1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Education
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 動勢取向之身體意象預防方案：高中女生輔導模式
Dongshi Approach for Body Image Prevention: An All- Girls High School Guidance Counseling Model
作者 朱倍萱
Chu, Bei-Syuan
貢獻者 李宗芹
Lee, Tsung-Chin
朱倍萱
Chu, Bei-Syuan
關鍵詞 身體意象
青少女
預防方案
舞蹈/動作治療
動勢
Body image
Adolescent girls
Prevention program
Dance/movement therapy
Dongshi
日期 2018
上傳時間 11-Jul-2018 17:34:28 (UTC+8)
摘要 研究目的：身體意象為青少女之自我認同發展中重要的一環，研究顯示負向身體意象好發於青少女階段，且為低自尊、憂鬱與飲食疾患之危險因子。目前身體意象預防方案在校園中，大多針對社會文化所傳遞的理想外貌之訊息為目標，以教學與活動的方式教導學生去抵抗理想外貌的訊息，或是針對身體的功能，利用體育活動讓學生將關注自外貌注轉移至身體生理的功能。研究者認為以上兩種方案取向將身體視為青少女所擁有的物件，使得身與心的連結薄弱，本研究將身體意象視為自我核心的一部分，藉由動勢的概念發展身體意象預防方案， 探討此方案對青少女對身體欣賞與覺察的程度，以及降低他人負面外貌評價恐懼之程度與外貌比較之行為。
研究方法：本研究為準實驗設計，以高中女生為研究對象，分為實驗組、體育課組與控制組，實驗組接受「動勢取向之身體意象預防方案」，每週1次，每次90分鐘，共計八次之團體方案，體育課組參與學校之游泳課程，控制組不進行任何介入，也未參加學校游泳課。共有87位新北市某高中女學生參與本研究，依次為實驗組19人， 。體育課組為27人，控制組為41人。三組皆使用自陳式問卷在介入前與介入後進行資料搜集，使用二因子混合樣本變異數分析與相依樣本t檢定進行資料分析。
研究結果：一、相較於體育課組與控制組，動勢取向之身體意象預防方案可顯著提升高中女生之身體欣賞；二、實驗組經過八週預防方案介入後，在負面外貌評估恐懼、外表取向顯著降低，外表評估與身體各部位滿意度顯著提高。
結論：本研究嘗試使用動勢取向之概念作為基礎與實踐方法，發展身體意象預防方案，結果可有效提升青少女的身體欣賞程度，然方案內容與測量方法尚有改善空間。最後提出本研究貢獻與限制，以及未來研究方向的建議。
Background: Body image is an important part of the development of adolecent girls` self-identity. Studies have shown negative body image is easily ocurred in adolecent girls. And which ut is a risk factor for low self-esteem, depression and eating disorder. At present, most of the body image prevention programs are aimed at the message of the ideal appearance, conveying by sociocultural. Teaching and activities are used to teach students to resist the message of the ideal appearance, or to use physical activities to shift students’ attention from physical appearance to physical functions. The researchers considered that the above two approachs in programs regared the body as the object owned by adolecent girls. The connection between the body and the mind is weak. This study considers the body image as a part of the core of the self, and intends to develop a body image prevention program based on the concept of Dongshi, and also exploying the degree of the adolecent girls’ body appreaciation and body awareness, the degree of fear of the negative appearance evaluation of others and the behavior of comparing with the appearance with others.
Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental design. High school girls are selected as the research subjects. Three groups were recruited as the experimental group, the physical education group and the control group. A total of 87 female high school students in New Taipei City pareticipated in this study as samples. There were 19 students in experimental group receiving the "Dongshi approach for body image prevention program", once a week for 90 minutes, for a total of 8 swssions in group involved. There were 27 students in the physical education group and they participated in the swimming lessons in the original school. There were 41 students in the control group and did not participate in any intervention or participate in the school swimming class. All three groups used self-reported questionnaires to collect data before and after intervention. The two-way ANOVA, mixed design and paired sample t-tests were used for data analysis.
Result: 1. Compared with the physical education group and the control group, the Dongshi approach for body image prevention program can significantly enhance the body appreciation of high school girls. 2. After the intervention of the eight-week prevention program, not only the fear of the negative appearance evaluation and appearance orientation were significantly decresed, also appearance evaluation and satisfaction with body parts significantly increased in the experimental group.
Conclusion: This study attempts to use the Dongshi approach of the dance therapy as a basic and practical method to develop a body image prevention program. The results can effectively enhance the degree of body appreciation of the adolecent girls, but there are still room for improvement in the content of the program and the measurement. Finally, the contributions and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for future research directions, are proposed.
參考文獻 王麗婓、杜淑芬、羅明華、楊國如、卓瑛與謝曜任（2013）。生態合作取向的學校三級輔導體制: WISER模式介紹。輔導季刊，49（2），4–11。
林作慶、張志銘、許弘毅、賴永成（2012）。十二週運動介入對體重控制班學生身體組成與身體意象影響之研究。運動與遊憩研究，6（3），20-29。
張仁和、林以正與黃金蘭（2011）。中文版「止觀覺察注意量表」之信效度分析，測驗學刊，58，235–260。
李宗芹（1996）。與心共舞：舞蹈治療的理論與實務。臺北市：心靈工坊。
李宗芹（2000）。創造性舞蹈：透過身體動作探索成長的自我。臺北市：遠流。
李宗芹（2001）。傾聽身體之歌—舞蹈治療的發展與內涵。臺北市：心靈工坊。
李宗芹（2008）。與藝術對話：療遇的形貌。國民教育，48（5），101–107。
李宗芹（2010）。身體力場—舞蹈治療中的身體知識（博士論文）。取自 http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22098FJU00071003%22.&searchmode=basic
李宗芹（2011）。舞蹈治療發展史中對身體運作理路的回顧與反思。中華心理衛生學刊，24（1），131–153。
李宗芹（2014）。舞蹈治療在台灣發展：回顧與前瞻。台灣心理諮商季刊，6（4）。 取自http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/82625
李宗芹、姜忠信（2015）。青少女身體意象之預防方案：動勢心理教育取向。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究成果報告（編號：No. MOST104-2410-H-004-054-），未出版。
邱浩政（2004）。結構方程模式：LISREL的理論技術與應用。臺北市：雙葉書廊。
洪建德、鄭淑慧（1992）。台北地區女學生的身體形象和飲食行為。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，11（4），316–327。
馬心怡（2017）。動勢場之身體意象預防方案：以女大學生為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
賈文玲（2001）。青少年身體意象與自尊、社會因素關係之研究（未出版碩士論文）。私立中國文化大學，臺北市。
陳坤虎、雷庚玲、吳英璋（2005）。不同階段青少年之自我認同內容及危機探索之發展差異，中華心理學刊，47（3），249–268。
郭乃真、林耀豐（2008）。運動介入訓練對國小高年級學童身體意象、自尊與身體活動之影響。屏東教大運動科學學刊，4，75-86。
雷庚玲（1999）。Erikson之心理社會階段理論於921震災後兒童心理復健之應用。中華心理衛生學刊，12（4），93–128。
黃德祥（1994）。青少年發展與輔導。臺北市：五南。
黃毅志（2008）。如何精確測量職業地位？「改良版台灣地區新職業聲望與社經地位量表」之建構。台東大學教育學報，19（1），151-160。
劉千睿（2008）。母女溝通模式對青春期少女身體意象、自尊及飲食態度之影響（未出版碩士論文）。國立中正大學，嘉義縣。
潘雲潔（2011）。青少年身體意象之媒體素養教育介入成效研究—以新北市某高中為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。
鄭伊真（2011）Rosenberg自尊量表中文版的修訂分析（未出版碩士論文）。國立成功大學，臺南市。
Abbott, B. D., & Barber, B. L. (2010). Embodied image: Gender differences in functional and aesthetic body image among Australian adolescents. Body Image, 7(1), 22–31. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2009.10.004
Albertson, E. R., Neff, K. D., & Dill-Shackleford, K. E.(2014). Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Meditation Intervention. Mindfulness, 6(3), 444–454. doi: 10.1007/s12671-014-0277-3
Ata, R. N., Ludden, A. B., & Lally, M. M. (2006). The Effects of Gender and Family, Friend, and Media Influences on Eating Behaviors and Body Image During Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(8), 1024–1037. doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9159-x
Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2(3), 285–297. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.06.002
Bearman, S. K., & Stice, E. (2008). Testing a Gender Additive Model: The Role of Body Image in Adolescent Depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(8), 1251–1263. doi: 10.1007/s10802-008-9248-2
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. (2011). Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an Adapted Mindful Attention Awareness Scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23(4), 1023–1033. doi: 10.1037/a0021338
Brown, T. A., Cash, T. F., & Mikulka, P. J. (1990). Attitudinal Body-Image Assessment: Factor Analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(1-2), 135–144. doi: 10.1080/00223891.1990.9674053
Bull, N. (1968). The Attitude Theory of Emotion: With a New Pref. New York, NY: Johnson Reprint.
Burgess, G., Grogan, S., & Burwitz, L. (2006). Effects of a 6-week aerobic dance intervention on body image and physical self-perceptions in adolescent girls. Body Image, 3(1), 57–66. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.10.005
Carey, R., Donaghue, N., & Broderick, P. (2010). ‘What you look like is such a big factor’: Girls’ own reflections about the appearance culture in an all-girls’ school. Feminism & Psychology, 0959353510369893. doi: 10.1177/0959353510369893
Carey, R. N., Donaghue, N., & Broderick, P. (2014). Body image concern among Australian adolescent girls: The role of body comparisons with models and peers. Body Image, 11(1), 81–84. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.09.006
Cash, T. F. (2000). Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Available at www.body-images.com
Cash, T. F., & Fleming, E. C. (2002). The impact of body image experiences: development of the body image quality of life inventory. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31(4), 455–460. doi: 10.1002/eat.10033
Cash, T. F., Fleming, E. C., Alindogan, J., Steadman, L., & Whitehead, A. (2002). Beyond body image as a trait: the development and validation of the Body Image States Scale. Eating Disorders, 10(2), 103–113. doi: 10.1080/10640260290081678
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (1990) Body images: Development, deviance, and change. (Vol. xxi). New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2002a). Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice. New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2002b). Understanding body images: Historical and contemporary perspectives. In T.F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds) Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice (pp.3–12). New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Smolak, L. (2011). Body Image, Second Edition: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention. New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., Winstead, B. A., & Janda, L. H. (1986). The great American shape-up: Body image survey report. Psychology Today, pp. 30–37.
Cheek, J. M. (1989). Identity Orientations and Self-Interpretation. In D. M. Buss & N. Cantor (Eds), Personality Psychology (pp. 275–285). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-0634-4_21
Chen, L.-J., Fox, K. R., Haase, A. M., & Ku, P.-W. (2010). Correlates of body dissatisfaction among Taiwanese adolescents. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 19(2), 172–179.
Chien, C. P., & Cheng, T. A. (1985). Depression in Taiwan: epidemiological survey utilizing CES-D. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Psychiatria Et Neurologia Japonica, 87(5), 335–338.
Clay, D., Vignoles, V. L., & Dittmar, H. (2005). Body Image and Self-Esteem Among Adolescent Girls: Testing the Influence of Sociocultural Factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence , 15(4), 451–477. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2005.00107.x
Cochran, W. G. (1954). Some methods for strengthening the common x2 tests. Biometrics, 10, 417–451. doi: 10.2307/3001616
Cook-Cottone, C. (2006). The attuned representation model for the primary prevention of eating disorders: An overview for school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 43(2), 223–230. doi: 10.1002/pits.20139
Cook-Cottone, C. P. (2015). Incorporating positive body image into the treatment of eating disorders: A model for attunement and mindful self-care. Body Image, 14, 158–167. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.004
Coombs, A. W. (1981). Some observations on self-concept theory and research. In M. D. Lynch, A. A. Norem-Hebeisen, & K. J. Gergen (Eds), Self Concept: Advances in Theory and Research. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Cuddy, A. J., Wilmuth, C. A., Yap, A. J., & Carney, D. R. (2015). Preparatory power posing affects nonverbal presence and job interview performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(4), 1286–1295. doi: 10.1037/a0038543
Daubenmier, J. J. (2005). The Relationship of Yoga, Body Awareness, and Body Responsiveness to Self-Objectification and Disordered Eating. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29(2), 207–219. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00183.x
Davison, T. E., & McCabe, M. P. (2006). Adolescent Body Image and Psychosocial Functioning. Journal of Social Psychology, 146(1), 15–30.
de Tord, P., & Bräuninger, I. (2015). Grounding: Theoretical application and practice in dance movement therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 43, 16–22. doi: 10.1016/j.aip.2015.02.001
Dibbell-Hope, S. (2000). The use of dance/movement therapy in psychological adaptation to breast cancer. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 27(1), 51–68. doi: 10.1016/S0197-4556(99)00032-5
Dohnt, H., & Tiggemann, M. (2006). The contribution of peer and media influences to the development of body satisfaction and self-esteem in young girls: a prospective study. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 929–936. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.929
Dosamantes-Alperson, E. (1980). Contacting bodily-felt experiencing in psychotherapy. In J. E. Shorr, G. E. Sobel, P. Robin, & J. A. Connella (Eds), Imagery: Its Many Dimensions and Applications ( pp.223–250). New York, NY: Plenum.
Dosamantes-Alperson, E. (1983). Working with Internalized Relationships through a Kinesthetic and Kinetic Imagery Process. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 2(4), 333–343. doi: 10.2190/HMW8-598T-UWUL-RKK6
Dosamantes, E. (1990). Movement and psychodynamic pattern changes in long-term dance/movement therapy groups. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 12(1), 27–44. doi: 10.1007/BF00844313
Dosamantes, I. (1992a). Body-image: Repository for cultural idealizations and denigrations of the self. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 19(4), 257–267. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(92)90003-7
Dosamantes, I. (1992b). Spatial patterns associated with the separation-individuation process in adult long-term psychodynamic movement therapy groups. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 19(1), 3–11. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(92)90058-V
Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in Adolescence. Child Development, 38(4), 1025–1034. doi: 10.2307/1127100
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
Erkolahti, R., Ilonen, T., Saarijärvi, S., & Terho, P. (2003). Self-image and depressive symptoms among adolescents in a non-clinical sample. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57(6), 447–451. doi: 10.1080/08039480310003461
Fourie, J., & Lessing, A. C. (2010). The influence of dance and movement therapy (DMT) on the body image of female adolescents. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 16(2). doi: 10.4314/ajpherd.v16i2.55968
Freud, S. (1923). The Ego and the Id. London: Hogarth.
Gallagher, S. (1995). Body schema and intentionality. In J. L. Bermúdez, A. J. Marcel, & N. Eilan (Eds), The Body and the Self. Cambridge, MA: MIT .
Gardner, R. M., Sorter, R. G., & Friedman, B. N. (1997). Developmental changes in children’s body images. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 12(4), 1019–1036.
Garner, D. M., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The Eating Attitudes Test: an index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine, 9(2), 273–279.
Gilligan, C. (1993). In a Different Voice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
Goodill, S. (2005). An Introduction to Medical Dance/movement Therapy: Health Care in Motion. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Gross, C. (1992）. Body image concept in dance movement therapy. Hahnemann University, Philadelphia.
Hall, G. S. Granville S. (1904). Adolescence: Its psychology and its relations to physiology, anthropology, sociology, sex, crime, religion, and education. New York, NY: Appleton. Retrieved from https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/ttu-ir/handle/2346/47053
Halliwell, E. (2013). The impact of thin idealized media images on body satisfaction: Does body appreciation protect women from negative effects? Body Image, 10(4), 509–514. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.004
Halliwell, E., Jarman, H., McNamara, A., Risdon, H., & Jankowski, G. (2015). Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools. Body Image, 14, 1–4. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.02.002
Hanley, F. (2004). The Dynamic Body Image and the Moving Body: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation (phd). Victoria University. Retrieved from http://www.vu.edu.au/research
Harter, S. (1990a). Causes, correlates, and the functional role of global self-worth: A life-span perspective. In R. J. Sternberg, J. Kolligian, & Jr. (Eds), Perceptions of competence and incompetence across the life span. (pp. 67–97). New Haven, CT: Yale University.
Harter, S. (1990b). Processes underlying adolescent self-concept formation. In R. Montemayor, G. R. Adams, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds), From childhood to adolescence: A transitional period? (pp. 205–239). Newbery, CA: Sage.
Hawkins, A. M. (1991). Moving from Within: A New Method for Dance Making. Pennington. NJ: Cappella Books.
Holmqvist, K., & Frisén, A. (2012). “I bet they aren’t that perfect in reality:” Appearance ideals viewed from the perspective of adolescents with a positive body image. Body Image, 9(3), 388–395. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.03.007
Jacobson, E. (1970). Modern treatment of tense patients: including the neurotic and depressed with case illustrations, follow-ups, and EMG measurements. New York, NY: Thomas.
Johnson, F., & Wardle, J. (2005). Dietary restraint, body dissatisfaction, and psychological distress: a prospective analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(1), 119–125. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.119
Jones, D. C. (2001）. Social Comparison and Body Image: Attractiveness Comparisons to Models and Peers Among Adolescent Girls and Boys. Sex Roles, 45（9/10）, 645–664.
Jones, J. M., Bennett, S., Olmsted, M. P., Lawson, M. L., & Rodin, G. (2001). Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours in teenaged girls: a school-based study. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 165(5), 547–552.
Kierr, S. (2011). Is Dance/Movement Therapy Relevant to the Process of Achieving a Healthy Sexuality? American Journal of Dance Therapy, 33(1), 42. doi: 10.1007/s10465-011-9103-9
Koch, S., Kunz, T., Lykou, S., & Cruz, R. (2014). Effects of dance movement therapy and dance on health-related psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 46–64. doi: 10.1016/j.aip.2013.10.004
Krantz, A. M. (1999）. Growing into Her Body: Dance/Movement Therapy for Women with Eating Disorders. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 21(2), 81–103. doi: 10.1023/A:1022104603189
LaFrance, M., & Mayo, C. A. W. (1978）. Moving bodies: nonverbal communication in social relationships. Monterey. CA: Brooks Cole.
Langdon, S. W. (2012). Body Image in Dance and Aesthetic Sports A2 - Cash, Thomas. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 226–232). Oxford: Academic. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123849250000341
Langdon, S. W., & Petracca, G. (2010). Tiny dancer: Body image and dancer identity in female modern dancers. Body Image, 7(4), 360–363. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.06.005
Leseho, J., & Maxwell, L. R. (2010). Coming alive: creative movement as a personal coping strategy on the path to healing and growth. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 38(1), 17–30. doi: 10.1080/03069880903411301
Levine, M. P., & Smolak, L. (2006). The Prevention of Eating Problems and Eating Disorders: Theory, Research, and Practice. London: Psychology Press.
Lewis, R. N., & Scannell, E. D. (1995). Relationship of body image and creative dance movement. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81(1), 155–160. doi: 10.2466/pms.1995.81.1.155
Lippin, A. R., & Micozzi, M. S. (2006）. Fundamentals of complementary and integrative medicine. In M. S. Micozzi （Ed）, Arts therapy (3rd Ed) (pp. 332–350). St. Louis, MO: Saunders.
Lundgren, J. D., Anderson, D. A., & Thompson, J. K. (2004). Fear of negative appearance evaluation: Development and evaluation of a new construct for risk factor work in the field of eating disorders. Eating Behaviors, 5(1), 75–84. doi: 10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00055-2
Mahlo, L., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Yoga and positive body image: A test of the Embodiment Model. Body Image, 18, 135–142. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.06.008
Maïano, C., Morin, A. J. S., Monthuy-Blanc, J., & Garbarino, J.-M. (2010). Construct Validity of the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale in a Community Sample of French Adolescents. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 19–27. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000004
Markowitz, S., Friedman, M. A., & Arent, S. M. (2008). Understanding the Relation Between Obesity and Depression: Causal Mechanisms and Implications for Treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 15(1), 1–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2008.00106.x
McHugh, T.-L. F., Coppola, A. M., & Sabiston, C. M. (2014). “I’m thankful for being Native and my body is part of that”: The body pride experiences of young Aboriginal women in Canada. Body Image, 11(3), 318–327. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.05.004
Meeus, W. (1989）. Parental and peer support in adolescence. In K. Hurrelmann & U. Engel (Ed), The social world of adolescents: International perspectives (pp. 167–183). Oxford, England: Walter De Gruyter.
Menzel, J. E., & Levine, M. P. (2011). Embodying experiences and the promotion of positive body image: The example of competitive athletics. In R. M. Calogero, S. Tantleff-Dunn, & J. K. Thompson (Ed), Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions (pp. 163–186). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Moon, B. L. (1998). The Dynamics of Art as Therapy with Adolescents. Illinois: Charles C Thomas.
Musher-Eizenman, D. R., Holub, S. C., Edwards-Leeper, L., Persson, A. V., & Goldstein, S. E. (2003). The narrow range of acceptable body types of preschoolers and their mothers. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 24（2）, 259–272. doi: 10.1016/S0193-3973(03)00047-9
Pallaro, P. (1993). Culture, self, and body-self: Dance/Movement therapy across cultures. In F. J. Bejjani (Ed), Current Research in Arts Medicine (pp. 287–291). Chicago: Cappella Books.
Pallaro, P. (1996). Self and body-self: Dance/movement therapy and the development of object relations. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 23(2), 113–119. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(95)00061-5
Paxton, S. J., & Wertheim, E. H. (2011). Body image development in adolescent girls. In T. F. Cash, L. Smolak (Eds) Body Image, Second Edition: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention (pp. 76–84). New York, NY: Guilford.
Piran, N. (2002). Embodiment. A mosaic of inquiries in the area of body weight and shape preoccupation. In S. M. Abbey (Ed), Ways of Knowing in and Through the Body: Diverse Perspectives on Embodiment (pp. 211–214). Welland, Canada: Soleil Publishing, Incorporated.
Piran, N. (2015). New possibilities in the prevention of eating disorders: The introduction of positive body image measures. Body Image, 14, 146–157. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.008
Piran, N., & Teall, T. (2012). The developmental theory of embodiment. In G. L. McVey, M. P. Levine, N. Piren, H. B. Ferduson (Eds), Preventing Eating-Related and Weight-Related Disorders: Collaborative Research, Advocacy, and Policy Change (pp. 171–199). Wilfrid Laurier Univ.
Pylvänäinen, P. (2003). Body Image: A Tripartite Model for Use in Dance/Movement Therapy. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 25(1), 39–55. doi: 10.1023/A:1025517232383
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. doi: 10.1177/014662167700100306
Reel, J. J., Petrie, T. A., Soohoo, S., & Anderson, C. M. (2013). Weight pressures in sport: Examining the factor structure and incremental validity of the weight pressures in sport - Females. ResearchGate, 14(2), 137–144. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.01.003
Ricciardelli, L. A., & McCabe, M. P. (2001). Dietary restraint and negative affect as mediators of body dissatisfaction and bulimic behavior in adolescent girls and boys. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39(11), 1317–1328. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00097-8
Ricciardelli, L. A., & Yager, Z. (2015）. Adolescence and Body Image: From Development to Preventing Dissatisfaction. New York, NY: Routledge.
Richardson, S. M., & Paxton, S. J. (2010). An evaluation of a body image intervention based on risk factors for body dissatisfaction: A controlled study with adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(2), 112–122. doi: 10.1002/eat.20682
Richardson, S. M., Paxton, S. J., & Thomson, J. S. (2009). Is BodyThink an efficacious body image and self-esteem program? A controlled evaluation with adolescents. Body Image, 6(2), 75–82. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.11.001
Ritter, M., & Low, K. G. (1996). Effects of dance/movement therapy: A meta-analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 23(3), 249–260. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(96)00027-5
Rosenblum, G. D., & Lewis, M. (1999). The Relations among Body Image, Physical Attractiveness, and Body Mass in Adolescence. Child Development, 70(1), 50–64. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00005
Sandel, S. L., Chaiklin, S., & Lohn, A. (1993). Foundations of Dance/movement Therapy: The Life and Work of Marian Chace. Marian Chace Memorial Fund of the American Dance Therapy Association.
Santor, D. A., Messervey, D., & Kusumakar, V. (2000). Measuring Peer Pressure, Popularity, and Conformity in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Predicting School Performance, Sexual Attitudes, and Substance Abuse. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29(2), 163–182. doi: 10.1023/A:1005152515264
Santrock, J. W. (2001). Educational Psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Schaefer, L. M., & Thompson, J. K. (2014). The development and validation of the Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R). Eating Behaviors, 15(2), 209–217. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.01.001
Schilder, P. (1950). The image and appearance of the human body. New York, NY: International Universities.
Sebald, H. (1981). Adolescents’ concept of popularity and unpopularity, comparing 1960 with 1976. Adolescence, 16(61), 187–193.
Slade, P. D. (1988). Body image in anorexia nervosa. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 153(2), 20–22.
Slee, P. T., Campbell, M., & Spears, B. (2012). Child, Adolescent and Family Development (3rd Ed). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University.
Smolak, L. (2012). Body Image Development – Girl Children. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 212–218). Elsevier. Retrieved from http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978012384925000033X
Smolak, L., Murnen, S. K., & Ruble, A. E. (2000). Female Athletes and Eating Problems: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 27(4), 371–380.
Stice, E. (2002). Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(5), 825–848. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.825
Stice, E., & Bearman, S. K. (2001). Body-image and eating disturbances prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescent girls: a growth curve analysis. Developmental Psychology, 37(5), 597–607.
Stice, E., & Shaw, H. E. (2002). Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: a synthesis of research findings. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(5), 985–993.
Stice, E., & Whitenton, K. (2002). Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: A longitudinal investigation. Developmental Psychology, 38(5), 669–678. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.38.5.669
Swami, V., & Harris, A. S. (2012). Dancing Toward Positive Body Image? Examining Body-Related Constructs with Ballet and Contemporary Dancers at Different Levels. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 34(1), 39–52. doi: 10.1007/s10465-012-9129-7
Thomas, C. M., Keery, H., Williams, R., & Thompson, J. K. (1998）. The fear of negative appearance evaluation scale: Development and preliminary validation. Presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Washington, DC.
Thompson, J. K. (2004). The (mis)measurement of body image: ten strategies to improve assessment for applied and research purposes. Body Image, 1(1), 7–14. doi: 10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00004-4
Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999). Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance (Vol. xii). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Thompson, J. K., & Stice, E. (2001). Thin-Ideal Internalization: Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(5), 181–183. doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.00144
Thorne, A., & Michaelieu, Q. (1996). Situating Adolescent Gender and Self-Esteem with Personal Memories. Child Development, 67(4), 1374–1390. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01802.x
Tiemersma, D. (1989）. Body Schema and Body Image: An Interdisciplinary and Philosophical Study. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Tiggemann, M. (2015). Considerations of positive body image across various social identities and special populations. Body Image, 14, 168–176. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.002
Tiggemann, M., Coutts, E., & Clark, L. (2014). Belly Dance as an Embodying Activity?: A Test of the Embodiment Model of Positive Body Image. Sex Roles, 71（5-8）, 197–207. doi: 10.1007/s11199-014-0408-2
Tremblay, L., Lovsin, T., Zecevic, C., & Larivière, M. (2011). Perceptions of self in 3–5-year-old children: A preliminary investigation into the early emergence of body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 8(3), 287–292. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.04.004
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015a). The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 12, 53–67. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.006
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015b). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body Image, 14, 118–129. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.001
Wichstrøm, L. (1998). Self-concept development during adolescence: Do American truths hold for Norwegians? In A. L. von der Lippe (Ed) Personality development in adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective (pp. 98–122). Florence, KY: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
Wichstrøm, L., & von Soest, T. (2016). Reciprocal relations between body satisfaction and self-esteem: A large 13-year prospective study of adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 47, 16–27. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.12.003
Wilksch, S. M., & Wade, T. D. (2009). Reduction of shape and weight concern in young adolescents: a 30-month controlled evaluation of a media literacy program. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(6), 652–661. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181a1f559
Wise, I. (2000). Adolescence. London: Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Wood-Barcalow, N. L., Tylka, T. L., & Augustus-Horvath, C. L. (2010). “But I Like My Body”: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women. Body Image, 7(2), 106–116. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.01.001
Yager, Z., Diedrichs, P. C., Ricciardelli, L. A., & Halliwell, E. (2013). What works in secondary schools? A systematic review of classroom-based body image programs. Body Image, 10(3), 271–281. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.04.001
Yang, H.-J., Soong, W.-T., Kuo, P.-H., Chang, H.-L., & Chen, W. J. (2004). Using the CES-D in a two-phase survey for depressive disorders among nonreferred adolescents in Taipei: a stratum-specific likelihood ratio analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 82(3), 419–430. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.04.008
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
輔導與諮商碩士學位學程
103172007
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103172007
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李宗芹zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Tsung-Chinen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 朱倍萱zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chu, Bei-Syuanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 朱倍萱zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chu, Bei-Syuanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Jul-2018 17:34:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Jul-2018 17:34:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Jul-2018 17:34:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103172007en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/118598-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 輔導與諮商碩士學位學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103172007zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 研究目的：身體意象為青少女之自我認同發展中重要的一環，研究顯示負向身體意象好發於青少女階段，且為低自尊、憂鬱與飲食疾患之危險因子。目前身體意象預防方案在校園中，大多針對社會文化所傳遞的理想外貌之訊息為目標，以教學與活動的方式教導學生去抵抗理想外貌的訊息，或是針對身體的功能，利用體育活動讓學生將關注自外貌注轉移至身體生理的功能。研究者認為以上兩種方案取向將身體視為青少女所擁有的物件，使得身與心的連結薄弱，本研究將身體意象視為自我核心的一部分，藉由動勢的概念發展身體意象預防方案， 探討此方案對青少女對身體欣賞與覺察的程度，以及降低他人負面外貌評價恐懼之程度與外貌比較之行為。
研究方法：本研究為準實驗設計，以高中女生為研究對象，分為實驗組、體育課組與控制組，實驗組接受「動勢取向之身體意象預防方案」，每週1次，每次90分鐘，共計八次之團體方案，體育課組參與學校之游泳課程，控制組不進行任何介入，也未參加學校游泳課。共有87位新北市某高中女學生參與本研究，依次為實驗組19人， 。體育課組為27人，控制組為41人。三組皆使用自陳式問卷在介入前與介入後進行資料搜集，使用二因子混合樣本變異數分析與相依樣本t檢定進行資料分析。
研究結果：一、相較於體育課組與控制組，動勢取向之身體意象預防方案可顯著提升高中女生之身體欣賞；二、實驗組經過八週預防方案介入後，在負面外貌評估恐懼、外表取向顯著降低，外表評估與身體各部位滿意度顯著提高。
結論：本研究嘗試使用動勢取向之概念作為基礎與實踐方法，發展身體意象預防方案，結果可有效提升青少女的身體欣賞程度，然方案內容與測量方法尚有改善空間。最後提出本研究貢獻與限制，以及未來研究方向的建議。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Background: Body image is an important part of the development of adolecent girls` self-identity. Studies have shown negative body image is easily ocurred in adolecent girls. And which ut is a risk factor for low self-esteem, depression and eating disorder. At present, most of the body image prevention programs are aimed at the message of the ideal appearance, conveying by sociocultural. Teaching and activities are used to teach students to resist the message of the ideal appearance, or to use physical activities to shift students’ attention from physical appearance to physical functions. The researchers considered that the above two approachs in programs regared the body as the object owned by adolecent girls. The connection between the body and the mind is weak. This study considers the body image as a part of the core of the self, and intends to develop a body image prevention program based on the concept of Dongshi, and also exploying the degree of the adolecent girls’ body appreaciation and body awareness, the degree of fear of the negative appearance evaluation of others and the behavior of comparing with the appearance with others.
Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental design. High school girls are selected as the research subjects. Three groups were recruited as the experimental group, the physical education group and the control group. A total of 87 female high school students in New Taipei City pareticipated in this study as samples. There were 19 students in experimental group receiving the "Dongshi approach for body image prevention program", once a week for 90 minutes, for a total of 8 swssions in group involved. There were 27 students in the physical education group and they participated in the swimming lessons in the original school. There were 41 students in the control group and did not participate in any intervention or participate in the school swimming class. All three groups used self-reported questionnaires to collect data before and after intervention. The two-way ANOVA, mixed design and paired sample t-tests were used for data analysis.
Result: 1. Compared with the physical education group and the control group, the Dongshi approach for body image prevention program can significantly enhance the body appreciation of high school girls. 2. After the intervention of the eight-week prevention program, not only the fear of the negative appearance evaluation and appearance orientation were significantly decresed, also appearance evaluation and satisfaction with body parts significantly increased in the experimental group.
Conclusion: This study attempts to use the Dongshi approach of the dance therapy as a basic and practical method to develop a body image prevention program. The results can effectively enhance the degree of body appreciation of the adolecent girls, but there are still room for improvement in the content of the program and the measurement. Finally, the contributions and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for future research directions, are proposed.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的與問題意識 4
第三節 名詞釋義 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
第一節 青少女的身體意象 6
第二節 青少女身體意象預防方案之相關研究 19
第三節 動勢取向之舞蹈治療 24
第四節 動勢取向之身體意象預防方案：高中輔導模式 27
第三章 研究方法 30
第一節 研究架構與設計 30
第二節 研究假設 32
第三節 研究對象 34
第四節 研究工具 35
第五節 動勢取向之身體意象預防方案 51
第六節 研究過程 58
第四章 研究結果 60
第一節 前置分析 60
第二節 預防方案之成效分析 62
第五章 討論與建議 68
第一節 研究結果與討論 68
第二節 研究限制及未來研究方向 73
參考文獻 75
附錄 96		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4003451 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103172007en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 身體意象zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 青少女zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 預防方案zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 舞蹈/動作治療zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動勢zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Body imageen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Adolescent girlsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Prevention programen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Dance/movement therapyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Dongshien_US
dc.title (題名) 動勢取向之身體意象預防方案：高中女生輔導模式zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Dongshi Approach for Body Image Prevention: An All- Girls High School Guidance Counseling Modelen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王麗婓、杜淑芬、羅明華、楊國如、卓瑛與謝曜任（2013）。生態合作取向的學校三級輔導體制: WISER模式介紹。輔導季刊，49（2），4–11。
林作慶、張志銘、許弘毅、賴永成（2012）。十二週運動介入對體重控制班學生身體組成與身體意象影響之研究。運動與遊憩研究，6（3），20-29。
張仁和、林以正與黃金蘭（2011）。中文版「止觀覺察注意量表」之信效度分析，測驗學刊，58，235–260。
李宗芹（1996）。與心共舞：舞蹈治療的理論與實務。臺北市：心靈工坊。
李宗芹（2000）。創造性舞蹈：透過身體動作探索成長的自我。臺北市：遠流。
李宗芹（2001）。傾聽身體之歌—舞蹈治療的發展與內涵。臺北市：心靈工坊。
李宗芹（2008）。與藝術對話：療遇的形貌。國民教育，48（5），101–107。
李宗芹（2010）。身體力場—舞蹈治療中的身體知識（博士論文）。取自 http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22098FJU00071003%22.&searchmode=basic
李宗芹（2011）。舞蹈治療發展史中對身體運作理路的回顧與反思。中華心理衛生學刊，24（1），131–153。
李宗芹（2014）。舞蹈治療在台灣發展：回顧與前瞻。台灣心理諮商季刊，6（4）。 取自http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/82625
李宗芹、姜忠信（2015）。青少女身體意象之預防方案：動勢心理教育取向。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究成果報告（編號：No. MOST104-2410-H-004-054-），未出版。
邱浩政（2004）。結構方程模式：LISREL的理論技術與應用。臺北市：雙葉書廊。
洪建德、鄭淑慧（1992）。台北地區女學生的身體形象和飲食行為。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，11（4），316–327。
馬心怡（2017）。動勢場之身體意象預防方案：以女大學生為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立政治大學，臺北市。
賈文玲（2001）。青少年身體意象與自尊、社會因素關係之研究（未出版碩士論文）。私立中國文化大學，臺北市。
陳坤虎、雷庚玲、吳英璋（2005）。不同階段青少年之自我認同內容及危機探索之發展差異，中華心理學刊，47（3），249–268。
郭乃真、林耀豐（2008）。運動介入訓練對國小高年級學童身體意象、自尊與身體活動之影響。屏東教大運動科學學刊，4，75-86。
雷庚玲（1999）。Erikson之心理社會階段理論於921震災後兒童心理復健之應用。中華心理衛生學刊，12（4），93–128。
黃德祥（1994）。青少年發展與輔導。臺北市：五南。
黃毅志（2008）。如何精確測量職業地位？「改良版台灣地區新職業聲望與社經地位量表」之建構。台東大學教育學報，19（1），151-160。
劉千睿（2008）。母女溝通模式對青春期少女身體意象、自尊及飲食態度之影響（未出版碩士論文）。國立中正大學，嘉義縣。
潘雲潔（2011）。青少年身體意象之媒體素養教育介入成效研究—以新北市某高中為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。
鄭伊真（2011）Rosenberg自尊量表中文版的修訂分析（未出版碩士論文）。國立成功大學，臺南市。
Abbott, B. D., & Barber, B. L. (2010). Embodied image: Gender differences in functional and aesthetic body image among Australian adolescents. Body Image, 7(1), 22–31. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2009.10.004
Albertson, E. R., Neff, K. D., & Dill-Shackleford, K. E.(2014). Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Meditation Intervention. Mindfulness, 6(3), 444–454. doi: 10.1007/s12671-014-0277-3
Ata, R. N., Ludden, A. B., & Lally, M. M. (2006). The Effects of Gender and Family, Friend, and Media Influences on Eating Behaviors and Body Image During Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(8), 1024–1037. doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9159-x
Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2(3), 285–297. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.06.002
Bearman, S. K., & Stice, E. (2008). Testing a Gender Additive Model: The Role of Body Image in Adolescent Depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(8), 1251–1263. doi: 10.1007/s10802-008-9248-2
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. (2011). Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an Adapted Mindful Attention Awareness Scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23(4), 1023–1033. doi: 10.1037/a0021338
Brown, T. A., Cash, T. F., & Mikulka, P. J. (1990). Attitudinal Body-Image Assessment: Factor Analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(1-2), 135–144. doi: 10.1080/00223891.1990.9674053
Bull, N. (1968). The Attitude Theory of Emotion: With a New Pref. New York, NY: Johnson Reprint.
Burgess, G., Grogan, S., & Burwitz, L. (2006). Effects of a 6-week aerobic dance intervention on body image and physical self-perceptions in adolescent girls. Body Image, 3(1), 57–66. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.10.005
Carey, R., Donaghue, N., & Broderick, P. (2010). ‘What you look like is such a big factor’: Girls’ own reflections about the appearance culture in an all-girls’ school. Feminism & Psychology, 0959353510369893. doi: 10.1177/0959353510369893
Carey, R. N., Donaghue, N., & Broderick, P. (2014). Body image concern among Australian adolescent girls: The role of body comparisons with models and peers. Body Image, 11(1), 81–84. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.09.006
Cash, T. F. (2000). Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Available at www.body-images.com
Cash, T. F., & Fleming, E. C. (2002). The impact of body image experiences: development of the body image quality of life inventory. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31(4), 455–460. doi: 10.1002/eat.10033
Cash, T. F., Fleming, E. C., Alindogan, J., Steadman, L., & Whitehead, A. (2002). Beyond body image as a trait: the development and validation of the Body Image States Scale. Eating Disorders, 10(2), 103–113. doi: 10.1080/10640260290081678
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (1990) Body images: Development, deviance, and change. (Vol. xxi). New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2002a). Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice. New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2002b). Understanding body images: Historical and contemporary perspectives. In T.F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds) Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice (pp.3–12). New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., & Smolak, L. (2011). Body Image, Second Edition: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention. New York, NY: Guilford.
Cash, T. F., Winstead, B. A., & Janda, L. H. (1986). The great American shape-up: Body image survey report. Psychology Today, pp. 30–37.
Cheek, J. M. (1989). Identity Orientations and Self-Interpretation. In D. M. Buss & N. Cantor (Eds), Personality Psychology (pp. 275–285). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-0634-4_21
Chen, L.-J., Fox, K. R., Haase, A. M., & Ku, P.-W. (2010). Correlates of body dissatisfaction among Taiwanese adolescents. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 19(2), 172–179.
Chien, C. P., & Cheng, T. A. (1985). Depression in Taiwan: epidemiological survey utilizing CES-D. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Psychiatria Et Neurologia Japonica, 87(5), 335–338.
Clay, D., Vignoles, V. L., & Dittmar, H. (2005). Body Image and Self-Esteem Among Adolescent Girls: Testing the Influence of Sociocultural Factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence , 15(4), 451–477. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2005.00107.x
Cochran, W. G. (1954). Some methods for strengthening the common x2 tests. Biometrics, 10, 417–451. doi: 10.2307/3001616
Cook-Cottone, C. (2006). The attuned representation model for the primary prevention of eating disorders: An overview for school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 43(2), 223–230. doi: 10.1002/pits.20139
Cook-Cottone, C. P. (2015). Incorporating positive body image into the treatment of eating disorders: A model for attunement and mindful self-care. Body Image, 14, 158–167. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.004
Coombs, A. W. (1981). Some observations on self-concept theory and research. In M. D. Lynch, A. A. Norem-Hebeisen, & K. J. Gergen (Eds), Self Concept: Advances in Theory and Research. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Cuddy, A. J., Wilmuth, C. A., Yap, A. J., & Carney, D. R. (2015). Preparatory power posing affects nonverbal presence and job interview performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(4), 1286–1295. doi: 10.1037/a0038543
Daubenmier, J. J. (2005). The Relationship of Yoga, Body Awareness, and Body Responsiveness to Self-Objectification and Disordered Eating. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29(2), 207–219. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00183.x
Davison, T. E., & McCabe, M. P. (2006). Adolescent Body Image and Psychosocial Functioning. Journal of Social Psychology, 146(1), 15–30.
de Tord, P., & Bräuninger, I. (2015). Grounding: Theoretical application and practice in dance movement therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 43, 16–22. doi: 10.1016/j.aip.2015.02.001
Dibbell-Hope, S. (2000). The use of dance/movement therapy in psychological adaptation to breast cancer. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 27(1), 51–68. doi: 10.1016/S0197-4556(99)00032-5
Dohnt, H., & Tiggemann, M. (2006). The contribution of peer and media influences to the development of body satisfaction and self-esteem in young girls: a prospective study. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 929–936. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.929
Dosamantes-Alperson, E. (1980). Contacting bodily-felt experiencing in psychotherapy. In J. E. Shorr, G. E. Sobel, P. Robin, & J. A. Connella (Eds), Imagery: Its Many Dimensions and Applications ( pp.223–250). New York, NY: Plenum.
Dosamantes-Alperson, E. (1983). Working with Internalized Relationships through a Kinesthetic and Kinetic Imagery Process. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 2(4), 333–343. doi: 10.2190/HMW8-598T-UWUL-RKK6
Dosamantes, E. (1990). Movement and psychodynamic pattern changes in long-term dance/movement therapy groups. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 12(1), 27–44. doi: 10.1007/BF00844313
Dosamantes, I. (1992a). Body-image: Repository for cultural idealizations and denigrations of the self. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 19(4), 257–267. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(92)90003-7
Dosamantes, I. (1992b). Spatial patterns associated with the separation-individuation process in adult long-term psychodynamic movement therapy groups. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 19(1), 3–11. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(92)90058-V
Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in Adolescence. Child Development, 38(4), 1025–1034. doi: 10.2307/1127100
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
Erkolahti, R., Ilonen, T., Saarijärvi, S., & Terho, P. (2003). Self-image and depressive symptoms among adolescents in a non-clinical sample. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57(6), 447–451. doi: 10.1080/08039480310003461
Fourie, J., & Lessing, A. C. (2010). The influence of dance and movement therapy (DMT) on the body image of female adolescents. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 16(2). doi: 10.4314/ajpherd.v16i2.55968
Freud, S. (1923). The Ego and the Id. London: Hogarth.
Gallagher, S. (1995). Body schema and intentionality. In J. L. Bermúdez, A. J. Marcel, & N. Eilan (Eds), The Body and the Self. Cambridge, MA: MIT .
Gardner, R. M., Sorter, R. G., & Friedman, B. N. (1997). Developmental changes in children’s body images. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 12(4), 1019–1036.
Garner, D. M., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The Eating Attitudes Test: an index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine, 9(2), 273–279.
Gilligan, C. (1993). In a Different Voice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
Goodill, S. (2005). An Introduction to Medical Dance/movement Therapy: Health Care in Motion. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Gross, C. (1992）. Body image concept in dance movement therapy. Hahnemann University, Philadelphia.
Hall, G. S. Granville S. (1904). Adolescence: Its psychology and its relations to physiology, anthropology, sociology, sex, crime, religion, and education. New York, NY: Appleton. Retrieved from https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/ttu-ir/handle/2346/47053
Halliwell, E. (2013). The impact of thin idealized media images on body satisfaction: Does body appreciation protect women from negative effects? Body Image, 10(4), 509–514. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.004
Halliwell, E., Jarman, H., McNamara, A., Risdon, H., & Jankowski, G. (2015). Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools. Body Image, 14, 1–4. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.02.002
Hanley, F. (2004). The Dynamic Body Image and the Moving Body: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation (phd). Victoria University. Retrieved from http://www.vu.edu.au/research
Harter, S. (1990a). Causes, correlates, and the functional role of global self-worth: A life-span perspective. In R. J. Sternberg, J. Kolligian, & Jr. (Eds), Perceptions of competence and incompetence across the life span. (pp. 67–97). New Haven, CT: Yale University.
Harter, S. (1990b). Processes underlying adolescent self-concept formation. In R. Montemayor, G. R. Adams, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds), From childhood to adolescence: A transitional period? (pp. 205–239). Newbery, CA: Sage.
Hawkins, A. M. (1991). Moving from Within: A New Method for Dance Making. Pennington. NJ: Cappella Books.
Holmqvist, K., & Frisén, A. (2012). “I bet they aren’t that perfect in reality:” Appearance ideals viewed from the perspective of adolescents with a positive body image. Body Image, 9(3), 388–395. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.03.007
Jacobson, E. (1970). Modern treatment of tense patients: including the neurotic and depressed with case illustrations, follow-ups, and EMG measurements. New York, NY: Thomas.
Johnson, F., & Wardle, J. (2005). Dietary restraint, body dissatisfaction, and psychological distress: a prospective analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(1), 119–125. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.119
Jones, D. C. (2001）. Social Comparison and Body Image: Attractiveness Comparisons to Models and Peers Among Adolescent Girls and Boys. Sex Roles, 45（9/10）, 645–664.
Jones, J. M., Bennett, S., Olmsted, M. P., Lawson, M. L., & Rodin, G. (2001). Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours in teenaged girls: a school-based study. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 165(5), 547–552.
Kierr, S. (2011). Is Dance/Movement Therapy Relevant to the Process of Achieving a Healthy Sexuality? American Journal of Dance Therapy, 33(1), 42. doi: 10.1007/s10465-011-9103-9
Koch, S., Kunz, T., Lykou, S., & Cruz, R. (2014). Effects of dance movement therapy and dance on health-related psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 46–64. doi: 10.1016/j.aip.2013.10.004
Krantz, A. M. (1999）. Growing into Her Body: Dance/Movement Therapy for Women with Eating Disorders. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 21(2), 81–103. doi: 10.1023/A:1022104603189
LaFrance, M., & Mayo, C. A. W. (1978）. Moving bodies: nonverbal communication in social relationships. Monterey. CA: Brooks Cole.
Langdon, S. W. (2012). Body Image in Dance and Aesthetic Sports A2 - Cash, Thomas. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 226–232). Oxford: Academic. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123849250000341
Langdon, S. W., & Petracca, G. (2010). Tiny dancer: Body image and dancer identity in female modern dancers. Body Image, 7(4), 360–363. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.06.005
Leseho, J., & Maxwell, L. R. (2010). Coming alive: creative movement as a personal coping strategy on the path to healing and growth. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 38(1), 17–30. doi: 10.1080/03069880903411301
Levine, M. P., & Smolak, L. (2006). The Prevention of Eating Problems and Eating Disorders: Theory, Research, and Practice. London: Psychology Press.
Lewis, R. N., & Scannell, E. D. (1995). Relationship of body image and creative dance movement. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81(1), 155–160. doi: 10.2466/pms.1995.81.1.155
Lippin, A. R., & Micozzi, M. S. (2006）. Fundamentals of complementary and integrative medicine. In M. S. Micozzi （Ed）, Arts therapy (3rd Ed) (pp. 332–350). St. Louis, MO: Saunders.
Lundgren, J. D., Anderson, D. A., & Thompson, J. K. (2004). Fear of negative appearance evaluation: Development and evaluation of a new construct for risk factor work in the field of eating disorders. Eating Behaviors, 5(1), 75–84. doi: 10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00055-2
Mahlo, L., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Yoga and positive body image: A test of the Embodiment Model. Body Image, 18, 135–142. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.06.008
Maïano, C., Morin, A. J. S., Monthuy-Blanc, J., & Garbarino, J.-M. (2010). Construct Validity of the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale in a Community Sample of French Adolescents. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 19–27. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000004
Markowitz, S., Friedman, M. A., & Arent, S. M. (2008). Understanding the Relation Between Obesity and Depression: Causal Mechanisms and Implications for Treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 15(1), 1–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2008.00106.x
McHugh, T.-L. F., Coppola, A. M., & Sabiston, C. M. (2014). “I’m thankful for being Native and my body is part of that”: The body pride experiences of young Aboriginal women in Canada. Body Image, 11(3), 318–327. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.05.004
Meeus, W. (1989）. Parental and peer support in adolescence. In K. Hurrelmann & U. Engel (Ed), The social world of adolescents: International perspectives (pp. 167–183). Oxford, England: Walter De Gruyter.
Menzel, J. E., & Levine, M. P. (2011). Embodying experiences and the promotion of positive body image: The example of competitive athletics. In R. M. Calogero, S. Tantleff-Dunn, & J. K. Thompson (Ed), Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions (pp. 163–186). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Moon, B. L. (1998). The Dynamics of Art as Therapy with Adolescents. Illinois: Charles C Thomas.
Musher-Eizenman, D. R., Holub, S. C., Edwards-Leeper, L., Persson, A. V., & Goldstein, S. E. (2003). The narrow range of acceptable body types of preschoolers and their mothers. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 24（2）, 259–272. doi: 10.1016/S0193-3973(03)00047-9
Pallaro, P. (1993). Culture, self, and body-self: Dance/Movement therapy across cultures. In F. J. Bejjani (Ed), Current Research in Arts Medicine (pp. 287–291). Chicago: Cappella Books.
Pallaro, P. (1996). Self and body-self: Dance/movement therapy and the development of object relations. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 23(2), 113–119. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(95)00061-5
Paxton, S. J., & Wertheim, E. H. (2011). Body image development in adolescent girls. In T. F. Cash, L. Smolak (Eds) Body Image, Second Edition: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention (pp. 76–84). New York, NY: Guilford.
Piran, N. (2002). Embodiment. A mosaic of inquiries in the area of body weight and shape preoccupation. In S. M. Abbey (Ed), Ways of Knowing in and Through the Body: Diverse Perspectives on Embodiment (pp. 211–214). Welland, Canada: Soleil Publishing, Incorporated.
Piran, N. (2015). New possibilities in the prevention of eating disorders: The introduction of positive body image measures. Body Image, 14, 146–157. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.008
Piran, N., & Teall, T. (2012). The developmental theory of embodiment. In G. L. McVey, M. P. Levine, N. Piren, H. B. Ferduson (Eds), Preventing Eating-Related and Weight-Related Disorders: Collaborative Research, Advocacy, and Policy Change (pp. 171–199). Wilfrid Laurier Univ.
Pylvänäinen, P. (2003). Body Image: A Tripartite Model for Use in Dance/Movement Therapy. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 25(1), 39–55. doi: 10.1023/A:1025517232383
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. doi: 10.1177/014662167700100306
Reel, J. J., Petrie, T. A., Soohoo, S., & Anderson, C. M. (2013). Weight pressures in sport: Examining the factor structure and incremental validity of the weight pressures in sport - Females. ResearchGate, 14(2), 137–144. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.01.003
Ricciardelli, L. A., & McCabe, M. P. (2001). Dietary restraint and negative affect as mediators of body dissatisfaction and bulimic behavior in adolescent girls and boys. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39(11), 1317–1328. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00097-8
Ricciardelli, L. A., & Yager, Z. (2015）. Adolescence and Body Image: From Development to Preventing Dissatisfaction. New York, NY: Routledge.
Richardson, S. M., & Paxton, S. J. (2010). An evaluation of a body image intervention based on risk factors for body dissatisfaction: A controlled study with adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(2), 112–122. doi: 10.1002/eat.20682
Richardson, S. M., Paxton, S. J., & Thomson, J. S. (2009). Is BodyThink an efficacious body image and self-esteem program? A controlled evaluation with adolescents. Body Image, 6(2), 75–82. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.11.001
Ritter, M., & Low, K. G. (1996). Effects of dance/movement therapy: A meta-analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 23(3), 249–260. doi: 10.1016/0197-4556(96)00027-5
Rosenblum, G. D., & Lewis, M. (1999). The Relations among Body Image, Physical Attractiveness, and Body Mass in Adolescence. Child Development, 70(1), 50–64. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00005
Sandel, S. L., Chaiklin, S., & Lohn, A. (1993). Foundations of Dance/movement Therapy: The Life and Work of Marian Chace. Marian Chace Memorial Fund of the American Dance Therapy Association.
Santor, D. A., Messervey, D., & Kusumakar, V. (2000). Measuring Peer Pressure, Popularity, and Conformity in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Predicting School Performance, Sexual Attitudes, and Substance Abuse. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29(2), 163–182. doi: 10.1023/A:1005152515264
Santrock, J. W. (2001). Educational Psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Schaefer, L. M., & Thompson, J. K. (2014). The development and validation of the Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R). Eating Behaviors, 15(2), 209–217. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.01.001
Schilder, P. (1950). The image and appearance of the human body. New York, NY: International Universities.
Sebald, H. (1981). Adolescents’ concept of popularity and unpopularity, comparing 1960 with 1976. Adolescence, 16(61), 187–193.
Slade, P. D. (1988). Body image in anorexia nervosa. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 153(2), 20–22.
Slee, P. T., Campbell, M., & Spears, B. (2012). Child, Adolescent and Family Development (3rd Ed). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University.
Smolak, L. (2012). Body Image Development – Girl Children. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 212–218). Elsevier. Retrieved from http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978012384925000033X
Smolak, L., Murnen, S. K., & Ruble, A. E. (2000). Female Athletes and Eating Problems: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 27(4), 371–380.
Stice, E. (2002). Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(5), 825–848. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.825
Stice, E., & Bearman, S. K. (2001). Body-image and eating disturbances prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescent girls: a growth curve analysis. Developmental Psychology, 37(5), 597–607.
Stice, E., & Shaw, H. E. (2002). Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: a synthesis of research findings. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(5), 985–993.
Stice, E., & Whitenton, K. (2002). Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: A longitudinal investigation. Developmental Psychology, 38(5), 669–678. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.38.5.669
Swami, V., & Harris, A. S. (2012). Dancing Toward Positive Body Image? Examining Body-Related Constructs with Ballet and Contemporary Dancers at Different Levels. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 34(1), 39–52. doi: 10.1007/s10465-012-9129-7
Thomas, C. M., Keery, H., Williams, R., & Thompson, J. K. (1998）. The fear of negative appearance evaluation scale: Development and preliminary validation. Presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Washington, DC.
Thompson, J. K. (2004). The (mis)measurement of body image: ten strategies to improve assessment for applied and research purposes. Body Image, 1(1), 7–14. doi: 10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00004-4
Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999). Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance (Vol. xii). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Thompson, J. K., & Stice, E. (2001). Thin-Ideal Internalization: Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(5), 181–183. doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.00144
Thorne, A., & Michaelieu, Q. (1996). Situating Adolescent Gender and Self-Esteem with Personal Memories. Child Development, 67(4), 1374–1390. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01802.x
Tiemersma, D. (1989）. Body Schema and Body Image: An Interdisciplinary and Philosophical Study. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Tiggemann, M. (2015). Considerations of positive body image across various social identities and special populations. Body Image, 14, 168–176. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.002
Tiggemann, M., Coutts, E., & Clark, L. (2014). Belly Dance as an Embodying Activity?: A Test of the Embodiment Model of Positive Body Image. Sex Roles, 71（5-8）, 197–207. doi: 10.1007/s11199-014-0408-2
Tremblay, L., Lovsin, T., Zecevic, C., & Larivière, M. (2011). Perceptions of self in 3–5-year-old children: A preliminary investigation into the early emergence of body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 8(3), 287–292. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.04.004
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015a). The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 12, 53–67. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.006
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015b). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body Image, 14, 118–129. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.001
Wichstrøm, L. (1998). Self-concept development during adolescence: Do American truths hold for Norwegians? In A. L. von der Lippe (Ed) Personality development in adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective (pp. 98–122). Florence, KY: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
Wichstrøm, L., & von Soest, T. (2016). Reciprocal relations between body satisfaction and self-esteem: A large 13-year prospective study of adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 47, 16–27. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.12.003
Wilksch, S. M., & Wade, T. D. (2009). Reduction of shape and weight concern in young adolescents: a 30-month controlled evaluation of a media literacy program. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(6), 652–661. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181a1f559
Wise, I. (2000). Adolescence. London: Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Wood-Barcalow, N. L., Tylka, T. L., & Augustus-Horvath, C. L. (2010). “But I Like My Body”: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women. Body Image, 7(2), 106–116. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.01.001
Yager, Z., Diedrichs, P. C., Ricciardelli, L. A., & Halliwell, E. (2013). What works in secondary schools? A systematic review of classroom-based body image programs. Body Image, 10(3), 271–281. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.04.001
Yang, H.-J., Soong, W.-T., Kuo, P.-H., Chang, H.-L., & Chen, W. J. (2004). Using the CES-D in a two-phase survey for depressive disorders among nonreferred adolescents in Taipei: a stratum-specific likelihood ratio analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 82(3), 419–430. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.04.008		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.MPCG.002.2018.F01-