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題名 獲取全球性之票房勝利：中國電影在全球市場之機會與挑戰
Achieving worldwide box-office success: opportunities and challenges for chinese movies in the global market
作者 譚慕歌
Taveau, Margaux
貢獻者 冷則剛
Leng, Tze-Kang
譚慕歌
Taveau, Margaux
關鍵詞 中國
電影
出口
共同製作
軟實力
China
Films
Exports
Co-productions
Soft power
日期 2018
上傳時間 10-Jul-2018 15:35:00 (UTC+8)
摘要 This thesis aimed at looking at the current state of exports of Chinese movies as well as at the other ways for the Chinese film industry to conquer international markets. Chinese films are not an easy product to export, and up to now, only a very small number have been successful. They are complicated to sell abroad because, like most artistic products, they face cultural and economic barriers, but most importantly, it is a matter of quality. The Chinese industry is currently not capable of producing high-quality movies that could attract international audiences. Aware of this weakness, the key players in the industry have turned to other ways to learn how to dominate the global market, primarily by working with their Hollywood counterparts. Several strategies have been set up: movie co-production, in which Chinese staff get to work with foreign ones; investments in production studios; or even a complete acquisition of established foreign film companies. There is also a strong political motivation behind the issue of selling Chinese movies abroad: China’s clear intentions of broadcasting Chinese culture to increase their soft power and influence abroad require Chinese movies to be able to reach non-domestic audiences.
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"Alibaba Pictures Strengthens Organisational Structure To Become Internet-based Integrated Entertainment Company." Alibaba Pictures, www.alibabapictures.com/upload/2008/67d077f4-5dfd-4c6d-8527-9625d8ce080f.pdf, 12 Aug. 2015.
“Amblin Partners.” Amblin Partners, www.amblinpartners.com/.
Aranburu, Ainhoa Marzol. “The Film Industry in China: Past and Present.” Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business, vol. 2, 2017, revistes.ub.edu/index.php/JESB/article/view/j021/20377.
Barboza, David. “China Escalates Hollywood Partnerships, Aiming to Compete One Day.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 19 Jan. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/china-escalates-hollywood-partnerships-aiming-to-compete-one-day.html.
Brzeski, Patrick and Georg Szalai. "Cannes Festival: Chinese Cinema Snubbed Again in Official Selection." Hollywood Reporter, no. 12, 13 Apr. 2017, p. 11. EBSCOhost.
Brzeski, Patrick, and Scott Roxborough. “After `The Great Wall,` Can China-Hollywood Co-Productions Be Saved?” The Hollywood Reporter, 18 May 2017, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/great-wall-can-china-hollywood-productions-be-saved-1005240.
Brzeski, Patrick. “After `The Great Wall,` Can China-Hollywood Co-Productions Be Saved?” The Hollywood Reporter, 18 May 2017, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/great-wall-can-china-hollywood-productions-be-saved-1005240.
Brzeski, Patrick. “China`s Alibaba to Invest $7.2B in Entertainment Over Three Years.” The Hollywood Reporter, 28 Dec. 2016, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/alibaba-invest-72b-entertainment-three-years-959747.
Chen, Chwen Chwen. “The Struggle of Chinese Film Productions Going Global.” Coauthored with De Masi, Vincenzo; Negro, Gian Luigi; Zhang, Zhan. Chinese Culture on the World Stage. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 2012.
“China`s Film Industry – a New Era.” Deloitte China, 23 Dec. 2016, www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/
technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/chinese-culture-entertainment.html.
Chow, Vivienne. “China`s Silk Road Initiative Could Have Far-Reaching Consequences for Entertainment Industry.” Variety, 13 Sept. 2017, variety.com/2017/biz/news/silk-road-infrastructure-initiative.
Chu, Y. “The politics of reception: ‘Made in China’ and western critique.” International Journal of Cultural Studies, 17, 159–173, 2014.
"Entgroup China Boxoffice." 2018 http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/.
Fergus, Ryan. “China`s Huayi Brothers Sees 2016 Profit Fall.” China Film Insider, 8 June 2017, chinafilminsider.com/chinas-huayi-brothers-sees-2016-profit-fall/.
FocusEconomics. “China Economy - GDP, Inflation, CPI and Interest Rate.”, 24 Apr. 2018, www.focus-economics.com/countries/china.
Follows, Stephen. “How Movies Make Money: $100m+ Hollywood Blockbusters.” Stephen Follows, 18 July 2016, stephenfollows.com/how-movies-make-money-hollywood-blockbusters/.
Fosun. “Annual Report 2015.” 2015.
Frater, Patrick. “Animation Is Role Model for Chinese Co-Production, Beijing Festival Is Told.” Variety, 30 Apr. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/animation-is-coproduction-role-model-beijing-festival.
Frater, Patrick. “China and Japan Hatching Co-Production Treaty.” Variety, 4 Apr. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/china-japan-co-production-treaty-1202743482/.
Frater, Patrick. “China Movie Industry Oversight Shifted to Communist Propaganda Department.” Variety, 21 Mar. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/china-movie-regulation-communist-propaganda-department-1202732209/.
Frater, Patrick. “Inside Alibaba and Tencent`s Plans for World Media Domination.” Variety, Variety, 3 May 2018, variety.com/2018/biz/asia/alibaba-tencent-china-1202795583/.
Frater, Patrick. “Netflix Buys China`s Disputed Box Office Champion `Us And Them`.” Variety, 7 May 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/netflix-buys-china-disputed-box-office-champion-us-and-them.
Gayton, Melissa. “Chinawood: Why the Chinese Movie Industry Faces Challenges in International Markets.” Harvard Political Review, 19 June 2017, harvardpolitics.com/culture/chinawood-chinese-movie-industry-faces-challenges-in-international-markets/.
Grealy, Liam. “Pleasant Goat and the Big Bad Wolf.” Media Classification, 2013, www.mediaclassification.org/timeline-event/pleasant-goat-big-bad-wolf-v-china-classification/.
Hoskins, C., McFadyen, S., Finn, A. (2000), Cultural industries from an Economic/Business Research Perspective, Canadian Journal of Communication 25 (1):127-144.
Jie, Kou. “Xi Calls for Enhancement of China`s Cultural Soft Power.” People`s Daily Online, 18 Oct. 2017, en.people.cn/n3/2017/1018/c90000-9281415.html.
Knowledge@Wharton. “Why Huayi Brothers Wants to Become the Disney of China.” Knowledge@Wharton
9 Apr. 2014, knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/huayi-brothers-wants-become-disney-china/.
KOFIC. "Box Office Revenue in South Korea from January to October 2017, by Film`s Country of Origin." Statista, www.statista.com/statistics/625780/south-korea-box-office-revenue-country/.
Lang, Brent, and Gene Maddaus. “Lawmakers Raise Questions About Chinese Investment in Hollywood.” Variety, Variety, 23 Sept. 2016, variety.com/2016/film/news/wanda-lawmakers-raise-questions-about-chinese-investment-in-hollywood-1201868250/.
Lee, Traci G. “With `The Great Wall` Comes Great Challenges as China`s Influence in Hollywood Grows.” NBCNews.com, NBCUniversal News Group, 14 Feb. 2017, www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/great-wall-comes-great-challenges-china-s-influence-hollywood-grows-n719461.
Lin, Daisy. “Alibaba Pictures President Says Don’t Give Up.” East West Bank Reach Further, 1 Feb. 2018, www.eastwestbank.com/ReachFurther/News/Article/Alibaba-Pictures-President-Says-Dont-GiveUp.
Lin, Lilian. “To Film `Wolf Totem,` French Director Raised Chinese Wolves.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 27 May 2014, blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/05/27/to-film-wolf-totem-french-director-raised-chinese-wolves/.
Liu, Petrus. “Wolf Warrior II: The Rise of China and Gender/Sexuality Politics.” Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, The Ohio State University, 22 Feb. 2018, u.osu.edu/mclc/2018/02/22/wolf-warrior-ii-the-rise-of-china-and-gendersexuality-politics/.
Ma, Wayne. “How a Plague on the Movie and Music Industries Became Their Chief Protector in China.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 21 May 2017, www.wsj.com/articles/how-a-plague-on-the-movie-and-music-industries-became-their-chief-protector-in-china.
Marketline. "China - Movies & Entertainment." Marketline. Aug. 2017.
McNary, Dave. “Glen Keane to Direct Animation `Over the Moon` for China`s Pearl Studio, Netflix.” Variety, Variety, 8 Feb. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/awards/glen-keane-direct-animated-movie-over-the-moon-1202689347/.
Mendelson, Scott. “Why `Black Panther` And `Monster Hunt 2` Are Both Box Office Game Changers.” Forbes, 19 Feb. 2018, www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2018/02/19/why-black-panther-and-monster-hunt-2-are-both-box-office-game-changers.
Motion Picture Association and China Film Coproduction Corporation. “China-International Film Co-Production Handbook.” 2014.
Ng, Dominic. "Chinese Investment in Hollywood: Focus on Opportunity." China Business Review, Nov. 2016, p. 4. EBSCOhost.
Otterson, Joe. “China`s Huayi Bros. Close 3-Year Film Slate Deal with STX Entertainment.” TheWrap, 1 Apr. 2015, www.thewrap.com/chinas-huayi-bros-close-3-year-film-slate-deal-with-stx-entertainment/.
Oxford Economics. “The Economic Contribution of Film and Television in China in 2016.”
Peng, Weiying. “China, Film Coproduction and Soft Power Competition.” Creative Industries Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2015.
Peng, Weiying. “Sino-US film coproduction: A global media primer.” Global Media and China, Vol. 1, 2016.
Rawnsley, Gary and Ming-Yeh Rawnsley. “Global Chinese cinema: the culture and politics of Hero.” New York, Routledge, 2010.
Rousse-Marquet, Jennifer. “The Unique Story of the South Korean Film Industry.” InaGlobal, InaGlobal, 30 Sept. 2013, www.inaglobal.fr/en/cinema/article/unique-story-south-korean-film-industry.
Schwartzel, Erich. “China Recreates the Silk Road to Challenge Hollywood.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 27 Dec. 2017, www.wsj.com/articles/china-recreates-the-silk-road-to-challenge-hollywood-1514390400.
Shaw, Lucas. “Jeff Robinov`s Studio 8 Scores Major Investment From Chinese Conglomerate.” TheWrap, 23 June 2014, www.thewrap.com/jeff-robinovs-studio-8-scores-major-investment-from-chinese-conglomerate-fosun-international/.
Statista. “Film industry in China.” Aug. 2016.
Statista. “Internet usage in China.” July 2016.
Su, Wendy. “A brave new world?—Understanding U.S.-China coproductions: collaboration, conflicts, and obstacles”, Critical Studies in Media Communication, 34:5, 480-494, 2017.
Su, Wendy. “New strategies of China’s film industry as soft power.” Global Media and Communication, Vol 6, Issue 3, pp. 317 – 322, 21 Dec. 2010.
Sun, Rebecca. “Chinese Film Executive Calls U.S. Lawmakers` Concern About Hollywood Investments ‘A Joke.’” The Hollywood Reporter, The Hollywood Reporter, 7 Nov. 2016, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/chinese-film-executive-calls-us-lawmakers-concern-hollywood-investments-a-joke-944650.
Tartaglione, Nancy. “China Film Industry To Be Regulated By Communist Party Propaganda Department.” Deadline, 21 Mar. 2018, deadline.com/2018/03/china-film-industry-regulation-communist-party-propaganda-department-1202350328/.
"The Wanda Group." Wanda Studios , www.wandastudios.com/about-us/the-wanda-group/.
Wei, Zhao. “New Report Examines the Demographics and Habits of Moviegoers in China.”SINA English, 4 Feb. 2016, english.sina.com/entertainment/p/2016/0203/887751.html.
Woo, Ryan. “Alibaba Pictures, Amblin to Co-Produce Films for Global, Chinese...” Reuters, Thomson Reuters, 9 Oct. 2016, www.reuters.com/article/us-ali-pictures-amblin-partnership-idUSKCN129072.
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Yalan, Liu. “Why Huayi Brothers, China`s Media Moguls, Started a New Company and Gave Employees Tons of Stocks.” Business Insider, Business Insider, 13 Sept. 2015, www.businessinsider.com/huayi-brothers-strategy-2015-9.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
106933056
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106933056
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 冷則剛zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Leng, Tze-Kangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 譚慕歌zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Taveau, Margauxen_US
dc.creator (作者) 譚慕歌zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Taveau, Margauxen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 10-Jul-2018 15:35:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 10-Jul-2018 15:35:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-Jul-2018 15:35:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106933056en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/118546-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106933056zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis aimed at looking at the current state of exports of Chinese movies as well as at the other ways for the Chinese film industry to conquer international markets. Chinese films are not an easy product to export, and up to now, only a very small number have been successful. They are complicated to sell abroad because, like most artistic products, they face cultural and economic barriers, but most importantly, it is a matter of quality. The Chinese industry is currently not capable of producing high-quality movies that could attract international audiences. Aware of this weakness, the key players in the industry have turned to other ways to learn how to dominate the global market, primarily by working with their Hollywood counterparts. Several strategies have been set up: movie co-production, in which Chinese staff get to work with foreign ones; investments in production studios; or even a complete acquisition of established foreign film companies. There is also a strong political motivation behind the issue of selling Chinese movies abroad: China’s clear intentions of broadcasting Chinese culture to increase their soft power and influence abroad require Chinese movies to be able to reach non-domestic audiences.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 1. Introduction 1
2. The Chinese film industry 3
2.1. The film industry – How does it work? 3
2.2. Size of the market 4
2.3. PESTEL Analysis 6
2.4. Several trends shaping the industry 11
2.4.1. Becoming the biggest market in the world 11
2.4.2. Capitalizing on crowdfunding 12
2.4.3. Diversifying the revenue sources 12
2.4.4. Using big data to optimize decisions 13
2.4.5. Making the most of franchises 13
2.4.6. Increasing number of co-productions 14
3. Exports 16
3.1. Current situation 16
3.2. Successful exports 17
3.2.1. Hero, a benchmark for Chinese films going global 17
3.2.2. Seizing the opportunity of Chinese animation movies 18
3.3. Barriers 20
3.3.1. Cultural barriers 20
3.3.2. Economic barriers 21
3.3.3. Quality barriers 22
4. Co-productions as a way to reach the global market 24
4.1. Three categories of co-productions 24
4.2. Benefits of engaging in co-productions 25
4.3. Challenges of co-productions 27
4.4. Choosing the right partners 28
4.5. Examples 29
4.5.1. Failure: US-China: The Great Wall 29
4.5.2. Success: France-China: Wolf Totem 31
5. The Korean example 33
5.1. A struggling industry 33
5.2. The Korean Film Council’s crucial role 34
5.3. Results 34
5.4. What can China learn from its successful neighbor? 35
6. The leading companies and their strategies for the international 37
6.1. Investing abroad 37
6.1.1. Wanda Film Group 37
6.1.2. Fosun Group and Studio 8 40
6.2. Engaging in co-production 41
6.2.1. Huayi Brothers 41
6.2.2. Alibaba Pictures Group 43
7. Soft power and cultural influence 47
7.1. Soft Power 47
7.2. The Belt and Road Initiative 47
7.3. Growing concerns in the US 49
8. Conclusion 51

Appendices 54

References 58
 		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106933056en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電影zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 出口zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 共同製作zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軟實力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Filmsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Exportsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Co-productionsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Soft poweren_US
dc.title (題名) 獲取全球性之票房勝利：中國電影在全球市場之機會與挑戰zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Achieving worldwide box-office success: opportunities and challenges for chinese movies in the global marketen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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"Alibaba Pictures Strengthens Organisational Structure To Become Internet-based Integrated Entertainment Company." Alibaba Pictures, www.alibabapictures.com/upload/2008/67d077f4-5dfd-4c6d-8527-9625d8ce080f.pdf, 12 Aug. 2015.
“Amblin Partners.” Amblin Partners, www.amblinpartners.com/.
Aranburu, Ainhoa Marzol. “The Film Industry in China: Past and Present.” Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business, vol. 2, 2017, revistes.ub.edu/index.php/JESB/article/view/j021/20377.
Barboza, David. “China Escalates Hollywood Partnerships, Aiming to Compete One Day.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 19 Jan. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/china-escalates-hollywood-partnerships-aiming-to-compete-one-day.html.
Brzeski, Patrick and Georg Szalai. "Cannes Festival: Chinese Cinema Snubbed Again in Official Selection." Hollywood Reporter, no. 12, 13 Apr. 2017, p. 11. EBSCOhost.
Brzeski, Patrick, and Scott Roxborough. “After `The Great Wall,` Can China-Hollywood Co-Productions Be Saved?” The Hollywood Reporter, 18 May 2017, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/great-wall-can-china-hollywood-productions-be-saved-1005240.
Brzeski, Patrick. “After `The Great Wall,` Can China-Hollywood Co-Productions Be Saved?” The Hollywood Reporter, 18 May 2017, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/great-wall-can-china-hollywood-productions-be-saved-1005240.
Brzeski, Patrick. “China`s Alibaba to Invest $7.2B in Entertainment Over Three Years.” The Hollywood Reporter, 28 Dec. 2016, www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/alibaba-invest-72b-entertainment-three-years-959747.
Chen, Chwen Chwen. “The Struggle of Chinese Film Productions Going Global.” Coauthored with De Masi, Vincenzo; Negro, Gian Luigi; Zhang, Zhan. Chinese Culture on the World Stage. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 2012.
“China`s Film Industry – a New Era.” Deloitte China, 23 Dec. 2016, www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/
technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/chinese-culture-entertainment.html.
Chow, Vivienne. “China`s Silk Road Initiative Could Have Far-Reaching Consequences for Entertainment Industry.” Variety, 13 Sept. 2017, variety.com/2017/biz/news/silk-road-infrastructure-initiative.
Chu, Y. “The politics of reception: ‘Made in China’ and western critique.” International Journal of Cultural Studies, 17, 159–173, 2014.
"Entgroup China Boxoffice." 2018 http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/.
Fergus, Ryan. “China`s Huayi Brothers Sees 2016 Profit Fall.” China Film Insider, 8 June 2017, chinafilminsider.com/chinas-huayi-brothers-sees-2016-profit-fall/.
FocusEconomics. “China Economy - GDP, Inflation, CPI and Interest Rate.”, 24 Apr. 2018, www.focus-economics.com/countries/china.
Follows, Stephen. “How Movies Make Money: $100m+ Hollywood Blockbusters.” Stephen Follows, 18 July 2016, stephenfollows.com/how-movies-make-money-hollywood-blockbusters/.
Fosun. “Annual Report 2015.” 2015.
Frater, Patrick. “Animation Is Role Model for Chinese Co-Production, Beijing Festival Is Told.” Variety, 30 Apr. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/animation-is-coproduction-role-model-beijing-festival.
Frater, Patrick. “China and Japan Hatching Co-Production Treaty.” Variety, 4 Apr. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/china-japan-co-production-treaty-1202743482/.
Frater, Patrick. “China Movie Industry Oversight Shifted to Communist Propaganda Department.” Variety, 21 Mar. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/china-movie-regulation-communist-propaganda-department-1202732209/.
Frater, Patrick. “Inside Alibaba and Tencent`s Plans for World Media Domination.” Variety, Variety, 3 May 2018, variety.com/2018/biz/asia/alibaba-tencent-china-1202795583/.
Frater, Patrick. “Netflix Buys China`s Disputed Box Office Champion `Us And Them`.” Variety, 7 May 2018, variety.com/2018/film/asia/netflix-buys-china-disputed-box-office-champion-us-and-them.
Gayton, Melissa. “Chinawood: Why the Chinese Movie Industry Faces Challenges in International Markets.” Harvard Political Review, 19 June 2017, harvardpolitics.com/culture/chinawood-chinese-movie-industry-faces-challenges-in-international-markets/.
Grealy, Liam. “Pleasant Goat and the Big Bad Wolf.” Media Classification, 2013, www.mediaclassification.org/timeline-event/pleasant-goat-big-bad-wolf-v-china-classification/.
Hoskins, C., McFadyen, S., Finn, A. (2000), Cultural industries from an Economic/Business Research Perspective, Canadian Journal of Communication 25 (1):127-144.
Jie, Kou. “Xi Calls for Enhancement of China`s Cultural Soft Power.” People`s Daily Online, 18 Oct. 2017, en.people.cn/n3/2017/1018/c90000-9281415.html.
Knowledge@Wharton. “Why Huayi Brothers Wants to Become the Disney of China.” Knowledge@Wharton
9 Apr. 2014, knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/huayi-brothers-wants-become-disney-china/.
KOFIC. "Box Office Revenue in South Korea from January to October 2017, by Film`s Country of Origin." Statista, www.statista.com/statistics/625780/south-korea-box-office-revenue-country/.
Lang, Brent, and Gene Maddaus. “Lawmakers Raise Questions About Chinese Investment in Hollywood.” Variety, Variety, 23 Sept. 2016, variety.com/2016/film/news/wanda-lawmakers-raise-questions-about-chinese-investment-in-hollywood-1201868250/.
Lee, Traci G. “With `The Great Wall` Comes Great Challenges as China`s Influence in Hollywood Grows.” NBCNews.com, NBCUniversal News Group, 14 Feb. 2017, www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/great-wall-comes-great-challenges-china-s-influence-hollywood-grows-n719461.
Lin, Daisy. “Alibaba Pictures President Says Don’t Give Up.” East West Bank Reach Further, 1 Feb. 2018, www.eastwestbank.com/ReachFurther/News/Article/Alibaba-Pictures-President-Says-Dont-GiveUp.
Lin, Lilian. “To Film `Wolf Totem,` French Director Raised Chinese Wolves.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 27 May 2014, blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/05/27/to-film-wolf-totem-french-director-raised-chinese-wolves/.
Liu, Petrus. “Wolf Warrior II: The Rise of China and Gender/Sexuality Politics.” Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, The Ohio State University, 22 Feb. 2018, u.osu.edu/mclc/2018/02/22/wolf-warrior-ii-the-rise-of-china-and-gendersexuality-politics/.
Ma, Wayne. “How a Plague on the Movie and Music Industries Became Their Chief Protector in China.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 21 May 2017, www.wsj.com/articles/how-a-plague-on-the-movie-and-music-industries-became-their-chief-protector-in-china.
Marketline. "China - Movies & Entertainment." Marketline. Aug. 2017.
McNary, Dave. “Glen Keane to Direct Animation `Over the Moon` for China`s Pearl Studio, Netflix.” Variety, Variety, 8 Feb. 2018, variety.com/2018/film/awards/glen-keane-direct-animated-movie-over-the-moon-1202689347/.
Mendelson, Scott. “Why `Black Panther` And `Monster Hunt 2` Are Both Box Office Game Changers.” Forbes, 19 Feb. 2018, www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2018/02/19/why-black-panther-and-monster-hunt-2-are-both-box-office-game-changers.
Motion Picture Association and China Film Coproduction Corporation. “China-International Film Co-Production Handbook.” 2014.
Ng, Dominic. "Chinese Investment in Hollywood: Focus on Opportunity." China Business Review, Nov. 2016, p. 4. EBSCOhost.
Otterson, Joe. “China`s Huayi Bros. Close 3-Year Film Slate Deal with STX Entertainment.” TheWrap, 1 Apr. 2015, www.thewrap.com/chinas-huayi-bros-close-3-year-film-slate-deal-with-stx-entertainment/.
Oxford Economics. “The Economic Contribution of Film and Television in China in 2016.”
Peng, Weiying. “China, Film Coproduction and Soft Power Competition.” Creative Industries Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2015.
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMBA.019.2018.F08-