學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

題名 挑戰現今Instagram上對於女性「美」的再現:以肉感女藝人為例
Challenging the Representation of Women’s Beauty on Instagram: Plus-size Micro-celebrities in Panama and Taiwan
作者 宮昀妮
Cubilla, Winibeer Jhineth Gonzalez
貢獻者 蕭宏祺
Shiao, Hong-Chi
宮昀妮
Winibeer Jhineth Gonzalez Cubilla
關鍵詞 Plus-size
Micro-celebrity
Body acceptance
Instagram
Digital media
Social media
Panamanian
Taiwanese
Women
Beauty
Culture
Canons of beauty
Body
Fat
日期 2018
上傳時間 10-Aug-2018 10:48:16 (UTC+8)
摘要 The digital communication and the fast growing of social networks, such as Instagram, facilitate new models of interaction and ways individuals use to of build relations. In this new environment the term micro-celebrity defines those people that are increasing their popularity over the web using different types of technologies.

This paper first tries to understand how plus-size Panamanian and Taiwanese micro-celebrities self-present on Instagram as a platform considered rich on prejudices and stereotypes surrounding the body positivity communities; and how do they gain fame through online multimedia and textual representations. Second, elaborate and note the differences and similarities between their Instagram accounts. This exploratory research takes a qualitative approach using Nethnography as unique method for social media (Instagram) analysis and three research questions are proposed to give guidance and to better explore the self-presentation plus-size micro-celebrities have on Instagram: RQ1. How do Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women) self-present on Instagram? RQ2. What are the most popular hashtags Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women) use on their Instagram posts? and RQ3. What are the similarities or differences between the content shared by Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women)?

The netnography themed all kind of multimedia shared on the Instagram accounts and showed that there were more similarities than differences between the content portrayed among Taiwanese and Panamanian and there were 7 major themes within their profiles, glam posts, natural body, commercial and promotion, beautification, body acceptance labeled posts, fatness and transgressions, semi-nudity and sexualizations.
參考文獻 References

A. (2018, January 27). AirspaceplusAIR SPACE PLUS Sh... be mine! [Video blog post]. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from https://www.instagram.com/p/Beasjv1hz5V/?taken-by=airspaceplus
Agrawal, N. (2016, December 10). Meet the plus-size Japanese Instagram star leading a body-image revolution. Splinter. Retrieved April 10, 2018, from https://splinternews.com/meet-the-plus-size-japanese-instagram-star-leading-a-bo-1793864181
Albertson, E. R., Neff, K. D., & Dill-Shackleford, K. E. (2014). Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Meditation Intervention.
Albrecht, S. S., & Gordon-Larsen, P. (2013). Ethnic differences in body mass index trajectories from adolescence to adulthood: a focus on Hispanic and Asian subgroups in the United States. PloS one, 8(9), e72983.
Alcázar, J. (2008). Mujeres, cuerpo y performance en América Latina. Estudios sobre Sexualidad en América Latina, 331-350.
Alentola, A. E. (2017). Changing the narratives of marginalised bodies-a study about body positivism.
Bartsch, M., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2015). Technology and Self‐Presentation. The Wiley handbook of psychology, technology, and society, 339-357.
Beck, L. (2014). Is This What a Plus-Size Model Should Look Like?. Retrieved March, 11, 2018.
Bergman, S. M., Fearrington, M. E., Davenport, S. W., & Bergman, J. Z. (2011). Millennials, narcissism, and social networking: What narcissists do on social networking sites and why. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(5), 706-711.
Blanes, M. J. (2017). Las curvy como modelo de ‘celebritización’y empoderamiento en Instagram. CIC. Cuadernos de Información y Comunicación, 22.
Boyd, D. (2008). Can social network sites enable political action. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 4(2), 241-244.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Braziel, J. E., & LeBesco, K. (Eds.). (2001). Bodies out of bounds: Fatness and transgression. Univ of California Press.
Brewis, A. A., Han, S. Y., & SturtzSreetharan, C. L. (2017). Weight, gender, and depressive symptoms in South Korea. American Journal of Human Biology, 29(4).
Brodsky, A. L. E. X. A. N. D. R. A., & Nalebuff, R. K. (2015). The feminist utopia project.
Brunsting, S., & Postmes, T. (2002). Social movement participation in the digital age: Predicting offline and online collective action. Small group research, 33(5), 525-554.
Chacón, A. C. (2018). There was once a girl... Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://www.sohotsome.com/about/
Chang, S. R., Chao, Y. M. Y., & Kenney, N. J. (2006). I am a woman and I’m pregnant: body image of women in Taiwan during the third trimester of pregnancy. Birth, 33(2), 147-153.
Chapman, K. J. (2016). Digital Activism: How Social Media Prevalence has Impacted Modern Activism (Doctoral dissertation, University of Washington, Washington, USA). Retrieved from https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/36431/Chapman_washington_0250O_15963.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Chung, C. F., Agapie, E., Schroeder, J., Mishra, S., Fogarty, J., & Munson, S. A. (2017, May). When personal tracking becomes social: Examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1674-1687). ACM.
Clark, R. (2016). “Hope in a hashtag”: the discursive activism of# WhyIStayed. Feminist Media Studies, 16(5), 788-804.
Cover, R. (2012). Performing and undoing identity online: Social networking, identity theories and the incompatibility of online profiles and friendship regimes. Convergence, 18(2), 177-193.
Cwynar-Horta, J. C. (2016). Documenting Femininity: Body-Positivity and Female Empowerment on Instagram.
Dobson, A. S. (2015). Postfeminist digital cultures: Femininity, social media, and self-representation. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Editor, J. B. (2015, July 18). What is Beauty for Latinas? Retrieved from http://skorchmagazine.com/plus-size-fashion-blog/what-is-beauty-for-latinas/
Fredrick, C. A. N. (1999). Feminist rhetoric in cyberspace: The ethos of feminist usenet newsgroups. The Information Society, 15(3), 187-197.
Frith, K. T., Cheng, H., & Shaw, P. (2004). Race and beauty: A comparison of Asian and Western models in women`s magazine advertisements. Sex roles, 50(1-2), 53-61.
Gammon, J. (2015). Multi-country study finds body image improves with age. YouGov. Retrieved from https://today.yougov.com/news/2015/07/21/multi-country-study-find-body-image-improves-age/
GHAZNAVI, Jannath; TAYLOR, Laramie D. Bones, body parts, and sex appeal: An analysis of# thinspiration images on popular social media. Body Image, 2015, vol. 14, p. 54-61.
Haghanikar, T. M. (2016). Toward multicultural narratology: A narrative analysis of multicultural children`s literature (Doctoral dissertation, Oakland University).
Harden, B. (2010, March 07). Big in Japan? Fat chance for nation`s young women, obsessed with being skinny. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/04/AR2010030401436.html
Harju, A. A. (2018). A Relational Approach to the Digital Self: Plus-Sized Bloggers and the Double-Edged Sword of Marked-Compromised Identity. M/C Journal, 21(2).
Hatuka, T., & Toch, E. (2016). The emergence of portable private-personal territory: Smartphones, social conduct and public spaces. Urban Studies, 53(10), 2192-2208.
He, K. (2017, February 27). Plus-size models in China become more accepted as the public`s notion of beauty expands. Global Times. Retrieved from http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1035054.shtml
Hester, H., & Walters, C. (2016). Fat sex: New directions in theory and activism. Routledge.
Heverin, T., & Zach, L. (2012). Use of microblogging for collective sense‐making during violent crises: A study of three campus shootings. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 63(1), 34-47.
Higginbottom, G. M. A. (2004). Sampling issues in qualitative research. Nurse Researcher (through 2013), 12(1), 7.
Holland, S. (2018). ‘Sensual and Imaginative’: Glamour and the Vintage Body. In Modern Vintage Homes & Leisure Lives (pp. 179-206). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Jackson, N., & Lilleker, D. (2011). Microblogging, constituency service and impression management: UK MPs and the use of Twitter. The Journal of Legislative Studies, 17(1), 86-105.
Jones, G. (2017). Globalizing Latin American Beauty. ReVista (Cambridge), 16(3), 10-82.
Jung, J., & Forbes, G. B. (2007). Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating among college women in China, South Korea, and the United States: Contrasting predictions from sociocultural and feminist theories. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31(4), 381-393.
Keefer, K. H. (2017). Group Identity, Scarification, and Poro among Liberated Africans in Sierra Leone, 1808–1819. Journal of West African History, 3(1), 1-25.
Kernan, K. (2018). DOES BODY IMAGE MATTER IN MARKETING TO MILLENNIALS?.
Khoja-Moolji, S. (2015). Becoming an “intimate publics”: Exploring the affective intensities of hashtag feminism. Feminist Media Studies, 15(2), 347-350.
Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. Sage publications.
Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Kozinets, R. V., Scaraboto, D., & Parmentier, M. A. (2018). Evolving netnography: how brand auto-netnography, a netnographic sensibility, and more-than-human netnography can transform your research.
Lamb, C. W., Hair, J. F., & McDaniel, C. (2011). Essentials of marketing. Cengage
Lebel, K., & Danylchuk, K. (2012). How tweet it is: A gendered analysis of professional tennis players’ self-presentation on Twitter. International Journal of Sport Communication, 5(4), 461-480.
Lee, C. (2016, June 18). `It`s okay to be ugly, not fat`. The Star Online. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2016/06/19/its-okay-to-be-ugly-not-fat-tackling-body-shaming-is-difficult-in-south-korea-where-many-are-obsesse/
Lee, S. W., & Schwarz, N. (2010). Dirty Hands and Dirty Mouths: Embodiment of the Moral-Purity Metaphor Is Specific to the Motor Modality Involved in Moral Transgression. Psychological Science, 21(10), 1423-1425.
Lewallen, J., & Behm-Morawitz, E. (2016). Pinterest or thinterest?: Social comparison and body image on social media. Social Media+ Society, 2(1), 2056305116640559.
Liew, S., Wu, W. T., Chan, H. H., Ho, W. W., Kim, H. J., Goodman, G. J., ... & Rogers, J. D. Consensus on Changing Trends, Attitudes, and Concepts of Asian Beauty.
Liu, T., Chen, Z., & Wong, T. (2018, March 05). Big in Asia: The woman showing plus-size can be beautiful. Retrieved April/May, 2018, from http://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-australia-43237144/big-in-asia-the-woman-showing-plus-size-can-be-beautiful
Lunden, I. (2014, January 21). Instagram is the fastest-growing social site globally, mobile devices rule over PCs for access. Retrieved from http://techcrunch.com/2014/01/21/instagram-is-the-fastest-growing-social-site-globally-mobile-devices-rule-over-pcs-for-social-access/
M. (2018). Profession. Retrieved March/April, 2018, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/profession
McKelle, E. (2015, May 18). I AM Campaign empowers Asian women with body positivity in an awesome way. Bustle. Retrieved from https://www.bustle.com/articles/83440-i-am-campaign-by-priscilla-boh-and-kayde-ling-is-empowering-asian-women-with-body-positivity
McKinley, N. M. (2017). Ideal weight/ideal women: Society constructs the female. In Weighty Issues (pp. 97-115). Routledge.
Meeuf, R. (2017). Rebellious Bodies: Stardom, Citizenship, and the New Body Politics. University of Texas Press.
Merriam Webster Dictionary. Plus-size. Retrieved February/March, 2018, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plus-size
Money, C. N. (2017). Do the Clothes Make the (Fat) Woman: The Good and Bad of the Plus-Sized Clothing Industry. Siegel Institute Ethics Research Scholars, 1(1), 1.
Moyer, J. W. (2015, April 08). How Lane Bryant might be `bullying` skinny women. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/04/08/lane-bryant-imnoangel-ad-campaign-might-be-bullying-skinny-women/?utm_term=.390a8bcdbc72
MS Medios, N. G. (2017, October 15). Las curvas desfilan en Colombia. Retrieved February/March, 2018, from https://www.informador.mx/Entretenimiento/Las-curvas-desfilan-en-Colombia-20170727-0154.html
Nebot Muñoz, A. (2017). Instagram y el canon de belleza actual: modelos “plus-size".
Olivia, A. (2015, December 7). Here`s why the body positive movement hasn`t made it to Asia. Wear Your Voice. Retrieved from https://wearyourvoicemag.com/body-politics/body-image-body-positive-movement-southeast-asia-asia-pacific
Packham, A. (2017, August 16). Body positive yogi wants to convince people of all sizes that yoga is for everyone. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/dolly-singh-body-positive_uk_599425c9e4b0e789a9483a7f
Papacharissi, Z. (2014). On networked publics and private spheres in social media. The social media handbook, 144-158.
Papacharissi, Z. (2016). Affective publics and structures of storytelling: Sentiment, events and mediality. Information, Communication & Society, 19(3), 307-324.
Papacharissi, Z. (Ed.). (2010). A networked self: Identity, community, and culture on social network sites. Routledge.
Pounders, K., Kowalczyk, C. M., & Stowers, K. (2016). Insight into the motivation of selfie postings: impression management and self-esteem. European Journal of Marketing, 50(9/10), 1879-1892.
Quintero, K., & M., K. Q. (2016, March 23). Le saca el jugo a sus libras. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://elsiglo.com.pa/espectaculos/saca-jugo-libras/23929590NOTES
Rassi, N. (2016). Empowerment, Control & The Female Body: Is Instagram a Platform for Change?.
Rhee, S. C. (2018). Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces. Skin Research and Technology, 24(1), 73-79.
Robinovich, J., Ossa, X., Baeza, B., Krumeich, A., & van der Borne, B. (2018). Embodiment of social roles and thinness as a form of capital: A qualitative approach towards understanding female obesity disparities in Chile. Social Science & Medicine, 201, 80-86.
Sanderson, J. (2008). The blog is serving its purpose: Self-presentation strategies on 38pitches. com. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 912–936.
Saxena, K. (2015, December 9). Parineeti Chopra sheds inhibitions, slays body-shamers in brand new photo shoot. Vagabomb. Retrieved from http://www.vagabomb.com/Parineeti-Chopra-Sheds-Inhibitions-Slays-BodyShamers-in-Brand-New-Photo-Shoot/
Schaefer, K., Tullio-Pow, S., Abel, S., Story, C., & Barry, B. (2017). The Right Fit: A Clothing Needs Assessment of Women with Plus-size Bodies (20+).
Schaefer, Kirsten, et al. "The Right Fit: A Clothing Needs Assessment of Women with Plus-size Bodies (20+)." (2017).
Singh, S. K. (2018). Destigmatization of the fat female body in Size Zero and Dum Laga ke Haisha. Fat Studies, 1-17.
Slater, A., Varsani, N., & Diedrichs, P. C. (2017). # fitspo or# loveyourself? The impact of fitspiration and self-compassion Instagram images on women’s body image, self-compassion, and mood. Body image, 22, 87-96.
Smith, L. R., & Sanderson, J. (2015). I`m going to Instagram it! An analysis of athlete self-presentation on Instagram. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 342-358.
South China Morning Post. (2016, August 30). Vivian Geeyang Kim is a plus-size challenge to South Korea`s beauty norm. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/2011172/vivian-geeyang-kim-plus-size-challenge-south-koreas-beauty-norm
Stampler, L. (2014, October 31). Victoria`s Secret Perfect Body Campaign: Backlash, Petition. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from http://time.com/3551892/victorias-secret-perfect-body-ad-backlash-petition/
Stover, C. (2014). ‘Divulging the Eat Deets’: Postfeminist Self-Surveillance on Women’s Fitness Blogs.
Tai, C. (2018, February 04). Body positivity still far away for many plus-size women in Asia. South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/fashion-luxury/article/2131679/plus-size-asian-women-body-positivity-still-has-long-way-go
Tan, M. Y. (n.d.). #TheWomanWho... is helping others find self-love. Elle Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.elle.sg/lifestyle/body-soul/thewomanwho-is-helping-others-find-self-love-7521010
Theocharis, Y., Lowe, W., Deth, J. W., & García-Albacete, G. (2015). Using Twitter to mobilize protest action: online mobilization patterns and action repertoires in the Occupy Wall Street, Indignados, and Aganaktismenoi movements. Information, Communication & Society, 18(2), 202-220.
Thrift, S. C. (2014). # YesAllWomen as feminist meme event. Feminist Media Studies, 14(6), 1090-1092.
Trammell, K. D., & Keshelashvili, A. (2005). Examining the new influencers: A self-presentation study of A-list blogs. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 82(4), 968-982.
Trammell, K. D., & Keshelashvili, A. Examining the New Influencers: A Self-Presentation Study of A-List Blogs.
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body image, 14, 118-129.
Vazire, S., Naumann, L. P., Rentfrow, P. J., & Gosling, S. D. (2008). Portrait of a narcissist: Manifestations of narcissism in physical appearance. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(6), 1439-1447.
Wang, A., & Arah, O. A. (2015). Peer Reviewed: Body Mass Index and Poor Self-Rated Health in 49 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries, By Sex, 2002–2004. Preventing chronic disease, 12.
Wazny, K. M. (2010). Feminist Communities Online: What it means to be a Jezebel.
Westlake, E. J. (2008). Friend me if you Facebook: Generation Y and performative surveillance. The Drama Review, 52(4), 21-40.
Woo, A. (2017, February 16). Rising demand for fashionable plus-size clothing fuelling the growth of industry here. Asia One. Retrieved from http://www.asiaone.com/women/rising-demand-fashionable-plus-size-clothing-fuelling-growth-industry-here
Yang, G. (2016). Narrative agency in hashtag activism: The case of# BlackLivesMatter. Media and Communication, 4(4), 13.
Yaverbaum, E. (2017, December 07). #HashtagActivism -- Turning whispers into shouts and fighting stigma with story. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-yaverbaum/hashtagactivism-turning-w_b_8751204.html
Yohn, D. L. (2015, September 02). Lane Bryant changes the conversation about women and perceptions about its brand. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/deniselyohn/2015/09/02/lane-bryant-changes-the-conversation-about-women-and-perceptions-about-its-brand-too/#3ec584105a8e
Zanette, M. C., & Brito, E. P. Z. Fashionable subjects and complicity resistance: power, subjectification, and bounded resistance in the context of plus-size consumers.
Zhang, Y. B., Lin, M. C., Nonaka, A., & Beom, K. (2005). Harmony, hierarchy and conservatism: A cross-cultural comparison of Confucian values in China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Communication research reports, 22(2), 107-115.
Zhao, S. (2005). The digital self: Through the looking glass of telecopresent others. Symbolic interaction, 28(3), 387-405.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
105461022
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105461022
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蕭宏祺zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Shiao, Hong-Chien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 宮昀妮zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Winibeer Jhineth Gonzalez Cubillaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 宮昀妮zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Cubilla, Winibeer Jhineth Gonzalezen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 10-Aug-2018 10:48:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 10-Aug-2018 10:48:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-Aug-2018 10:48:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105461022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/119298-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105461022zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The digital communication and the fast growing of social networks, such as Instagram, facilitate new models of interaction and ways individuals use to of build relations. In this new environment the term micro-celebrity defines those people that are increasing their popularity over the web using different types of technologies.

This paper first tries to understand how plus-size Panamanian and Taiwanese micro-celebrities self-present on Instagram as a platform considered rich on prejudices and stereotypes surrounding the body positivity communities; and how do they gain fame through online multimedia and textual representations. Second, elaborate and note the differences and similarities between their Instagram accounts. This exploratory research takes a qualitative approach using Nethnography as unique method for social media (Instagram) analysis and three research questions are proposed to give guidance and to better explore the self-presentation plus-size micro-celebrities have on Instagram: RQ1. How do Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women) self-present on Instagram? RQ2. What are the most popular hashtags Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women) use on their Instagram posts? and RQ3. What are the similarities or differences between the content shared by Panamanian and Taiwanese plus-size micro-celebrities (women)?

The netnography themed all kind of multimedia shared on the Instagram accounts and showed that there were more similarities than differences between the content portrayed among Taiwanese and Panamanian and there were 7 major themes within their profiles, glam posts, natural body, commercial and promotion, beautification, body acceptance labeled posts, fatness and transgressions, semi-nudity and sexualizations.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENT
l-Introduction 1
1.1. Research Background 3
1.1.2. Positive Body Image and the Word Fat 5
1.2 Purpose of the Study and Contributions 6
ll-Literature Review 8
2.1. Plus-size Women and the Critique 8
2.2. Media and the Ideal Beauty 10
2.3. Social Norms and Canons of the Female Beauty 11
2.4. Self-presentation 13
2.4.1 Women’s Self-presentation on Instagram 14
2.5. The power of hashtags 16
2.6. Body Positivity Plus-sizing Latin America and Asia 17
2.6.1 Latin America 17
2.6.2 Asia 18
2.7. The raise of plus-size celebrities on Instagram 19
2.8. Digital empowerment, narcissism or business 21
lll-Method and Research Questions 23
3.1. Netnography 23
3.2. Data Collection and Analysis 24
3.2.1. Panama 25
3.2.2. Taiwan 27
lV-Findings 32
4.1. Primary Themes (More repetitive) 34
4.1.1. Glam Post 34
4.1.2. Natural Body 40
4.1.3. Commercial and Promotion 44
4.1.4. Beautification 48
4.2. Secondary Themes (Less Repetitive) 51
4.2.1. Body Acceptance Labeled Posts 51
4.2.2. Fatness and transgressions 53
4.2.3. Semi-nudity and Sexualization 55
4.3. Findings Theme Framework 58
4.4. Hashtags 59
Conclusion and Discussion 59
Implications and Limitations 61
References 62

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Figures Page No.
Figure 1 19
Figure 2 26
Figure 3 27
Figure 4 28
Figure 5 29
Figure 6 30
Figure 7 30
Figure 8 33
Figure 9 34
Figure 10 36
Figure 11 36
Figure 12 37
Figure 13 37
Figure 14 38
Figure 15 38
Figure 16 39
Figure 17 40
Figure 18 40
Figure 19 41
Figure 20 41
Figure 21 41
Figure 22 42
Figure 23 42
Figure 24 43
Figure 25 43
Figure 26 45
Figure 27 46
Figure 28 46
Figure 29 47
Figure 30 48
Figure 31 50
Figure 32 51
Figure 33 52
Figure 34 53
Figure 35 54
Figure 36 55
Figure 37 56
Figure 38 57
Figure 39 57

Tables

Table 1 29
Table 2 32
Table 3 50
Table 4 58
Table 5 59
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 5988228 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105461022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Plus-sizeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Micro-celebrityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Body acceptanceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Instagramen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Digital mediaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social mediaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Panamanianen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwaneseen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Womenen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Beautyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cultureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Canons of beautyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Bodyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Faten_US
dc.title (題名) 挑戰現今Instagram上對於女性「美」的再現:以肉感女藝人為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Challenging the Representation of Women’s Beauty on Instagram: Plus-size Micro-celebrities in Panama and Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) References

A. (2018, January 27). AirspaceplusAIR SPACE PLUS Sh... be mine! [Video blog post]. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from https://www.instagram.com/p/Beasjv1hz5V/?taken-by=airspaceplus
Agrawal, N. (2016, December 10). Meet the plus-size Japanese Instagram star leading a body-image revolution. Splinter. Retrieved April 10, 2018, from https://splinternews.com/meet-the-plus-size-japanese-instagram-star-leading-a-bo-1793864181
Albertson, E. R., Neff, K. D., & Dill-Shackleford, K. E. (2014). Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Meditation Intervention.
Albrecht, S. S., & Gordon-Larsen, P. (2013). Ethnic differences in body mass index trajectories from adolescence to adulthood: a focus on Hispanic and Asian subgroups in the United States. PloS one, 8(9), e72983.
Alcázar, J. (2008). Mujeres, cuerpo y performance en América Latina. Estudios sobre Sexualidad en América Latina, 331-350.
Alentola, A. E. (2017). Changing the narratives of marginalised bodies-a study about body positivism.
Bartsch, M., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2015). Technology and Self‐Presentation. The Wiley handbook of psychology, technology, and society, 339-357.
Beck, L. (2014). Is This What a Plus-Size Model Should Look Like?. Retrieved March, 11, 2018.
Bergman, S. M., Fearrington, M. E., Davenport, S. W., & Bergman, J. Z. (2011). Millennials, narcissism, and social networking: What narcissists do on social networking sites and why. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(5), 706-711.
Blanes, M. J. (2017). Las curvy como modelo de ‘celebritización’y empoderamiento en Instagram. CIC. Cuadernos de Información y Comunicación, 22.
Boyd, D. (2008). Can social network sites enable political action. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 4(2), 241-244.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Braziel, J. E., & LeBesco, K. (Eds.). (2001). Bodies out of bounds: Fatness and transgression. Univ of California Press.
Brewis, A. A., Han, S. Y., & SturtzSreetharan, C. L. (2017). Weight, gender, and depressive symptoms in South Korea. American Journal of Human Biology, 29(4).
Brodsky, A. L. E. X. A. N. D. R. A., & Nalebuff, R. K. (2015). The feminist utopia project.
Brunsting, S., & Postmes, T. (2002). Social movement participation in the digital age: Predicting offline and online collective action. Small group research, 33(5), 525-554.
Chacón, A. C. (2018). There was once a girl... Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://www.sohotsome.com/about/
Chang, S. R., Chao, Y. M. Y., & Kenney, N. J. (2006). I am a woman and I’m pregnant: body image of women in Taiwan during the third trimester of pregnancy. Birth, 33(2), 147-153.
Chapman, K. J. (2016). Digital Activism: How Social Media Prevalence has Impacted Modern Activism (Doctoral dissertation, University of Washington, Washington, USA). Retrieved from https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/36431/Chapman_washington_0250O_15963.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Chung, C. F., Agapie, E., Schroeder, J., Mishra, S., Fogarty, J., & Munson, S. A. (2017, May). When personal tracking becomes social: Examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1674-1687). ACM.
Clark, R. (2016). “Hope in a hashtag”: the discursive activism of# WhyIStayed. Feminist Media Studies, 16(5), 788-804.
Cover, R. (2012). Performing and undoing identity online: Social networking, identity theories and the incompatibility of online profiles and friendship regimes. Convergence, 18(2), 177-193.
Cwynar-Horta, J. C. (2016). Documenting Femininity: Body-Positivity and Female Empowerment on Instagram.
Dobson, A. S. (2015). Postfeminist digital cultures: Femininity, social media, and self-representation. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Editor, J. B. (2015, July 18). What is Beauty for Latinas? Retrieved from http://skorchmagazine.com/plus-size-fashion-blog/what-is-beauty-for-latinas/
Fredrick, C. A. N. (1999). Feminist rhetoric in cyberspace: The ethos of feminist usenet newsgroups. The Information Society, 15(3), 187-197.
Frith, K. T., Cheng, H., & Shaw, P. (2004). Race and beauty: A comparison of Asian and Western models in women`s magazine advertisements. Sex roles, 50(1-2), 53-61.
Gammon, J. (2015). Multi-country study finds body image improves with age. YouGov. Retrieved from https://today.yougov.com/news/2015/07/21/multi-country-study-find-body-image-improves-age/
GHAZNAVI, Jannath; TAYLOR, Laramie D. Bones, body parts, and sex appeal: An analysis of# thinspiration images on popular social media. Body Image, 2015, vol. 14, p. 54-61.
Haghanikar, T. M. (2016). Toward multicultural narratology: A narrative analysis of multicultural children`s literature (Doctoral dissertation, Oakland University).
Harden, B. (2010, March 07). Big in Japan? Fat chance for nation`s young women, obsessed with being skinny. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/04/AR2010030401436.html
Harju, A. A. (2018). A Relational Approach to the Digital Self: Plus-Sized Bloggers and the Double-Edged Sword of Marked-Compromised Identity. M/C Journal, 21(2).
Hatuka, T., & Toch, E. (2016). The emergence of portable private-personal territory: Smartphones, social conduct and public spaces. Urban Studies, 53(10), 2192-2208.
He, K. (2017, February 27). Plus-size models in China become more accepted as the public`s notion of beauty expands. Global Times. Retrieved from http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1035054.shtml
Hester, H., & Walters, C. (2016). Fat sex: New directions in theory and activism. Routledge.
Heverin, T., & Zach, L. (2012). Use of microblogging for collective sense‐making during violent crises: A study of three campus shootings. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 63(1), 34-47.
Higginbottom, G. M. A. (2004). Sampling issues in qualitative research. Nurse Researcher (through 2013), 12(1), 7.
Holland, S. (2018). ‘Sensual and Imaginative’: Glamour and the Vintage Body. In Modern Vintage Homes & Leisure Lives (pp. 179-206). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Jackson, N., & Lilleker, D. (2011). Microblogging, constituency service and impression management: UK MPs and the use of Twitter. The Journal of Legislative Studies, 17(1), 86-105.
Jones, G. (2017). Globalizing Latin American Beauty. ReVista (Cambridge), 16(3), 10-82.
Jung, J., & Forbes, G. B. (2007). Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating among college women in China, South Korea, and the United States: Contrasting predictions from sociocultural and feminist theories. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31(4), 381-393.
Keefer, K. H. (2017). Group Identity, Scarification, and Poro among Liberated Africans in Sierra Leone, 1808–1819. Journal of West African History, 3(1), 1-25.
Kernan, K. (2018). DOES BODY IMAGE MATTER IN MARKETING TO MILLENNIALS?.
Khoja-Moolji, S. (2015). Becoming an “intimate publics”: Exploring the affective intensities of hashtag feminism. Feminist Media Studies, 15(2), 347-350.
Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. Sage publications.
Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Kozinets, R. V., Scaraboto, D., & Parmentier, M. A. (2018). Evolving netnography: how brand auto-netnography, a netnographic sensibility, and more-than-human netnography can transform your research.
Lamb, C. W., Hair, J. F., & McDaniel, C. (2011). Essentials of marketing. Cengage
Lebel, K., & Danylchuk, K. (2012). How tweet it is: A gendered analysis of professional tennis players’ self-presentation on Twitter. International Journal of Sport Communication, 5(4), 461-480.
Lee, C. (2016, June 18). `It`s okay to be ugly, not fat`. The Star Online. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2016/06/19/its-okay-to-be-ugly-not-fat-tackling-body-shaming-is-difficult-in-south-korea-where-many-are-obsesse/
Lee, S. W., & Schwarz, N. (2010). Dirty Hands and Dirty Mouths: Embodiment of the Moral-Purity Metaphor Is Specific to the Motor Modality Involved in Moral Transgression. Psychological Science, 21(10), 1423-1425.
Lewallen, J., & Behm-Morawitz, E. (2016). Pinterest or thinterest?: Social comparison and body image on social media. Social Media+ Society, 2(1), 2056305116640559.
Liew, S., Wu, W. T., Chan, H. H., Ho, W. W., Kim, H. J., Goodman, G. J., ... & Rogers, J. D. Consensus on Changing Trends, Attitudes, and Concepts of Asian Beauty.
Liu, T., Chen, Z., & Wong, T. (2018, March 05). Big in Asia: The woman showing plus-size can be beautiful. Retrieved April/May, 2018, from http://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-australia-43237144/big-in-asia-the-woman-showing-plus-size-can-be-beautiful
Lunden, I. (2014, January 21). Instagram is the fastest-growing social site globally, mobile devices rule over PCs for access. Retrieved from http://techcrunch.com/2014/01/21/instagram-is-the-fastest-growing-social-site-globally-mobile-devices-rule-over-pcs-for-social-access/
M. (2018). Profession. Retrieved March/April, 2018, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/profession
McKelle, E. (2015, May 18). I AM Campaign empowers Asian women with body positivity in an awesome way. Bustle. Retrieved from https://www.bustle.com/articles/83440-i-am-campaign-by-priscilla-boh-and-kayde-ling-is-empowering-asian-women-with-body-positivity
McKinley, N. M. (2017). Ideal weight/ideal women: Society constructs the female. In Weighty Issues (pp. 97-115). Routledge.
Meeuf, R. (2017). Rebellious Bodies: Stardom, Citizenship, and the New Body Politics. University of Texas Press.
Merriam Webster Dictionary. Plus-size. Retrieved February/March, 2018, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plus-size
Money, C. N. (2017). Do the Clothes Make the (Fat) Woman: The Good and Bad of the Plus-Sized Clothing Industry. Siegel Institute Ethics Research Scholars, 1(1), 1.
Moyer, J. W. (2015, April 08). How Lane Bryant might be `bullying` skinny women. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/04/08/lane-bryant-imnoangel-ad-campaign-might-be-bullying-skinny-women/?utm_term=.390a8bcdbc72
MS Medios, N. G. (2017, October 15). Las curvas desfilan en Colombia. Retrieved February/March, 2018, from https://www.informador.mx/Entretenimiento/Las-curvas-desfilan-en-Colombia-20170727-0154.html
Nebot Muñoz, A. (2017). Instagram y el canon de belleza actual: modelos “plus-size".
Olivia, A. (2015, December 7). Here`s why the body positive movement hasn`t made it to Asia. Wear Your Voice. Retrieved from https://wearyourvoicemag.com/body-politics/body-image-body-positive-movement-southeast-asia-asia-pacific
Packham, A. (2017, August 16). Body positive yogi wants to convince people of all sizes that yoga is for everyone. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/dolly-singh-body-positive_uk_599425c9e4b0e789a9483a7f
Papacharissi, Z. (2014). On networked publics and private spheres in social media. The social media handbook, 144-158.
Papacharissi, Z. (2016). Affective publics and structures of storytelling: Sentiment, events and mediality. Information, Communication & Society, 19(3), 307-324.
Papacharissi, Z. (Ed.). (2010). A networked self: Identity, community, and culture on social network sites. Routledge.
Pounders, K., Kowalczyk, C. M., & Stowers, K. (2016). Insight into the motivation of selfie postings: impression management and self-esteem. European Journal of Marketing, 50(9/10), 1879-1892.
Quintero, K., & M., K. Q. (2016, March 23). Le saca el jugo a sus libras. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://elsiglo.com.pa/espectaculos/saca-jugo-libras/23929590NOTES
Rassi, N. (2016). Empowerment, Control & The Female Body: Is Instagram a Platform for Change?.
Rhee, S. C. (2018). Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces. Skin Research and Technology, 24(1), 73-79.
Robinovich, J., Ossa, X., Baeza, B., Krumeich, A., & van der Borne, B. (2018). Embodiment of social roles and thinness as a form of capital: A qualitative approach towards understanding female obesity disparities in Chile. Social Science & Medicine, 201, 80-86.
Sanderson, J. (2008). The blog is serving its purpose: Self-presentation strategies on 38pitches. com. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 912–936.
Saxena, K. (2015, December 9). Parineeti Chopra sheds inhibitions, slays body-shamers in brand new photo shoot. Vagabomb. Retrieved from http://www.vagabomb.com/Parineeti-Chopra-Sheds-Inhibitions-Slays-BodyShamers-in-Brand-New-Photo-Shoot/
Schaefer, K., Tullio-Pow, S., Abel, S., Story, C., & Barry, B. (2017). The Right Fit: A Clothing Needs Assessment of Women with Plus-size Bodies (20+).
Schaefer, Kirsten, et al. "The Right Fit: A Clothing Needs Assessment of Women with Plus-size Bodies (20+)." (2017).
Singh, S. K. (2018). Destigmatization of the fat female body in Size Zero and Dum Laga ke Haisha. Fat Studies, 1-17.
Slater, A., Varsani, N., & Diedrichs, P. C. (2017). # fitspo or# loveyourself? The impact of fitspiration and self-compassion Instagram images on women’s body image, self-compassion, and mood. Body image, 22, 87-96.
Smith, L. R., & Sanderson, J. (2015). I`m going to Instagram it! An analysis of athlete self-presentation on Instagram. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 342-358.
South China Morning Post. (2016, August 30). Vivian Geeyang Kim is a plus-size challenge to South Korea`s beauty norm. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/2011172/vivian-geeyang-kim-plus-size-challenge-south-koreas-beauty-norm
Stampler, L. (2014, October 31). Victoria`s Secret Perfect Body Campaign: Backlash, Petition. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from http://time.com/3551892/victorias-secret-perfect-body-ad-backlash-petition/
Stover, C. (2014). ‘Divulging the Eat Deets’: Postfeminist Self-Surveillance on Women’s Fitness Blogs.
Tai, C. (2018, February 04). Body positivity still far away for many plus-size women in Asia. South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/fashion-luxury/article/2131679/plus-size-asian-women-body-positivity-still-has-long-way-go
Tan, M. Y. (n.d.). #TheWomanWho... is helping others find self-love. Elle Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.elle.sg/lifestyle/body-soul/thewomanwho-is-helping-others-find-self-love-7521010
Theocharis, Y., Lowe, W., Deth, J. W., & García-Albacete, G. (2015). Using Twitter to mobilize protest action: online mobilization patterns and action repertoires in the Occupy Wall Street, Indignados, and Aganaktismenoi movements. Information, Communication & Society, 18(2), 202-220.
Thrift, S. C. (2014). # YesAllWomen as feminist meme event. Feminist Media Studies, 14(6), 1090-1092.
Trammell, K. D., & Keshelashvili, A. (2005). Examining the new influencers: A self-presentation study of A-list blogs. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 82(4), 968-982.
Trammell, K. D., & Keshelashvili, A. Examining the New Influencers: A Self-Presentation Study of A-List Blogs.
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body image, 14, 118-129.
Vazire, S., Naumann, L. P., Rentfrow, P. J., & Gosling, S. D. (2008). Portrait of a narcissist: Manifestations of narcissism in physical appearance. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(6), 1439-1447.
Wang, A., & Arah, O. A. (2015). Peer Reviewed: Body Mass Index and Poor Self-Rated Health in 49 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries, By Sex, 2002–2004. Preventing chronic disease, 12.
Wazny, K. M. (2010). Feminist Communities Online: What it means to be a Jezebel.
Westlake, E. J. (2008). Friend me if you Facebook: Generation Y and performative surveillance. The Drama Review, 52(4), 21-40.
Woo, A. (2017, February 16). Rising demand for fashionable plus-size clothing fuelling the growth of industry here. Asia One. Retrieved from http://www.asiaone.com/women/rising-demand-fashionable-plus-size-clothing-fuelling-growth-industry-here
Yang, G. (2016). Narrative agency in hashtag activism: The case of# BlackLivesMatter. Media and Communication, 4(4), 13.
Yaverbaum, E. (2017, December 07). #HashtagActivism -- Turning whispers into shouts and fighting stigma with story. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-yaverbaum/hashtagactivism-turning-w_b_8751204.html
Yohn, D. L. (2015, September 02). Lane Bryant changes the conversation about women and perceptions about its brand. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/deniselyohn/2015/09/02/lane-bryant-changes-the-conversation-about-women-and-perceptions-about-its-brand-too/#3ec584105a8e
Zanette, M. C., & Brito, E. P. Z. Fashionable subjects and complicity resistance: power, subjectification, and bounded resistance in the context of plus-size consumers.
Zhang, Y. B., Lin, M. C., Nonaka, A., & Beom, K. (2005). Harmony, hierarchy and conservatism: A cross-cultural comparison of Confucian values in China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Communication research reports, 22(2), 107-115.
Zhao, S. (2005). The digital self: Through the looking glass of telecopresent others. Symbolic interaction, 28(3), 387-405.
zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMICS.010.2018.F05-