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題名 產品多樣性對需求風險的影響
The impact of product variety on demand risk
作者 林育如
Lin, Yu-Ju
貢獻者 簡睿哲
Jean, Ruey-Jer
林育如
Lin, Yu-Ju
關鍵詞 供應鏈風險
需求風險
需求不確定性
產品多樣性
制度發展
Supply chain risk
Demand risk
Demand uncertainty
Product variety
Institutional development
日期 2018
上傳時間 3-Jul-2018 17:21:51 (UTC+8)
摘要 供應鏈管理不只是包含採購、生產、或物流等傳統活動,還包含與供應鏈夥伴之間的合作。供應鏈風險一直是一個熱門的議題,因為存在於供應鏈中的風險可能會造成供應鏈中的供需失衡。為了要管理供應鏈風險,公司間會採用整合策略像是VMI模式。許多過去的研究由整體觀點來看供應鏈整合對供應鏈表現的影響,鮮少研究專門以供應商的觀點出發。在VMI模式中,當下游廠商負責需求預估,供應商也在尋求可以控制需求風險的方法,其中一種有效方式是調整產品組合。在本研究中,我們實證出產品多樣性與需求風險有U型關係。此外,我們融入制度理論,將制度發展變數(市場化指數和政府對R&D的補助)納入研究中,資料來自於中國的一間半導體通路商,並以倉庫作為研究單位。研究結果顯示制度發展會使產品多樣性對需求風險的影響趨緩。
Supply chain management does not only contain traditional activities like procurement, production, and logistic, but also cooperation with supply chain partners. Supply chain risk has been a popular issue since it cause disruption in supply chain. To manage supply chain risk, companies adopt integration strategies such as vendor managed inventory (VMI). Many studies focus on macro scope to study impact of integration on supply chain performance; few studies draw on attention from view of suppliers. While downstream partner takes charge of demand forecast, vendor also seeks a way to control demand uncertainty. One way to manage demand uncertainty is adjusting product portfolio. We empirically examined the U-shape relationship between product variety and demand risk. In addition, this study merge institutional theory, enclosing institutional variables (marketization degree and government support on R&D) at hub level in China. The result indicate that institutional development weakens the negative effect of product variety.
參考文獻 Cai, S., Jun, M., & Yang, Z. (2010). Implementing supply chain information integration in China: The role of institutional forces and trust. Journal of Operations Management, 28(3), 257-268. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2009.11.005\nCardozo, R. N., & Smith, D. K. (1983). Applying Financial Portfolio Theory to Product Portfolio Decisions: An Empirical Study. Journal of Marketing, 47(2), 110-119. doi:10.2307/1251498\nCecil North, D. (1990). Institutional Change and Economic Performance.\nChild, J., & Tse, D. K. (2001). China`s Transition and Its Implications for International Business. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1), 5-21.\nChong, J.-K., Ho, T., & Tang, C. (2005). Demand Modeling in Product Line Trimming: Substitutability and Variability (Vol. 16).\nCorredoira, R. A., & McDermott, G. A. (2014). Adaptation, bridging and firm upgrading: How non-market institutions and MNCs facilitate knowledge recombination in emerging markets. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(6), 699-722. doi:10.1057/jibs.2014.19\nDebora Viana Thompson, Rebecca W. Hamilton, & Rust, R. T. (2005). Feature Fatigue: When Product Capabilities Become Too Much of a Good Thing. Journal of Marketing Research, 42(4), 431-442. doi:10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.4.431\nDiMaggio, P. J. (1983). State expansion and organizational fields. Beverly Hills: Sage.\nDiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160. doi:10.2307/2095101\nDong, M. C., Ju, M., & Fang, Y. (2016). Role hazard between supply chain partners in an institutionally fragmented market. Journal of Operations Management, 46, 5-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2016.07.006\nFeldman, E., Lehrer, F. A., & Ray, T. L. (1966). Warehouse Location under Continuous Economies of Scale. Management Science, 12(9), 670-684.\nGao, G., Murray, J., Kotabe, M., & Lu, J. (2010). A “strategy tripod” perspective on export behaviors: Evidence from domestic and foreign firms based in an emerging economy. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(3), 377-396. doi:10.1057/jibs.2009.27\nGao, Y., Shu, C., Jiang, X., Gao, S., & Page, A. L. (2017). Managerial ties and product innovation: The moderating roles of macro- and micro-institutional environments. Long Range Planning, 50(2), 168-183. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2016.11.005\nGu, J., Goetschalckx, M., & McGinnis, L. F. (2010). Research on warehouse design and performance evaluation: A comprehensive review. European Journal of Operational Research, 203(3), 539-549. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.07.031\nHaans, R., Constant, P., & He, Z. L. (2016). Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U‐ and inverted U‐shaped relationships in strategy research. Strategic Management Journal, 37(7), 1177-1195. doi:doi:10.1002/smj.2399\nHarrison, A., & Christopher, M. (1999). Creating the Agile Supply Chain: Institute of Logistics.\nHasan, I., Wachtel, P., & Zhou, M. (2009). Institutional development, financial deepening and economic growth: Evidence from China. Journal of Banking & Finance, 33(1), 157-170. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2007.11.016\nHayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS : A Versatile Computational Tool for Observed Variable Mediation , Moderation , and Conditional Process Modeling 1.\nHuang, X., Gattiker, T. F., & Schroeder, R. G. (2010). Do Competitive Priorities Drive Adoption of Electronic Commerce Applications? Testing the Contingency and Institutional Views. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46(3), 57-69. doi:doi:10.1111/j.1745-493X.2010.03198.x\nHuo, B., Han, Z., Zhao, X., Zhou, H., Wood, C. H., & Zhai, X. (2013). The impact of institutional pressures on supplier integration and financial performance: Evidence from China. International Journal of Production Economics, 146(1), 82-94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.01.013\nJackson, G., & Deeg, R. (2008). Comparing capitalisms: understanding institutional diversity and its implications for international business. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(4), 540-561. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400375\nJacobs, M. A., & Swink, M. (2011). Product portfolio architectural complexity and operational performance: Incorporating the roles of learning and fixed assets. Journal of Operations Management, 29(7), 677-691. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2011.03.002\nKahn, J. A. (1987). Inventories and the Volatility of Production. The American Economic Review, 77(4), 667-679.\nKannan, G., Grigore, M. C., Devika, K., & Senthilkumar, A. (2013). An analysis of the general benefits of a centralised VMI system based on the EOQ model. International Journal of Production Research, 51(1), 172-188. doi:10.1080/00207543.2011.653838\nKiggundu, M. N., xf, rgensen, J. J., & Hafsi, T. (1983). Administrative Theory and Practice in Developing Countries: A Synthesis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(1), 66-84. doi:10.2307/2392387\nLi, H., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2001). Product innovation strategy and the performance of new technology ventures in China. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1123-1134.\nLuce, R. D., & Raiffa, H. (1957). Games and decisions: Introduction and critical survey. Oxford, England: Wiley.\nMarch, J. G., & Shapira, Z. (1987). Managerial Perspectives on Risk and Risk Taking. Management Science, 33(11), 1404.\nMarkowitz, H. M. (1959). Portfolio Selection\nEfficient Diversification of Investments: Yale University Press.\nMehrjoo, M., & Pasek, Z. J. (2014). Impact of Product Variety on Supply Chain in Fast Fashion Apparel Industry. Procedia CIRP, 17, 296-301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.01.082\nMiller, R. B. (2006). Taming the Volatile Sales Cycle. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(2), 10.\nMin, H. (2015). The Essentials of Supply Chain Management: New Business Concepts and Applications: PH Professional Business.\nPeng, M. W. (2003). Institutional Transitions and Strategic Choices. The Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 275-296. doi:10.2307/30040713\nRandall, T., & Ulrich, K. (2001). Product Variety, Supply Chain Structure, and Firm Performance: Analysis of the U.S. Bicycle Industry. Management Science, 47(12), 1588-1604. doi:10.1287/mnsc.47.12.1588.10237\nScott, W. R. (1987). The Adolescence of Institutional Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(4), 493-511. doi:10.2307/2392880\nScott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.\nShibin Sheng, Kevin Zheng Zhou, & Li, J. J. (2011). The Effects of Business and Political Ties on Firm Performance: Evidence from China. Journal of Marketing, 75(1), 1-15. doi:10.1509/jmkg.75.1.1\nShin, N., Kraemer, K. L., & Dedrick, J. (2017). R&D and firm performance in the semiconductor industry. Industry and Innovation, 24(3), 280-297. doi:10.1080/13662716.2016.1224708\nSmith, S. A., & Agrawal, N. (2000). Management of Multi-Item Retail Inventory Systems with Demand Substitution. Operations Research, 48(1), 50-64. doi:10.1287/opre.48.1.50.12443\nSu, Q., Shi, J.-h., & Lai, S.-j. (2008). Study on supply chain management of Chinese firms from the institutional view. International Journal of Production Economics, 115(2), 362-373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2007.11.016\nSu, Z., Peng, M. W., & Xie, E. (2016). A Strategy Tripod Perspective on Knowledge Creation Capability. British Journal of Management, 27(1), 58-76. doi:doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12097\nSun, S. L., Peng, M. W., & Tan, W. (2017). Institutional relatedness behind product diversification and international diversification. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 34(2), 339-366. doi:10.1007/s10490-016-9498-4\nTang, C. (2006). Perspectives in supply chain risk management. International Journal of Production Economics, 103(2), 451-488. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.12.006\nTang, C., & Tomlin, B. (2008). The power of flexibility for mitigating supply chain risks. International Journal of Production Economics, 116(1), 12-27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.07.008\nThonemann, U. W., & Bradley, J. R. (2002). The effect of product variety on supply-chain performance. European Journal of Operational Research, 143(3), 548-569. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00343-5\nTon, Z., & Raman, A. (2010). The Effect of Product Variety and Inventory Levels on Retail Store Sales: A Longitudinal Study. Production and Operations Management, 19(5), 546-560. doi:doi:10.1111/j.1937-5956.2010.01120.x\nVos, G. C. J. M. (1993). International manufacturing and logistics : a design method. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven.\nWaller, M., Johnson, M. E., & Davis, T. (1999). Vendor-managed inventory in the retail supply chain. Journal of Business Logistics, 20(1), 183-203.\nWan, X., Evers, P. T., & Dresner, M. E. (2012). Too much of a good thing: The impact of product variety on operations and sales performance. Journal of Operations Management, 30(4), 316-324. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2011.12.002\nWan, X., & Sanders, N. R. (2017). The negative impact of product variety: Forecast bias, inventory levels, and the role of vertical integration. International Journal of Production Economics, 186(Supplement C), 123-131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.02.002\nWang, D. T., & Chen, W. Y. (2014). Foreign direct investment, institutional development, and environmental externalities: Evidence from China. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 81-90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.013\nWong, C. Y., & Boon-itt, S. (2008). The influence of institutional norms and environmental uncertainty on supply chain integration in the Thai automotive industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 115(2), 400-410. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.05.012\nWu, G.-C., Ding, J.-H., & Chen, P.-S. (2012). The effects of GSCM drivers and institutional pressures on GSCM practices in Taiwan’s textile and apparel industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 135(2), 618-636. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.05.023\nXia, N., & Rajagopalan, S. (2009). Standard vs. Custom Products: Variety, Lead Time, and Price Competition. Marketing Science, 28(5), 887-900. doi:10.1287/mksc.1080.0456\nXie, Z., & Li, J. (2018). Exporting and innovating among emerging market firms: The moderating role of institutional development. Journal of International Business Studies, 49(2), 222-245. doi:10.1057/s41267-017-0118-4\nYaibuathet, K., Enkawa, T., & Suzuki, S. (2008). Influences of institutional environment toward the development of supply chain management. International Journal of Production Economics, 115(2), 262-271. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.02.018\nZhang, Y., Li, H., Li, Y., & Zhou, L.-A. (2010). FDI spillovers in an emerging market: the role of foreign firms` country origin diversity and domestic firms` absorptive capacity. Strategic Management Journal, 31(9), 969-989. doi:10.1002/smj.856\nZhou, Y. M., & Wan, X. (2017). Product variety, sourcing complexity, and the bottleneck of coordination. Strategic Management Journal, 38(8), 1569-1587. doi:10.1002/smj.2619
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營與貿易學系
104351005
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104351005
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 簡睿哲zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Jean, Ruey-Jeren_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林育如zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Yu-Juen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林育如zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Yu-Juen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-Jul-2018 17:21:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-Jul-2018 17:21:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Jul-2018 17:21:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104351005en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=136008-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營與貿易學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 104351005zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 供應鏈管理不只是包含採購、生產、或物流等傳統活動,還包含與供應鏈夥伴之間的合作。供應鏈風險一直是一個熱門的議題,因為存在於供應鏈中的風險可能會造成供應鏈中的供需失衡。為了要管理供應鏈風險,公司間會採用整合策略像是VMI模式。許多過去的研究由整體觀點來看供應鏈整合對供應鏈表現的影響,鮮少研究專門以供應商的觀點出發。在VMI模式中,當下游廠商負責需求預估,供應商也在尋求可以控制需求風險的方法,其中一種有效方式是調整產品組合。在本研究中,我們實證出產品多樣性與需求風險有U型關係。此外,我們融入制度理論,將制度發展變數(市場化指數和政府對R&D的補助)納入研究中,資料來自於中國的一間半導體通路商,並以倉庫作為研究單位。研究結果顯示制度發展會使產品多樣性對需求風險的影響趨緩。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Supply chain management does not only contain traditional activities like procurement, production, and logistic, but also cooperation with supply chain partners. Supply chain risk has been a popular issue since it cause disruption in supply chain. To manage supply chain risk, companies adopt integration strategies such as vendor managed inventory (VMI). Many studies focus on macro scope to study impact of integration on supply chain performance; few studies draw on attention from view of suppliers. While downstream partner takes charge of demand forecast, vendor also seeks a way to control demand uncertainty. One way to manage demand uncertainty is adjusting product portfolio. We empirically examined the U-shape relationship between product variety and demand risk. In addition, this study merge institutional theory, enclosing institutional variables (marketization degree and government support on R&D) at hub level in China. The result indicate that institutional development weakens the negative effect of product variety.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract i\nAcknowledgement ii\nTable of Content iii\nList of Figures and Tables iv\n1. Introduction 1\n2. Literature review 3\n2.1. Supply chain risk management 3\n2.2. Institutional theory 7\n3. Hypothesis development 12\n3.1. Product variety and demand risk 12\n3.2. Moderating effect of marketization degree 13\n3.3. Moderating effect of government support on R&D 15\n4. Methodology 16\n4.1. The semiconductor industry 16\n4.2. Sampling and data collection 17\n4.3. Measurements 17\n4.4. Model 19\n5. Analysis and results 19\n6. Discussion 23\n6.1. Theoretical contributions 23\n6.2. Managerial implications 24\n6.3. Limitations and further research 24\nReference 25zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2523378 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104351005en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應鏈風險zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 需求風險zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 需求不確定性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產品多樣性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 制度發展zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Supply chain risken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Demand risken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Demand uncertaintyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Product varietyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Institutional developmenten_US
dc.title (題名) 產品多樣性對需求風險的影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The impact of product variety on demand risken_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cai, S., Jun, M., & Yang, Z. (2010). Implementing supply chain information integration in China: The role of institutional forces and trust. Journal of Operations Management, 28(3), 257-268. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2009.11.005\nCardozo, R. N., & Smith, D. K. (1983). Applying Financial Portfolio Theory to Product Portfolio Decisions: An Empirical Study. Journal of Marketing, 47(2), 110-119. doi:10.2307/1251498\nCecil North, D. (1990). Institutional Change and Economic Performance.\nChild, J., & Tse, D. K. (2001). China`s Transition and Its Implications for International Business. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1), 5-21.\nChong, J.-K., Ho, T., & Tang, C. (2005). Demand Modeling in Product Line Trimming: Substitutability and Variability (Vol. 16).\nCorredoira, R. A., & McDermott, G. A. (2014). Adaptation, bridging and firm upgrading: How non-market institutions and MNCs facilitate knowledge recombination in emerging markets. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(6), 699-722. doi:10.1057/jibs.2014.19\nDebora Viana Thompson, Rebecca W. Hamilton, & Rust, R. T. (2005). Feature Fatigue: When Product Capabilities Become Too Much of a Good Thing. Journal of Marketing Research, 42(4), 431-442. doi:10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.4.431\nDiMaggio, P. J. (1983). State expansion and organizational fields. Beverly Hills: Sage.\nDiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160. doi:10.2307/2095101\nDong, M. C., Ju, M., & Fang, Y. (2016). Role hazard between supply chain partners in an institutionally fragmented market. Journal of Operations Management, 46, 5-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2016.07.006\nFeldman, E., Lehrer, F. A., & Ray, T. L. (1966). Warehouse Location under Continuous Economies of Scale. Management Science, 12(9), 670-684.\nGao, G., Murray, J., Kotabe, M., & Lu, J. (2010). A “strategy tripod” perspective on export behaviors: Evidence from domestic and foreign firms based in an emerging economy. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(3), 377-396. doi:10.1057/jibs.2009.27\nGao, Y., Shu, C., Jiang, X., Gao, S., & Page, A. L. (2017). Managerial ties and product innovation: The moderating roles of macro- and micro-institutional environments. Long Range Planning, 50(2), 168-183. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2016.11.005\nGu, J., Goetschalckx, M., & McGinnis, L. F. (2010). Research on warehouse design and performance evaluation: A comprehensive review. European Journal of Operational Research, 203(3), 539-549. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.07.031\nHaans, R., Constant, P., & He, Z. L. (2016). Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U‐ and inverted U‐shaped relationships in strategy research. Strategic Management Journal, 37(7), 1177-1195. doi:doi:10.1002/smj.2399\nHarrison, A., & Christopher, M. (1999). Creating the Agile Supply Chain: Institute of Logistics.\nHasan, I., Wachtel, P., & Zhou, M. (2009). Institutional development, financial deepening and economic growth: Evidence from China. Journal of Banking & Finance, 33(1), 157-170. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2007.11.016\nHayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS : A Versatile Computational Tool for Observed Variable Mediation , Moderation , and Conditional Process Modeling 1.\nHuang, X., Gattiker, T. F., & Schroeder, R. G. (2010). Do Competitive Priorities Drive Adoption of Electronic Commerce Applications? Testing the Contingency and Institutional Views. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46(3), 57-69. doi:doi:10.1111/j.1745-493X.2010.03198.x\nHuo, B., Han, Z., Zhao, X., Zhou, H., Wood, C. H., & Zhai, X. (2013). The impact of institutional pressures on supplier integration and financial performance: Evidence from China. International Journal of Production Economics, 146(1), 82-94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.01.013\nJackson, G., & Deeg, R. (2008). Comparing capitalisms: understanding institutional diversity and its implications for international business. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(4), 540-561. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400375\nJacobs, M. A., & Swink, M. (2011). Product portfolio architectural complexity and operational performance: Incorporating the roles of learning and fixed assets. Journal of Operations Management, 29(7), 677-691. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2011.03.002\nKahn, J. A. (1987). Inventories and the Volatility of Production. The American Economic Review, 77(4), 667-679.\nKannan, G., Grigore, M. C., Devika, K., & Senthilkumar, A. (2013). An analysis of the general benefits of a centralised VMI system based on the EOQ model. International Journal of Production Research, 51(1), 172-188. doi:10.1080/00207543.2011.653838\nKiggundu, M. N., xf, rgensen, J. J., & Hafsi, T. (1983). Administrative Theory and Practice in Developing Countries: A Synthesis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(1), 66-84. doi:10.2307/2392387\nLi, H., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2001). Product innovation strategy and the performance of new technology ventures in China. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1123-1134.\nLuce, R. D., & Raiffa, H. (1957). Games and decisions: Introduction and critical survey. Oxford, England: Wiley.\nMarch, J. G., & Shapira, Z. (1987). Managerial Perspectives on Risk and Risk Taking. Management Science, 33(11), 1404.\nMarkowitz, H. M. (1959). Portfolio Selection\nEfficient Diversification of Investments: Yale University Press.\nMehrjoo, M., & Pasek, Z. J. (2014). Impact of Product Variety on Supply Chain in Fast Fashion Apparel Industry. Procedia CIRP, 17, 296-301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.01.082\nMiller, R. B. (2006). Taming the Volatile Sales Cycle. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(2), 10.\nMin, H. (2015). The Essentials of Supply Chain Management: New Business Concepts and Applications: PH Professional Business.\nPeng, M. W. (2003). Institutional Transitions and Strategic Choices. The Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 275-296. doi:10.2307/30040713\nRandall, T., & Ulrich, K. (2001). Product Variety, Supply Chain Structure, and Firm Performance: Analysis of the U.S. Bicycle Industry. Management Science, 47(12), 1588-1604. doi:10.1287/mnsc.47.12.1588.10237\nScott, W. R. (1987). The Adolescence of Institutional Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(4), 493-511. doi:10.2307/2392880\nScott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.\nShibin Sheng, Kevin Zheng Zhou, & Li, J. J. (2011). The Effects of Business and Political Ties on Firm Performance: Evidence from China. 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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.IB.002.2018.F06-