\nCohen, B. C. (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.\n\nDeLisle, J. (2012, January). Taiwan’s 2012 Presidential and Legislative \nElections: Winners, Losers and Implications. Retrieved from \nhttp://www.fpri.org/article/2012/01/taiwans-2012-presidential-and -legislative-elections-winners-losers-implications/ \n\nFog, A. (2004). The supposed and the real role of mass media in modern \ndemocracy. Working Paper. Retrieved from http://www.agner.org/cultsel/mediacrisis.pdf \n\n\nGarretson, J. J. (2009). Changing media, changing minds: The lesbian and \ngay movement, television, and public opinion (3414574) (Doctoral \ndissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses \ndatabase. (3414574)\n\nGarretson, J. J. (2015). Does change in minority and women`s representation \non television matter?: a 30-year study of television portrayals and \nsocial tolerance. Politics, Groups, and Identities, 3(4), 615-632. \ndoi:10.1080/21565503.2015.1050405\n\nGaventa, John. (2003). Power after Lukes: a review of the literature. Brighton: \nInstitute of Development Studies.\n\nGerbner, G. (1990). Epilogue: Advancing on the Path of Righteousness \n(Maybe). In Signorielli , N & Morgan , M (Eds), Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research (pp. 249 – 262). \nLondon: Sage Publications, Inc.\n\nGonta, G., Hansen, S., Fagin, C., & Fong, J. (2017). Changing Media and \nChanging Minds: Media Exposure and Viewer Attitudes Toward \nHomosexuality. Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research, \n5(1). Retrieved from \nhttp://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/pjcr/vol5/iss1/5\n\nGorvett, Z. (2015, May 06). Future - The hidden psychology of voting. \nRetrieved from \nhttp://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150506-the-dark-psychology-of-voting\n\nHuntington, S. P. (2002). The clash of civilizations and the remaking of world\norder. U.K: Simon & Schuster.\n\nHuston, A. C. (1992). Big world, small screen: The role of television in \nAmerican society.Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.\n\nInglehart, R., and W. E. Baker. 2000. “Modernization, Cultural Change, and \nthe Persistence of Traditional Values.” American Sociological Review 65(1): 19–51.doi:10.2307/2657288\n\nJennings, R. (2017, May 23). Taiwan Judges Approve Same-Sex Marriage In Asia`s First Landmark LGBT Ruling. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ralphjennings/2017/05/23/15-taiwan-judges-will-decide-fate-of-asias-flagship-same-sex-marriage-law/#4a0896763752\n\nJurjevich, J. R. (2010). Compositional and Contextual Effects Across Political \nLandscapes: Case Studies of Migration and Same-Sex Marriage\n(Unpublished master`s thesis).\n\nKahn, H.(2014). LGBT Parents on American Television.Honors Theses.\nPaper 227\n\nKenyon, G. (2016, January 06). Future - The man who studies the spread of\nignorance. Retrieved from\nhttp://www.bbc.com/future/story/20160105-the-man-who-studies-tespread-of-ignorance\n\nKiousis, S. and McCombs, M. (2004). Agenda-Setting Effects and Attitude Strength. Communication Research, 31(1), pp.36-57.\n\nKuo, Y. C. (2015). The Practice of Gender Equity Education in \nTaiwan. Journal of Modern Education Review, 5(9), 854-860.doi:10.15341/jmer(2155-7993)/09.05.2015/005\n\nLadd, J. M., & Lenz, G. S. (2009). Exploiting a Rare Communication Shift to\nDocument the Persuasive Power of the News Media. American\nJournal of Political Science, 53(2), 394-410.\ndoi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2009.00377.x\n\nLikert, R. (1932). A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes. Archives of \nPsychology, 22(140 (June)), 5-55.\n\nLin, S. (2017, May 27). Wu Den-yih denies U-turn on legalizing homosexual\nUnions Taipei Times. Retrieved from\nhttp://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2017/05/27/2003671384\n\n\nLogan, R. K. (2010). Understanding new media: extending Marshall McLuhan. \nNew York: Peter Lang.\n\nLogue, J. (2014). The Politics of Unknowing and the Virtues of Ignorance: \nToward a Pedagogy of Epistemic Vulnerability. Philosophy of \nEducation Archive, 53-62.\n\nLu, Y., & Hetherington, W. (2016, November 21). Ma calls for respect of \nsexual orientations. Retrieved October 26, 2017, from\nhttp://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archieves/2016/11/21/2003659711\n \nMagaziner, J. (2016). Education in Taiwan. Retrieved from \nhttp://wenr.wes.org/2016/06/education-in-taiwan\n\nMartin, G., & Yurukoglu, A. (2014). Bias in Cable News: Persuasion and\nPolarization.doi:10.3386/w20798\n\nMccombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda Setting Function of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176. doi: 10.1086/267990\n\nMiceli, M. S. (2005). “Morality Politics vs. Identity Politics: Framing Processes and Competition among Christian Right and Gay Social Movement Organizations.” Sociological Forum 20(4): 589-612.\n\nMutz, D. C. (2012). The Great Divide: Campaign Media in the American\nMind. Daedalus, 141(4), 83-97. doi:10.1162/daed_a_00175\n\nOdun, O. and Utulu, A. (2016). 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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
104461013
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104461013
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉義鈞zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liu, Yih‐Jiunen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉慧儀zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Low, Hui Yeeen_US
dc.creator (作者) 劉慧儀zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Low, Hui Yeeen_US
dc.date (日期) 2017en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Dec-2017 12:08:55 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Dec-2017 12:08:55 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Dec-2017 12:08:55 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104461013en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=132291-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104461013zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Election of a state or a country has potentially become a common tool for majority of politicians who have political or social agenda against or for citizens. The success rate in getting their social agenda approved is enhanced when politicians prefer implementing their social agenda through the exercise of their deliberate choice. Such phenomenon has come to be the usual practice for politicians as the nature of election provides a platform between citizens and the state, especially in the issues of homosexuality. In Taiwan, the rise of the general support for homosexual community is potentially making this region become the first in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage. This particular homosexual issue has been in the limelight during Taiwanese general elections. The political candidates will either utilize the chance to gain votes from homosexual rights supporters or to cast homosexual issues as a taboo in society. Under these choices, the process of shaping the public’s attitude towards homosexuality is inevitable. In this island, media played an important role in creating a positive media effect to cultivate tolerance towards homosexuality and shape public opinion to favor this particular subgroup. At the same time, such media effect has resulted in molding long lasting Taiwanese public’s societal viewpoints. This process enables the Taiwanese politicians to observe with great interest the changing of the electro’s attitude by following polling system and data provided by research centers and media. The research centers and media appear to be the means through which politicians can used to secure the ballots of electro. This paper seeks to examine the media effects on homosexual tolerance during Taiwanese election which able to help the politician wins the election. Under high chances of media exposure, Taiwanese’ homosexual tolerance have widen. Such social phenomenon will favor Taiwanese politicians to secure their victory of election, by showing their supports for homosexualityen_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgment........................... ii\nAbstract................................. iii\nIntroduction............................. 1\nResearch Purpose......................... 4\nResearch Objective....................... 6\nLiterature Review........................ 8\n1) Media: Information Manufacturer.. 9\n2) Society in A Big Media Oven...... 11\n3) Media Effect: The Shaker of Beliefs and \n Attitudes........................ 14\n4) Media Role in Transition of Homosexual Tolerance \n During Taiwanese Election........ 16\nResearch Question and Hypothesis......... 23\nMethodology.............................. 25\n1) Data............................. 25\n2) Variables and Measurement........ 28\nResults.................................. 32\nDiscussion............................... 43\nConclusion............................... 49\nReferences............................... 50\nAppendix A............................... 62zh_TW
dc.format.extent 6250076 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104461013en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Media effecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Homosexual toleranceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Voting preferenceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Electionen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣選舉中同性戀接受度的變遷: 媒體效果觀點zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Transition of the homosexual tolerance during Taiwanese election: A media effect perspectiveen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andersen, R., & Fetner, T. (2008). Cohort Differences in Tolerance of Homosexuality: Attitudinal Change in Canada and the United States, 1981-2000. Public Opinion Quarterly, 72(2), 311-330. doi:10.1093/poq/nfn017\n\nBaggs, M. (2016, July 5). Is Theresa May the right Conservative leader for gay people? –BBC Newsbeat. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/36683521/is-theresa-may-the-right-conservative-leader-for-gay-people\n\nBarnecka, J., Karp, K., & Lollike, M. (2005).Homosexuality. Retrieved from Roskilde University website: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/12515104.pdf\n\nBerry, G. (2010). The Mythic Element of Mass Media and Its Relation to \nPlato`s Cave. Journal of Media and Communication, 2(ANZCA Special Issue), 72-85.\n\nBowers, B. (2012, May 11). President Barack Obama`s shifting stance on gay marriage | PolitiFact. Retrieved from http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2012/may/11/barack-obama/president-barack-obamas-shift-gay-marriage/\n\nBrown, J., Halpern, C., & L’Engle, K. (2005). Mass media as a sexual super \npeer for early maturing girls. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(5), \n420–427.\n\nBruyere, E. D. (2014, May 22). Taiwan Activists Push for Same-sex Marriage Bill. Retrieved from\nhttp://sinophere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/taiwan-activists-push-for-same-sex-marriage-bill/\n\nCalzo, J. P., & Ward, L. M. (2009). Media Exposure and Viewers Attitudes Toward Homosexuality: Evidence for Mainstreaming or Resonance? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 53(2), 280-299. doi:10.1080/08838150902908049\n\nCampbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1964).The \nAmerican Voter. An abridgment. New York: John Wiley & Sons. \n\nCheng, Y. A., Wu, F. F., & Adamczyk, A. (2016).Changing Attitudes Toward \nHomosexuality in Taiwan, 1995–2012. Chinese Sociological \nReview, 48(4), 317-345. doi:10.1080/21620555.2016.1199257\n\nChapin, R.K &Strom-Gottfried, K. (2007).Social Policy for Effective Practice: \nA Strengths Approach (New Directions in Social Work). McGraw-Hill.\n\nCiagov.(2016). Ciagov. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world factbook/geos/tw.html\n\nCleary, A., & Rich, T. (2017, March 16). Attitudes Toward Homosexuality and Same-Sex Marriage in Taiwan: It`s More Complex than You Think. Retrieved from https://sentinel.tw/attitudes-gay-taiwan/\n\nCNN.com. (2007, October 23). CNN Political Ticker Obama takes heat for link to McClurkin.. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20071130064038/politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2007/10/23/obama-takes-heat-for-link-to-mcclurkin/\n\nCohen, B. C. (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.\n\nDeLisle, J. (2012, January). Taiwan’s 2012 Presidential and Legislative \nElections: Winners, Losers and Implications. Retrieved from \nhttp://www.fpri.org/article/2012/01/taiwans-2012-presidential-and -legislative-elections-winners-losers-implications/ \n\nFog, A. (2004). The supposed and the real role of mass media in modern \ndemocracy. Working Paper. Retrieved from http://www.agner.org/cultsel/mediacrisis.pdf \n\n\nGarretson, J. J. (2009). Changing media, changing minds: The lesbian and \ngay movement, television, and public opinion (3414574) (Doctoral \ndissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses \ndatabase. (3414574)\n\nGarretson, J. J. (2015). Does change in minority and women`s representation \non television matter?: a 30-year study of television portrayals and \nsocial tolerance. Politics, Groups, and Identities, 3(4), 615-632. \ndoi:10.1080/21565503.2015.1050405\n\nGaventa, John. (2003). Power after Lukes: a review of the literature. Brighton: \nInstitute of Development Studies.\n\nGerbner, G. (1990). Epilogue: Advancing on the Path of Righteousness \n(Maybe). In Signorielli , N & Morgan , M (Eds), Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research (pp. 249 – 262). \nLondon: Sage Publications, Inc.\n\nGonta, G., Hansen, S., Fagin, C., & Fong, J. (2017). Changing Media and \nChanging Minds: Media Exposure and Viewer Attitudes Toward \nHomosexuality. Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research, \n5(1). Retrieved from \nhttp://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/pjcr/vol5/iss1/5\n\nGorvett, Z. (2015, May 06). Future - The hidden psychology of voting. \nRetrieved from \nhttp://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150506-the-dark-psychology-of-voting\n\nHuntington, S. P. (2002). The clash of civilizations and the remaking of world\norder. U.K: Simon & Schuster.\n\nHuston, A. C. (1992). Big world, small screen: The role of television in \nAmerican society.Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.\n\nInglehart, R., and W. E. Baker. 2000. “Modernization, Cultural Change, and \nthe Persistence of Traditional Values.” American Sociological Review 65(1): 19–51.doi:10.2307/2657288\n\nJennings, R. (2017, May 23). Taiwan Judges Approve Same-Sex Marriage In Asia`s First Landmark LGBT Ruling. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ralphjennings/2017/05/23/15-taiwan-judges-will-decide-fate-of-asias-flagship-same-sex-marriage-law/#4a0896763752\n\nJurjevich, J. R. (2010). Compositional and Contextual Effects Across Political \nLandscapes: Case Studies of Migration and Same-Sex Marriage\n(Unpublished master`s thesis).\n\nKahn, H.(2014). LGBT Parents on American Television.Honors Theses.\nPaper 227\n\nKenyon, G. (2016, January 06). Future - The man who studies the spread of\nignorance. Retrieved from\nhttp://www.bbc.com/future/story/20160105-the-man-who-studies-tespread-of-ignorance\n\nKiousis, S. and McCombs, M. (2004). Agenda-Setting Effects and Attitude Strength. 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