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題名 提供多元角色體驗之虛擬拍攝片場
Providing Multiple Role Playing in Virtual Film Set
作者 林毅聖
Lin, I Sheng
貢獻者 李蔡彥
Li, Tsai Yen
林毅聖
Lin, I Sheng
關鍵詞 虛擬攝影
虛擬實境
智慧型攝影機
虛擬電影片場
Virtual cinematography
Virtual reality
Intelligent camera
Virtual film set
日期 2018
上傳時間 5-Feb-2018 11:28:49 (UTC+8)
摘要 電影的拍攝手法，影響觀眾對於故事的感覺與認知，相同的劇情透過不同的運鏡手法，也會產生不同的詮釋，顯示出攝影在電影的重要性。傳統拍攝片場所花費的成本與人力相當龐大，一般人與初學者很少有機會進入片場體驗拍攝。本研究的目的為透過3D動畫與虛擬實境的結合，設計並實作出一套虛擬片場系統，模擬電影的製作流程，讓體驗者扮演片場拍攝時的各種角色，體驗拍攝電影的情境。體驗過程中，系統會提供動靜態的拍攝輔助、場控輔助工具以及即時剪輯系統，幫助新手學習攝影概念、掌握拍攝進度以及剪輯出個人化電影。我們透過一個動畫腳本為範例，邀請不同攝影經驗的使用者體驗操作，根據使用者行為紀錄與問卷調查，驗證本系統的成效。
Cinematography methods affect how the audience perceive a movie. A same story plot may be interpreted differently through the presentation of different camera movements, which show the importance of cinematography in filmmaking. Typically, filmmaking is costly, and begin-ners and amateurs rarely have the opportunity to play and do experiment on the set. In this work, we aim to design and construct a virtual environment for film shooting, allowing a user to play multiple roles in a virtual film set and simulating the process of the filmmaking. Our system provides camera shooting assistant, tools for the field directing and real-time editing, aiming to help novices learn cinematographic concepts, track the progress of filmmaking, and create a personalized movie. In order to verify that our system is an user-friendly and effective tool for experiencing filmmaking, we have conducted an experiment to observe the behaviors and obtain the feedbacks from participants with different cinematographic backgrounds.
參考文獻 [1] R. Bouville, V. Gouranton and B. Arnaldi, "Virtual reality rehearsals for acting with visu-al effects." in Proc. of International Conference on Computer Graphics & Interactive Techniques, GI, 2016.
[2] M. Christie, P. Olivier and J. M. Normand, "Camera control in computer graphics," Computer Graphics Forum, 2008, pp. 2197-2218.
[3] C.-H. Chen and T.-Y. Li, "Context-aware Camera Planning for Interactive Storytelling," in Proc. of 2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization, 2012, pp.43-48.
[4] Y. K. Chiu, Y. H. Huang and M. Ouhyoung, "Cinematography tutorials in virtual reality," in Proc. of SIGGRAPH`17 Posters. ACM, 2017, p. 19.
[5] X. Gouchet, R. Quittard and N. Serikoff, "Scp camera," in Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH emerging technologies. ACM, 2007, pp.16.
[6] Q. Galvane, R. Ronfard, M. Christie and N. Szilas, "Narrative-driven camera control for cinematic replay of computer games," in Proc. of the Seventh International Conference on Motion in Games. ACM, 2014.
[7] Q. Galvane, M. Christie and C. Lino, "Camera-on-rails: automated computation of con-strained camera paths." in Proc. of the 8th ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Motion in Games. ACM, 2015.
[8] R. S. Johansen, Automated Semi‐Procedural Animation for Character Locomotion, Mas-ter`s Thesis, Department of Information and Media Studies, Aarhus University, 2009.
[9] C. Lino, M. Christie, R. Ranon and W. Bares, "The director`s lens: an intelligent assistant for virtual cinematography," in Proc. of the19th ACM International Conference on Multi-media, 2011, pp. 323-332.
[10] C. Lino and M. Christie, "Efficient composition for virtual camera control," in Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation. Eurographics Association, 2012.
[11] P.-C. Lai, H.-Y. Wu, M. Christie and T.-Y. Li, "An Experimental Platform for Custom-ized Virtual Cinematography in Interactive Storytelling," in Proc. of Computer Graphics Workshop 2014, Taipei, Taiwan, 2014.
[12] J. M. Normand, B. Spanlang, F. Tecchia, M. Carrozzino, D. Swapp and M. Slater, "Full body acting rehearsal in a networked virtual environment—A case study," Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 21(2), 2012, pp. 229-243.
[13] L. T. Nielsen, M. B. Møller, S. D. Hartmeyer, T. Ljung, N. C. Nilsson, R. Nordahl and S. Serafin, "Missing the point: an exploration of how to guide users` attention during cine-matic virtual reality," in Proc. of the 22nd ACM Conference on Virtual Reality Software and Technology. ACM, 2016, pp. 229-232.
[14] R. Ronfard, V. Gandhi and L. Boiron, "The Prose Storyboard Language," in Proc. of AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing. Vol. 3. 2013.
[15] M. Slater, J. Howell, A. Steed, D. P. Pertaub and M. Garau, "Acting in virtual reality," in Proc. of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments. ACM, 2000, pp. 103-110.
[16] H.-Y. Wu and M. Christie, "Stylistic Patterns for Generating Cinematographic Sequenc-es," in Proc. of the 4th Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing Co-Located w/Eurographics, 2015.
[17] J.W. Wang, H.Y. Wu, Q. Galvane, T.-Y. Li and Christie M., "Design of An Intelligent Camera Editing System for Computer Animation," in Proc. of Computer Graphics Workshop 2016, Taipei, 2016.
[18] I. C. Yeh, W. C. Lin and T. Y. Lee, "Social-Event-Driven Camera Control for Mul-ti-character Animations," IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 18, 2012, pp. 1496-1510.
[19] "Unity," [Online]. Available: https://unity3d.com
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[20] "Model-view-controller," [Online]. Available:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controller
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[21] "Inria," [Online]. Available: https://www.inria.fr
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[22] "Jet Colormap," [Online]. Available:
https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/jet.html
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[23] "Cinemachine," [Online]. Available: http://www.cinemachineimagery.com
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
104753004
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104753004
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李蔡彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Li, Tsai Yenen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林毅聖zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, I Shengen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林毅聖zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, I Shengen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Feb-2018 11:28:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Feb-2018 11:28:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Feb-2018 11:28:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104753004en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/115806-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104753004zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 電影的拍攝手法，影響觀眾對於故事的感覺與認知，相同的劇情透過不同的運鏡手法，也會產生不同的詮釋，顯示出攝影在電影的重要性。傳統拍攝片場所花費的成本與人力相當龐大，一般人與初學者很少有機會進入片場體驗拍攝。本研究的目的為透過3D動畫與虛擬實境的結合，設計並實作出一套虛擬片場系統，模擬電影的製作流程，讓體驗者扮演片場拍攝時的各種角色，體驗拍攝電影的情境。體驗過程中，系統會提供動靜態的拍攝輔助、場控輔助工具以及即時剪輯系統，幫助新手學習攝影概念、掌握拍攝進度以及剪輯出個人化電影。我們透過一個動畫腳本為範例，邀請不同攝影經驗的使用者體驗操作，根據使用者行為紀錄與問卷調查，驗證本系統的成效。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Cinematography methods affect how the audience perceive a movie. A same story plot may be interpreted differently through the presentation of different camera movements, which show the importance of cinematography in filmmaking. Typically, filmmaking is costly, and begin-ners and amateurs rarely have the opportunity to play and do experiment on the set. In this work, we aim to design and construct a virtual environment for film shooting, allowing a user to play multiple roles in a virtual film set and simulating the process of the filmmaking. Our system provides camera shooting assistant, tools for the field directing and real-time editing, aiming to help novices learn cinematographic concepts, track the progress of filmmaking, and create a personalized movie. In order to verify that our system is an user-friendly and effective tool for experiencing filmmaking, we have conducted an experiment to observe the behaviors and obtain the feedbacks from participants with different cinematographic backgrounds.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第1章 導論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目標 2
1.3 預期貢獻 4
1.4 本論文之章節架構 5
第2章 相關研究 6
2.1 虛擬攝影機的控制 6
2.2 攝影描述語言 7
2.3 電影編輯 8
2.4 虛擬拍攝的互動裝置 9
2.5 攝影機的自動規劃 10
2.6 虛擬實境的電影應用 12
第3章 系統架構 14
3.1 系統流程 15
3.2 系統使用的載具 17
3.2.1 畫面呈現的設計 17
3.2.2 互動載具的設計 18
3.3 虛擬片場的角色模式 24
3.3.1 導演 24
3.3.2 攝影師 27
3.3.3 剪輯師 28
3.4 系統的拍攝輔助 29
3.4.1 靜態拍攝 29
3.4.2 動態拍攝 33
3.5 移動輔助 38
3.5.1 任意傳送 38
3.5.2 指定傳送 39
3.6 影片即時剪輯系統 40
3.6.1 剪輯螢幕 40
3.6.2 時間軸 41
3.6.3 Clip編輯 41
3.7 先期研究與改進項目 44
第4章 實驗設計與結果分析 48
4.1 實驗目標 48
4.2 實驗對象 49
4.3 實驗流程 51
4.4 實驗結果與分析 54
4.4.1 引導式任務之使用者紀錄分析 54
4.4.2 指定任務與自由發揮之使用者紀錄分析 55
4.4.3 問卷內容分析 57
4.4.4 訪談分析 64
第5章 結論與未來發展 67
5.1 研究結論 67
5.2 改進與未來發展 68
參考文獻 69
附錄一 實驗同意書 72
附錄二 實驗流程 - 虛擬片場背景說明 73
附錄三 實驗流程 - 系統基本操作說明 75
附錄四 實驗流程 - 引導式操作任務 83
附錄五 實驗流程 - 指定任務 86
附錄六 問卷調查 87		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4968857 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104753004en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛擬攝影zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛擬實境zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧型攝影機zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛擬電影片場zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Virtual cinematographyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Virtual realityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Intelligent cameraen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Virtual film seten_US
dc.title (題名) 提供多元角色體驗之虛擬拍攝片場zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Providing Multiple Role Playing in Virtual Film Seten_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] R. Bouville, V. Gouranton and B. Arnaldi, "Virtual reality rehearsals for acting with visu-al effects." in Proc. of International Conference on Computer Graphics & Interactive Techniques, GI, 2016.
[2] M. Christie, P. Olivier and J. M. Normand, "Camera control in computer graphics," Computer Graphics Forum, 2008, pp. 2197-2218.
[3] C.-H. Chen and T.-Y. Li, "Context-aware Camera Planning for Interactive Storytelling," in Proc. of 2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization, 2012, pp.43-48.
[4] Y. K. Chiu, Y. H. Huang and M. Ouhyoung, "Cinematography tutorials in virtual reality," in Proc. of SIGGRAPH`17 Posters. ACM, 2017, p. 19.
[5] X. Gouchet, R. Quittard and N. Serikoff, "Scp camera," in Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH emerging technologies. ACM, 2007, pp.16.
[6] Q. Galvane, R. Ronfard, M. Christie and N. Szilas, "Narrative-driven camera control for cinematic replay of computer games," in Proc. of the Seventh International Conference on Motion in Games. ACM, 2014.
[7] Q. Galvane, M. Christie and C. Lino, "Camera-on-rails: automated computation of con-strained camera paths." in Proc. of the 8th ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Motion in Games. ACM, 2015.
[8] R. S. Johansen, Automated Semi‐Procedural Animation for Character Locomotion, Mas-ter`s Thesis, Department of Information and Media Studies, Aarhus University, 2009.
[9] C. Lino, M. Christie, R. Ranon and W. Bares, "The director`s lens: an intelligent assistant for virtual cinematography," in Proc. of the19th ACM International Conference on Multi-media, 2011, pp. 323-332.
[10] C. Lino and M. Christie, "Efficient composition for virtual camera control," in Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation. Eurographics Association, 2012.
[11] P.-C. Lai, H.-Y. Wu, M. Christie and T.-Y. Li, "An Experimental Platform for Custom-ized Virtual Cinematography in Interactive Storytelling," in Proc. of Computer Graphics Workshop 2014, Taipei, Taiwan, 2014.
[12] J. M. Normand, B. Spanlang, F. Tecchia, M. Carrozzino, D. Swapp and M. Slater, "Full body acting rehearsal in a networked virtual environment—A case study," Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 21(2), 2012, pp. 229-243.
[13] L. T. Nielsen, M. B. Møller, S. D. Hartmeyer, T. Ljung, N. C. Nilsson, R. Nordahl and S. Serafin, "Missing the point: an exploration of how to guide users` attention during cine-matic virtual reality," in Proc. of the 22nd ACM Conference on Virtual Reality Software and Technology. ACM, 2016, pp. 229-232.
[14] R. Ronfard, V. Gandhi and L. Boiron, "The Prose Storyboard Language," in Proc. of AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing. Vol. 3. 2013.
[15] M. Slater, J. Howell, A. Steed, D. P. Pertaub and M. Garau, "Acting in virtual reality," in Proc. of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments. ACM, 2000, pp. 103-110.
[16] H.-Y. Wu and M. Christie, "Stylistic Patterns for Generating Cinematographic Sequenc-es," in Proc. of the 4th Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing Co-Located w/Eurographics, 2015.
[17] J.W. Wang, H.Y. Wu, Q. Galvane, T.-Y. Li and Christie M., "Design of An Intelligent Camera Editing System for Computer Animation," in Proc. of Computer Graphics Workshop 2016, Taipei, 2016.
[18] I. C. Yeh, W. C. Lin and T. Y. Lee, "Social-Event-Driven Camera Control for Mul-ti-character Animations," IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 18, 2012, pp. 1496-1510.
[19] "Unity," [Online]. Available: https://unity3d.com
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[20] "Model-view-controller," [Online]. Available:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controller
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[21] "Inria," [Online]. Available: https://www.inria.fr
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[22] "Jet Colormap," [Online]. Available:
https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/jet.html
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].
[23] "Cinemachine," [Online]. Available: http://www.cinemachineimagery.com
[Accessed: 10-January-2018].		zh_TW