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題名 臺灣社會企業認證指標建構之研究
A Research of Constructing Certification Indicators for Social Enterprise in Taiwan作者 岳佳莉 貢獻者 詹中原
岳佳莉關鍵詞 社會企業
認證
指標
Social enterprises
Certification
Indicator日期 2018 上傳時間 3-Jul-2018 17:34:32 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究之目的在於檢視各國社會企業之認證指標,關注社會企業認證之途徑,探索適合臺灣社會企業之認證方式,及其可能涉及之政策或法制問題,據以建構適合臺灣社會企業之認證指標,以利明確認定社會企業,獲得政策及社會大眾認可與支持,提升社會企業之公信力,型塑友善社會企業發展之環境。本研究以前述認證途徑為基礎,分析社會企業指標的內涵,並據以與國際社會企業認證指標進行比較分析,最後,透過實務討論與學理架構的對話,進一步建構適合臺灣社會企業生態之認證指標,並據以提出相關之研究建議。為達前述目的,本研究透過文獻分析,從社會經濟與社會企業家兩個途徑,進行英國SEM,香港SEE MARK,韓國KoSEA 及美國B Corp 四種具代表性社會企業認證指標之分析;另,本研究採取深度訪談法及焦點團體法蒐集初級資料,分別邀請14 位及8 位與社會企業有關之產官學專家學者,以廣泛蒐集對於社會企業認證之認知與共識,進而分析聚焦出適合臺灣未來發展之社會企業認證指標。研究發現,臺灣社會企業認證尚屬萌芽階段,無論是認證機構、大眾認知度或政策工具的設計,其實都相當不足,本研究基於前述結論之觀點,針對臺灣社會企業認證指標之設計,提出立即可行及中長期發展的建議。
The purpose of this research lies in looking over the certification indicators of socialenterprises of various countries, regard certification approach in social enterprises as thecore, explore the feasible way that the social enterprises of Taiwan certification, andrelevant policies or legal system, to constructing the certification indicators which suits thesocial enterprises of Taiwan, so as to define social enterprises clearly, strive for the supportof policy and the masses, improve the public trust of social enterprises, set up the friendlyenvironment of social enterprise`s development. Based on the literature of certificationapproach in the past, analyzed the content of the social enterprise`s indicators, and carry oncomparative analysis with the international community, finally, pass the dialogue withtheory of the practice, it suits the social enterprise`s ecological certification indicators inTaiwan, and in order to put forward the relevant research suggestion. In order to reach thepurpose, this research analyzes, from two routes of society`s economic and socialentrepreneur through the literature, including SEM in Britain, SEE MARK in Hong Kong,KoSEA in South Korean and B Corp in U.S.A., four representative social enterprisescertification indicators as the example; Moreover, by conducting in-deep interviews andfocus group to collect the first-hand materials, invite 14 and 8 stakeholders related to socialenterprise separately, collect cognition and common understanding to that socialenterprises certification, and then propose the suitable certification indicators for socialenterprises in Taiwan in the future. Discover, however at budding stage, certificationorganization, people`s cognition or policy tool is still insufficient, several conclusions arereached. The research put forward the feasible suggestion of immediately and medium orlong term certification the design of the indicator to the social enterprises of Taiwan.參考文獻 一、 中文部分Honeyman, R(2015)。B 型企業:現在最需要的好公司(陳俐雯譯)。臺北市:城邦商業週刊。王歡(2017)。臺灣社會企業認證之途徑與作法。臺灣師範大學社會教育學系碩士論文,未出版。金戴久、趙顯株(2013)。當前韓國社會企業的重要議題與相關政策。社區發展季刊,143,140-150。吳宗昇、周宗穎、張抒凡(2013)。公益創投的嘗試與探索:公益2.0 案例的SROI成效評估。社區發展季刊,143,28-38。官有垣(2008)。社會企業組織在經營管理的挑戰:以喜憨兒社會福利基金會為案例。兒童及少年福利期刊,14,63-80。官有垣(2017)。從社會經濟的觀點探討社會企業的意涵。社區發展季刊,160,10-27。莊文忠(2013)。績效指標建構的二元論證:以地方政府廉政指數為例。法政學報,25,65-100。郭昭佑(2001)。教育評鑑指標建構方法探究。國教學報,13,257-285。陳金貴(2002)。非營利組織社會企業化經營探討。新世紀智庫論壇,19,39-51。張芳全、余民寧(2002)。國家發展指標之指標建構研究。教育與社會研究,4,71-110。孫志麟(2000)。國民教育指標體系建構之研究。國立台北師範學院學報,13,121-148。黃德舜、鄭勝分、陳淑娟、吳佳霖(2014)。社會企業管理。新北市:指南書局。鄭勝分(2007)。社會企業的概念分析。政策研究學報,7,65-108。鄭勝分、劉育欣(2013)。社會企業政策支持系統之初探。社區發展,143,28-38。鄭勝分(2009),社會企業發展之政策研究(135-153 頁)。載於江明修(編),公民社會:理論與實踐,臺北市:智勝文化。鄭勝分(2016)。補助或投資?政策工具對社會企業發展之影響。行政暨政策學報,62,127-157。鄭勝分(2018)。我國社會企業認證之方式與指標。國土及公共治理季刊,6,1,26-35。二、英文部分Bidet, E., and H. S. Eum(2011). Social Enterprise in South Korea: History and Diversity.Social Enterprise Journal, 7(1), 69-85.Borzaga, C.(2013). Social Enterprise, In L. Bruni and S. Zamagni(eds). Handbook on theEconomics of Reciprocity and Social Enterprise, pp.318-326. Cheltenham andNorthampton: Edward Elgar.Borzaga, C. and J. Defourny (eds). (2001). The Emergence of Social Enterprise. Londonand New York: Routledge.Defourny, J. (2001). Introduction: From Third Sector to Social Enterprise, In C. Borzagaand J. Defourny(eds.), The Emergence of Social Enterprise, pp.1-28, London andNew York: Routledge.Defourny, J., and P. Develtere (2009). The Social Economy: The Worldwide Making of aThird Sector. In J., Defourny, P., Develtere, B., Fonteneau, and M., Nyssens (eds.),The Worldwide Making of the Social Economy. Innovations and Changes, pp.15-40.Leuven and The Hague: Acco.Defourny, J., and S. Y. Kim (2011). Emerging Models of Social Enterprise in Eastern Asia:A Cross-country Aalysis. Social Enterprise Journal, 7(1), 86-111.Defourny, J. and M. Nyssens (2012). Conception of Social Enterprise in Europe: AComparative Perspective with the United States. In B. Gidron and Y. Hasenfeld (eds),Social Enterprise: An Organizational Perspective, pp.71-90. Hampshire: PalgraveMacmillan.European Commission (2014). A Map of Social Enterprise and their Eco-systems inEurope. London: European Commission.Galera, G. and C. Borzaga(2009). Social Enterprise: An International Overview of ItsConceptual Evolution and Legal Implementation, Social Enterprise Journal, 5(3),210-228.Giancarlo, G. (2016). Equity Crowdfunding of an Entrepreneurial Activity, in D.Audretcsh, E. Lehmann, M. Meoli and S. Vismara (Eds.), University Evolution,Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness, pp.415-425. Cham: Springer.Gidron, B. and Y. Hasenfeld(2012)(eds.). Social Enterprises: An Organization Perspective.Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.Lane, M. L.(2011). Social Enterprise: Empowering Mission-Driven Entrepreneurs.Chicago: American Bar Association.Lee, E. S.(2015). Social Enterprise, Policy Entrepreneurs, and the Third Sector: The Caseof South Korea. Voluntas, 26: 1084-1099.Mohd Tobi, S. U. (2012). Social Enterprise Application in Urban Facilities ManagementSetting: A Service Delivery Model. Saarbrücken: Lap Lambert Academic Publishing.Murray, J. H.(2012).Choose Your Own Mater: Social Enterprise, Certifications, andBenefit Corporation Statutes. American University Business Law Review Vol.2:1. 取 自網路:http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1015&context=aublr,查詢日期:2017 年5 月4 日。OECD (1999). Social Enterprise. Paris: OECD.OECD(2003). The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy. OECD.OECD (2015). Social Impact Investment: Building the Evidence Base. Paris: OECD.Ridley-Duff, R. and C. Southcombe(2011). The Social Enterprise Mark: A Critical Reviewof Its Conceptual Dimensions. In: 34th Institute of Small Business andEntrepreneurship, University pf Sheffield, 9th/10th November, England.Stecker, M. J. (2016). Awash in a Sea of Confusion: Benefit Corporations, SocialEnterprise, and the Fear of Greenwashing. Journal of Economics Issues, 2: 373-38.Sulewski, T. , R. Dzombak, C. Bell and K. Mehta(2012). A Systemic and SystematicAssessment Methodology for Technology-based Social Eenterprise. InternationalJournal for Service Learning in Engineering, 7(2),13-34.Wilburn, K. and R. Wilburn(2014). The Double Bottom Line: Profit and Social Benefit.Business Horizons, 57, 11-20.三、網站資料中國慈善項目交流展示會網站(2018),網址:http://www.cncf.org.cn/,查詢日期:2018/3/25。香港社會企業有限公司網站(2018),網址:http://www.seemark.hk/,查詢日期:2018/3/25。長榮大學尤努斯社會企業研究中心網站(2018),網址:http://sites.cjcu.edu.tw/yunus/,查詢日期:2018/3/25。虛擬世界法規調適交流平台網站討論主題「公司法修法系列:社會企業宜否入法」(2018),網址:https://www.vtaiwan.org.tw/model.aspx?no=278,查詢日期:2018/3/25。韓國法務部網站(2018A),網址:http://www.law.go.kr/eng/engLsSc.do?menuId=1&query=social+enterprise&x=0&y=0#liBgcolor0,查詢日期:2018/3/25。韓國法務部網站(2018B),網址:http://www.law.go.kr/eng/engLsSc.do?menuId=1&query=social+enterprise&x=0&y=0#liBgcolor0,查詢日期:2018/3/25。桃園市政府青年事務局網站(2018),網址:http://youth.tycg.gov.tw,查詢日期:2018/4/8。臺中市政府經濟發展局網站(2018),網址:http://www.economic.taichung.gov.tw,查詢日期:2018/4/8。臺北市政府產業發展局網站(2018),網址:http://www.doed.gov.taipei/ct.asp?xItem=293283631&ctNode=26700&mp=105001,查詢日期:2018/3/25。臺灣公益團體自律聯盟網站(2017),網址:http://www.twnpos.org.tw/home/home.php,查詢日期:2017/5/22。臺灣公益團體自律聯盟網站(2018),網址:http://www.twnpos.org.tw/home/home.php,查詢日期:2018/3/25。B LAB 網站(2018A),網址:https://www.bcorporation.net/become-a-b-corp/how-to-become-a-b-corp/make-it-official,查詢日期:2018/4/8。B LAB 網站(2018B),網址:https://www.bcorporation.net/sites/default/files/documents/The-B-Corp_Handbook_Sample.pdf,查詢日期:2018/3/25。B LAB 網站(2018C),網址:https://www.bcorporation.net/become-a-b-corp/why-become-a-b-corp,查詢日期:2018/3/25。SEUK 網站(2018),網址:https://www.socialenterprise.org.uk,查詢日期:2018/3/25。SEM 網站(2018A),網址:https://www.socialenterprisemark.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/SEM-Qualification-criteria-May-16.pdf,查詢日期:2017/3/25。SEM 網站(2018B),網址:https://www.socialenterprisemark.org.uk/goldmark/,查詢日期:2018/3/25。SEE MARK 網站(2018),網址:http://ww。w.seemark.hk/aboutus/welcomespeech/,查詢日期:2018/3/25。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
103921006資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1039210061 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 詹中原 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 岳佳莉 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 岳佳莉 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2018 en_US dc.date.accessioned 3-Jul-2018 17:34:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 3-Jul-2018 17:34:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Jul-2018 17:34:32 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1039210061 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/118290 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 行政管理碩士學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103921006 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究之目的在於檢視各國社會企業之認證指標,關注社會企業認證之途徑,探索適合臺灣社會企業之認證方式,及其可能涉及之政策或法制問題,據以建構適合臺灣社會企業之認證指標,以利明確認定社會企業,獲得政策及社會大眾認可與支持,提升社會企業之公信力,型塑友善社會企業發展之環境。本研究以前述認證途徑為基礎,分析社會企業指標的內涵,並據以與國際社會企業認證指標進行比較分析,最後,透過實務討論與學理架構的對話,進一步建構適合臺灣社會企業生態之認證指標,並據以提出相關之研究建議。為達前述目的,本研究透過文獻分析,從社會經濟與社會企業家兩個途徑,進行英國SEM,香港SEE MARK,韓國KoSEA 及美國B Corp 四種具代表性社會企業認證指標之分析;另,本研究採取深度訪談法及焦點團體法蒐集初級資料,分別邀請14 位及8 位與社會企業有關之產官學專家學者,以廣泛蒐集對於社會企業認證之認知與共識,進而分析聚焦出適合臺灣未來發展之社會企業認證指標。研究發現,臺灣社會企業認證尚屬萌芽階段,無論是認證機構、大眾認知度或政策工具的設計,其實都相當不足,本研究基於前述結論之觀點,針對臺灣社會企業認證指標之設計,提出立即可行及中長期發展的建議。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this research lies in looking over the certification indicators of socialenterprises of various countries, regard certification approach in social enterprises as thecore, explore the feasible way that the social enterprises of Taiwan certification, andrelevant policies or legal system, to constructing the certification indicators which suits thesocial enterprises of Taiwan, so as to define social enterprises clearly, strive for the supportof policy and the masses, improve the public trust of social enterprises, set up the friendlyenvironment of social enterprise`s development. Based on the literature of certificationapproach in the past, analyzed the content of the social enterprise`s indicators, and carry oncomparative analysis with the international community, finally, pass the dialogue withtheory of the practice, it suits the social enterprise`s ecological certification indicators inTaiwan, and in order to put forward the relevant research suggestion. In order to reach thepurpose, this research analyzes, from two routes of society`s economic and socialentrepreneur through the literature, including SEM in Britain, SEE MARK in Hong Kong,KoSEA in South Korean and B Corp in U.S.A., four representative social enterprisescertification indicators as the example; Moreover, by conducting in-deep interviews andfocus group to collect the first-hand materials, invite 14 and 8 stakeholders related to socialenterprise separately, collect cognition and common understanding to that socialenterprises certification, and then propose the suitable certification indicators for socialenterprises in Taiwan in the future. Discover, however at budding stage, certificationorganization, people`s cognition or policy tool is still insufficient, several conclusions arereached. The research put forward the feasible suggestion of immediately and medium orlong term certification the design of the indicator to the social enterprises of Taiwan. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章緒論.........................1第一節研究背景與動機..................... 1第二節研究目的.......................... 5第三節研究範圍及流程..................... 7第二章文獻探討................... 11第一節認證指標之方法論基礎與理論架構. 12第二節社會經濟途徑的指標........... 19第三節社會企業家途徑的指標..........31第四節社會企業指標之比較分析....... 34第三章 研究設計與實施............. 37第一節研究途徑與架構.............. 37第二節研究方法................... 38第四章 研究分析與討論............. 45第一節社會企業認證指標之建構....... 45第二節社會企業認證途徑分析........ 53第三節社會企業認證指標分析........ 66第五章 結論與建議........ ....... 75第一節研究結論.................. 75第二節研究建議.................. 79 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1939379 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1039210061 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會企業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 認證 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 指標 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social enterprises en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Certification en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indicator en_US dc.title (題名) 臺灣社會企業認證指標建構之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Research of Constructing Certification Indicators for Social Enterprise in Taiwan en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文部分Honeyman, R(2015)。B 型企業:現在最需要的好公司(陳俐雯譯)。臺北市:城邦商業週刊。王歡(2017)。臺灣社會企業認證之途徑與作法。臺灣師範大學社會教育學系碩士論文,未出版。金戴久、趙顯株(2013)。當前韓國社會企業的重要議題與相關政策。社區發展季刊,143,140-150。吳宗昇、周宗穎、張抒凡(2013)。公益創投的嘗試與探索:公益2.0 案例的SROI成效評估。社區發展季刊,143,28-38。官有垣(2008)。社會企業組織在經營管理的挑戰:以喜憨兒社會福利基金會為案例。兒童及少年福利期刊,14,63-80。官有垣(2017)。從社會經濟的觀點探討社會企業的意涵。社區發展季刊,160,10-27。莊文忠(2013)。績效指標建構的二元論證:以地方政府廉政指數為例。法政學報,25,65-100。郭昭佑(2001)。教育評鑑指標建構方法探究。國教學報,13,257-285。陳金貴(2002)。非營利組織社會企業化經營探討。新世紀智庫論壇,19,39-51。張芳全、余民寧(2002)。國家發展指標之指標建構研究。教育與社會研究,4,71-110。孫志麟(2000)。國民教育指標體系建構之研究。國立台北師範學院學報,13,121-148。黃德舜、鄭勝分、陳淑娟、吳佳霖(2014)。社會企業管理。新北市:指南書局。鄭勝分(2007)。社會企業的概念分析。政策研究學報,7,65-108。鄭勝分、劉育欣(2013)。社會企業政策支持系統之初探。社區發展,143,28-38。鄭勝分(2009),社會企業發展之政策研究(135-153 頁)。載於江明修(編),公民社會:理論與實踐,臺北市:智勝文化。鄭勝分(2016)。補助或投資?政策工具對社會企業發展之影響。行政暨政策學報,62,127-157。鄭勝分(2018)。我國社會企業認證之方式與指標。國土及公共治理季刊,6,1,26-35。二、英文部分Bidet, E., and H. S. Eum(2011). Social Enterprise in South Korea: History and Diversity.Social Enterprise Journal, 7(1), 69-85.Borzaga, C.(2013). Social Enterprise, In L. Bruni and S. Zamagni(eds). Handbook on theEconomics of Reciprocity and Social Enterprise, pp.318-326. Cheltenham andNorthampton: Edward Elgar.Borzaga, C. and J. Defourny (eds). (2001). The Emergence of Social Enterprise. Londonand New York: Routledge.Defourny, J. (2001). Introduction: From Third Sector to Social Enterprise, In C. Borzagaand J. Defourny(eds.), The Emergence of Social Enterprise, pp.1-28, London andNew York: Routledge.Defourny, J., and P. Develtere (2009). The Social Economy: The Worldwide Making of aThird Sector. In J., Defourny, P., Develtere, B., Fonteneau, and M., Nyssens (eds.),The Worldwide Making of the Social Economy. Innovations and Changes, pp.15-40.Leuven and The Hague: Acco.Defourny, J., and S. Y. Kim (2011). Emerging Models of Social Enterprise in Eastern Asia:A Cross-country Aalysis. 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