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題名 早期的卓別林與美國電影文化(1914 – 1923)
Early Charles Chaplin and American Film Culture (1914 – 1923)
作者 Shen, Wen-Long
貢獻者 周一騰
Eaton, Joseph
沈芠隆
Shen, Wen-Long
日期 2018
摘要 查理·卓別林 (1889 – 1977) 是一位在美國電影界成名和取得成功的英國喜劇演員。卓別林是以舞台劇演員的身分開他的演藝生涯，並於1914年時轉戰電影圈。卓別林在1923年時成為一位「獨立演員」，在此之前他分別在金石 (Keystone)、艾善聶 (Essanay)、繆區爾 (Mutual) 和第一國家 (First National) 等四家電影旗下工作。
     許多現代的觀眾和學者都認為，卓別林透過扮演一個代表社會底層貧民的「流浪漢」角色，來傳達他對下層階級人民的同情，一些人甚至將卓別林的電影與左翼政治理想作連結。然而回到1914至1923的早期美國電影史，對當時的人來說，他們只在意卓別林的電影是否有趣。
     不同於大多數卓別林的研究，將研究重心聚焦於卓別林晚期成熟的作品和流浪漢角色，本論文的研究重心在放在早期卓別林的電影和生涯。透過專門報紙(trade papers)和粉絲雜誌(fan magazines)來探討卓別林與美國電影文化的關係。
Charles Chaplin (1889 – 1977) was an English comedian who became famous and successful in the American film industry. He began his career as a stage actor with Music Hall, and entered the film industry in 1914. Before Chaplin became an “independent actor” in 1923, he worked with four different film companies: Keystone, Essanay, Mutual, and First National.
     Many modern audiences and scholars believe that Chaplin plays a “tramp” character which represents poor people who struggle in the bottom of society, and expresses his sympathy with low-class people. Some people even connect Chaplin’s films with the left-wing political idea. However, back to the early American film history, from 1914 to 1923, funny or not funny was the primary concern when people watched Chaplin films.
     Unlike most Chaplin studies which focus on Chaplin’s late “mature work” and his’s “tramp” character, this thesis focus on early Chaplin films and his career. Through trade papers and fan magazines to examine the relation between Chaplin and the American film culture.
參考文獻 Source
     1. Chaplin, Charles, My Trip Abroad (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1922).
     2. Whitney, R. M., Red in America (New York: The Beckwith Press, 1914).
     3. Motion Picture Magazine (1914-1923)
     4. Motion Picture News (1914-1923)
     5. Moving Picture World (1914-1923)
     6. New York Clipper (1914-1920)
     7. Photoplay Magazine (1915-1923)
     8. The Film Daily (1918-1923)
     9. Variety (1914-1923)
     
     Book
     1. Allen, Robert C. and Gomery, Douglas, Film History: Theory and Practice (New York: McGrew-Hill, 1993).
     2. Beaver, Frank E., On Film: A History of the Motion Picture (US: McGraw-Hill, 1983).
     3. Bilton, Alan, Silent Film Comedy and American Culture (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
     4. Bowser, Eileen, The Transformation of Cinema: 1907-1915 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994).
     5. Grainge, Paul, with Jancovich, Mark, and Monteith, Sharon, Film Histories: An Introduction and Reader (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University, 2007).
     6. Jarvie, I.C., Movies and Society (New York: Basic Books, 1970).
     7. Kristin Thompson和David Bordwell，廖金鳳 譯，《電影百年發展史》 (台北: 麥格羅•希爾，1998)。
     8. Lucia, Cynthia, with Grundman, Roy, and Simon, Art (eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell History of American Film: Volume I Origin to 1928 (UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
     9. Maland, Charles J., Chaplin and American Culture: The Evolution of a Star Image (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1989).
     10. Mast, Gerald and Kawin, Bruce F., A Short History of the Movies (10th Edition) (US: Pearson & Longman, 2008).
     11. Ross, Steven J., Working-Class Hollywood (New Jersey: Princeton University, 1998).
     12. Schaeper, Thomas J. and Schaeper, Kathleen, Rhodes Scholars, Oxford, and the Creation of an American Elite (New York: Berghahn, 2010).
     13. Sklar, Robert, Movies-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies (New York: Random House, 1994).
     14. Slide, Anthony, Early American Cinema (United States: The Scarecrow Press, 1994).
     15. Smith, Michael Glover, Flickering Empire: How Chicago Invented the U.S. Film Industry (New York: Columbia University Press, 2015).
     16. Stead, Peter, Film and the Working Class (New York: Routledge, 1991).
     17. 彭姝禕 (譯), 電影和歷史(Cinéma et Histoire) (北京:北京大學出版社，2008)。
     
     Article
     1. Bowser, Eileen, ‘Movies and the Stability of the Institution,’ Charlie Keil and Ben Singer (eds.), American Cinema of the 1910s: Themes and Variations (United States: Rutgers University Press, 2009).
     2. Burrows, Jon, ‘Near Broke, but No Tramp: Billie Ritchie, Charlie Chaplin and that Costume’
     3. Karnick, Kristine Brunovska and Jenkins, Henry, ‘Introduction: Funny Stories,’ Kristine Brunovska Karnick and Henry Jenkins (eds.), Classical Hollywood Comedy (New York: Routledge, 1995).
     4. Keil, Charlie, ‘Movies and the Beginning of a New Era,’ Charlie Keil and Ben Singer (eds.), American Cinema of the 1910s: Themes and Variations (United States: Rutgers University Press, 2009).
     5. Maland, Charles J., ‘Chaplin and Silent Film Comedy,’ Cynthia Lucia, Roy Grundman, and Art Simon (eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell History of American Film: Volume I Origin to 1928 (UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
     6. Musser, Charles, ‘Work, Ideology, and Chaplin’s Tramp’
     7. Riblet, Douglas, ‘The Keystone Film Company and the Historiography of Early Slapstick,’ Kristine Brunovska Karnick and Henry Jenkins (eds.), Classical Hollywood Comedy (New York: Routledge, 1995).
     
     Website
     1. Music Hall Guild of Great Britain and America: http://www.themusichallguild.com/
     2. IMBd: http://www.imdb.com/
     3. California Digital Newspaper Collection: http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc
     4. Chronicling America: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
歷史學系
102153021
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102153021
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 周一騰zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Eaton, Josephen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 沈芠隆zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Shen, Wen-Longen_US
dc.creator (作者) Shen, Wen-Longen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102153021en_US
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 歷史學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102153021zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 查理·卓別林 (1889 – 1977) 是一位在美國電影界成名和取得成功的英國喜劇演員。卓別林是以舞台劇演員的身分開他的演藝生涯，並於1914年時轉戰電影圈。卓別林在1923年時成為一位「獨立演員」，在此之前他分別在金石 (Keystone)、艾善聶 (Essanay)、繆區爾 (Mutual) 和第一國家 (First National) 等四家電影旗下工作。
     許多現代的觀眾和學者都認為，卓別林透過扮演一個代表社會底層貧民的「流浪漢」角色，來傳達他對下層階級人民的同情，一些人甚至將卓別林的電影與左翼政治理想作連結。然而回到1914至1923的早期美國電影史，對當時的人來說，他們只在意卓別林的電影是否有趣。
     不同於大多數卓別林的研究，將研究重心聚焦於卓別林晚期成熟的作品和流浪漢角色，本論文的研究重心在放在早期卓別林的電影和生涯。透過專門報紙(trade papers)和粉絲雜誌(fan magazines)來探討卓別林與美國電影文化的關係。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Charles Chaplin (1889 – 1977) was an English comedian who became famous and successful in the American film industry. He began his career as a stage actor with Music Hall, and entered the film industry in 1914. Before Chaplin became an “independent actor” in 1923, he worked with four different film companies: Keystone, Essanay, Mutual, and First National.
     Many modern audiences and scholars believe that Chaplin plays a “tramp” character which represents poor people who struggle in the bottom of society, and expresses his sympathy with low-class people. Some people even connect Chaplin’s films with the left-wing political idea. However, back to the early American film history, from 1914 to 1923, funny or not funny was the primary concern when people watched Chaplin films.
     Unlike most Chaplin studies which focus on Chaplin’s late “mature work” and his’s “tramp” character, this thesis focus on early Chaplin films and his career. Through trade papers and fan magazines to examine the relation between Chaplin and the American film culture.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Introduction 1
     1. The Theory of Film History Research 2
     2. Resources 7
     3. Chapter Summary 8
     Chapter 1 Chaplin and the Film Company 12
     1. Keystone (1914) 12
     2. Essanay (1915) 15
     3. Mutual (1916-1917) 18
     4. First National (1918-1923) 20
     Chapter 2 Chaplin and the American Film Industry 25
     1. Chaplin and the Star System 25
     2. Slapstick 30
     3. Chaplin’s Contract and Salary 32
     4. Imitation of Chaplin 44
     Chapter 3 Chaplin and the American Audience 51
     1. The New English Comedian 51
     2. How Chaplin Created His Trademark 56
     3. Funny or Vulgar 61
     4. The Effort of Change Stage Image 70
     Chapter 4 Chaplin and the American Public 73
     1. Rumors and Gossips 73
     2. Chaplin with First World War 88
     3. The Connection with Socialism 93
     Conclusion 98
     Reference 101		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102153021en_US
dc.title (題名) 早期的卓別林與美國電影文化(1914 – 1923)zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Early Charles Chaplin and American Film Culture (1914 – 1923)en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Source
     1. Chaplin, Charles, My Trip Abroad (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1922).
     2. Whitney, R. M., Red in America (New York: The Beckwith Press, 1914).
     3. Motion Picture Magazine (1914-1923)
     4. Motion Picture News (1914-1923)
     5. Moving Picture World (1914-1923)
     6. New York Clipper (1914-1920)
     7. Photoplay Magazine (1915-1923)
     8. The Film Daily (1918-1923)
     9. Variety (1914-1923)
     
     Book
     1. Allen, Robert C. and Gomery, Douglas, Film History: Theory and Practice (New York: McGrew-Hill, 1993).
     2. Beaver, Frank E., On Film: A History of the Motion Picture (US: McGraw-Hill, 1983).
     3. Bilton, Alan, Silent Film Comedy and American Culture (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
     4. Bowser, Eileen, The Transformation of Cinema: 1907-1915 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994).
     5. Grainge, Paul, with Jancovich, Mark, and Monteith, Sharon, Film Histories: An Introduction and Reader (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University, 2007).
     6. Jarvie, I.C., Movies and Society (New York: Basic Books, 1970).
     7. Kristin Thompson和David Bordwell，廖金鳳 譯，《電影百年發展史》 (台北: 麥格羅•希爾，1998)。
     8. Lucia, Cynthia, with Grundman, Roy, and Simon, Art (eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell History of American Film: Volume I Origin to 1928 (UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
     9. Maland, Charles J., Chaplin and American Culture: The Evolution of a Star Image (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1989).
     10. Mast, Gerald and Kawin, Bruce F., A Short History of the Movies (10th Edition) (US: Pearson & Longman, 2008).
     11. Ross, Steven J., Working-Class Hollywood (New Jersey: Princeton University, 1998).
     12. Schaeper, Thomas J. and Schaeper, Kathleen, Rhodes Scholars, Oxford, and the Creation of an American Elite (New York: Berghahn, 2010).
     13. Sklar, Robert, Movies-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies (New York: Random House, 1994).
     14. Slide, Anthony, Early American Cinema (United States: The Scarecrow Press, 1994).
     15. Smith, Michael Glover, Flickering Empire: How Chicago Invented the U.S. Film Industry (New York: Columbia University Press, 2015).
     16. Stead, Peter, Film and the Working Class (New York: Routledge, 1991).
     17. 彭姝禕 (譯), 電影和歷史(Cinéma et Histoire) (北京:北京大學出版社，2008)。
     
     Article
     1. Bowser, Eileen, ‘Movies and the Stability of the Institution,’ Charlie Keil and Ben Singer (eds.), American Cinema of the 1910s: Themes and Variations (United States: Rutgers University Press, 2009).
     2. Burrows, Jon, ‘Near Broke, but No Tramp: Billie Ritchie, Charlie Chaplin and that Costume’
     3. Karnick, Kristine Brunovska and Jenkins, Henry, ‘Introduction: Funny Stories,’ Kristine Brunovska Karnick and Henry Jenkins (eds.), Classical Hollywood Comedy (New York: Routledge, 1995).
     4. Keil, Charlie, ‘Movies and the Beginning of a New Era,’ Charlie Keil and Ben Singer (eds.), American Cinema of the 1910s: Themes and Variations (United States: Rutgers University Press, 2009).
     5. Maland, Charles J., ‘Chaplin and Silent Film Comedy,’ Cynthia Lucia, Roy Grundman, and Art Simon (eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell History of American Film: Volume I Origin to 1928 (UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
     6. Musser, Charles, ‘Work, Ideology, and Chaplin’s Tramp’
     7. Riblet, Douglas, ‘The Keystone Film Company and the Historiography of Early Slapstick,’ Kristine Brunovska Karnick and Henry Jenkins (eds.), Classical Hollywood Comedy (New York: Routledge, 1995).
     
     Website
     1. Music Hall Guild of Great Britain and America: http://www.themusichallguild.com/
     2. IMBd: http://www.imdb.com/
     3. California Digital Newspaper Collection: http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc
     4. Chronicling America: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.Hist.008.2018.A04-