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題名 探討購買精品名牌包和仿冒名牌包之動機
A study of the motivations of the purchase of genuine luxury bags and of counterfeit luxury bags作者 宮橞霓
Kung, Hui-Ni貢獻者 郭貞
Kuo, Cheng
宮橞霓
Kung, Hui-Ni關鍵詞 奢侈名牌包
仿冒名牌包
購買動機
炫耀性消費
自我滿足
自信心
產品涉入度
Genuine luxury bags
Counterfeit luxury bags
Purchase motivation
Conspicuous consumption
Self-gratification
Self-confidence
Product involvement日期 2018 上傳時間 9-Nov-2018 15:50:00 (UTC+8) 摘要 The purpose of this study was to examine the consumers’ behavior of purchasing genuine and counterfeit luxury bags. Additionally, this study indicated that consumers’ purchase behavior toward luxury bags are affected by purchase motivation—conspicuous consumption and self-gratification, individual difference—self-confidence, moral concern and sociability, and product involvement to examine dependent variable. A total of 202 female respondents completed the survey were collected from social media group which discuss luxury products. Simple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Statistical results suggest that each variable has significant effect on consumers’ purchase behavior, both on genuine and counterfeit luxury bags, especially conspicuous consumption and self-gratification. However, while examined all variables at the same time that self-gratification lost its explanatory value because conspicuous consumption and self-gratification have high correlation coefficient, and therefore cause the conflict effect. 參考文獻 1) 12 Reasons Why Consumers Buy Luxury Goods? 為什麼消費者要買奢侈品的12個原因 - Megan Minmin C. (2018). Retrieved from http://meganminminc.com/filter/奢侈品策略/12-Reasons-Why-Consumers-Buy-Luxury-Goods-122) Advances in Consumer Research, 24 (1997), pp. 235-2413) A. O`cass, H. McEwen Exploring consumer status and conspicuous consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4 (1) (2004), pp. 25-394) Ang, S. H., Cheng, P. S., Lim, A. C. and Tambyah, S. K. (2001) Spot the difference: Consumer responses towards counterfeits. Journal of Consumer Marketing 18(3): 219-2355) Bagwell, L S & Bernheim, B D (1996) Veblen effects in a theory of conspicuous consumption American Economic Review, 86, 3, pp 349-3736) Belk, R., Mayer, R., & Bahn, K. (1982). The eye of the beholder: Individual differences in perceptions of consumption symbolism. Advances in Consumer Research, 9, 523-530.7) Benarrosh - Dahan, E. (1991), LeContexteLexicologique du Luxe.II Revue Francaise du Marketing 132/133 (2-3), 45-548) Bertrandias, L., & Goldsmith, E. (2006). Some psychological motivation for fashion opinion leadership and fashion opinion seeking. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(1), 25-40.9) Bezzaouia, M., & Joanta, A. R. (2016). The Relationships Between Cultural Values and Consumer Motivations for Purchasing Luxury Brands. Ecoforum Journal, 5(1).10) Bloch, P. H., Bush, R. F., & Campbell, L. (1993). Consumer “accomplices” in product Counterfeiting: A demand-side investigation. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 10(4), 27-36.11) Bloch, P. H. (1981). An exploration into the scaling of consumers` involvement with a product class. ACR North American Advances.12) Braun, O. L., & Wicklund, R. A. (1989). Psychological antecedents of conspicuous consumption. Journal of Economic Psychology, 10, 161–187.13) China Counterfeit Report: Do `Factory Extras` Really Exist? (2016, June 17). Retrieved from https://jingdaily.com/china-counterfeit-report-do-factory-extras-really-exist/14) Cordell, V.V., Wongtada, N. and Kieschnick, R. L. (1996) Counterfeit purchase intentions: Role of lawfulness attitudes and product traits as determinants. Journal of Business Research 35: 41-5315) Danziger, P.N., 2005. Let Them Eat Cake: Marketing Luxury to the Masses – As well as the Classes. Dearborn Trading Publishing, New York, USA.16) Dodd, C. A., Clarke, I., Barson, S., & Houston, V. (2000). Looking the part: Identity, meaning and culture in clothing purchasing-theoretical considerations. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 4(1), 41-48.17) Dubois, B. & Laurent, G. (1994), Attitudes toward the concept of luxury: an exploratory analysis. Siew Meng Leong & Joseph A. Cote, asiapacific advances in consumer research (pp. 273 - 278), UT: Association for Consumer Research18) Eisend, M. and Schuchert-Guler, P. (2006) Explaining counterfeit purchases: A review and preview. Academy of Marketing Science review 2006 (12)19) E.R. Spangenberg, K.E. Voss, A.E. CrowleyMeasuring the hedonic and utilitarian dimensions of attitudes: a generally applicable scale20) Ericksen, M K (1996) Using self-congruence and ideal congruence to predict purchase intention: a European perspective Journal of Euro-Marketing, 6, 1, pp 41-5621) Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140.22) Furnham, A. and Valgeirsson, H. (2007) The effect of life values and materialism on buying counterfeit products. The Journal of Socio-Economics 36: 677-58523) Gentry, J. W., Putrevu, S. and Shultz II, C. J. (2006) The effects of counterfeiting on consumer search. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 5(3): 245-256 24) Goldsmith, R. R. (2002). Some personality traits of frequent clothing buyers. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 6(3), 303-316.25) Grossman, G. M., & Shapiro, C. (1988). Foreign counterfeiting of status goods. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 103(1), 79-100.26) Ha, S., & Lennon, S. (2006). Fashion intent for fashion counterfeit products: Ethical ideologies, ethical judgments, and perceived risks. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 297-315.27) International Marketing Review, 27 (1) (2010), pp. 108-12928) Jonathan, G., & Mills, M. K. (1982). Fashion life cycle, self-concept, shopping orientation, and store patronage: An integrative analysis. Journal of Retailing, 58, 64-8729) Kim, Y., Sullivan, P., & Forney, J. C. (2007). Experiential retailing: Concepts and strategies that sell. New York: Fairchild.30) Lee, J. (2009). Understanding College Students` Purchase Behavior of Fashion Counterfeits: Fashion Consciousness, Public Self-Consciousness, Ethical Obligation, Ethical Judgment, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University).31) Lichtenstein, D. R., Ridgway, N. M., & Netemeyer, R. G. (1993, May). Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: A field study. Journal of Marketing Research, 30, 234-45.32) Luxury Institute, 2007. The luxury consumer market: a wealth of opportunity. Available online at 〈http://www.luxuryinstitute.com/pdfs/Luxury_Institute_ The_Luxury_Consumer_Market.pdf〉 (accessed 17.09.07).33) Mano, H., & Elliott, M. T. (1997). Smart shopping: The origins and consequences of price savings. Advances in Consumer Research, 24, 504-510.34) Mason, R S (1998) The Economics of Conspicuous Consumption: Theory and Thought Since 1700 Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar35) Mason, R S (2001) Conspicuous consumption: a literature review European Journal of Marketing, 18, 3, pp 26-39 36) Mellott, D. W. (1983) Fundamentals of Consumer Behaviour. Tulsa: Penn Well Publishing Company, p. 828.37) Nguyen, N. T., & Biderman, M. D. (2008). Studying ethical judgments and behavioral intentions using structural equations: Evidence from the multidimensional ethics scale. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 627-64038) Nill, A., & Schultz II, C. (1996). The scourge of global counterfeiting. Business Horizons, 39(6), 37.39) Nordin, N. (2009). A Study on Consumers` Attitude towards Counterfeit Products in Malaysia. A Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Malaya, Malaysia.40) O’Cass, A. (2001). Consumer self-monitoring, materialism and involvement in fashion clothing. Australian Marketing Journal, 9(1), 46-60.41) Penz, E., & Stottinger, B. (2005). Forget the “real” think-take the copy! An explanatory model for the volitional purchase of counterfeit products. Advances in Consumer Research, 32(1), 568-575.42) hau, I., & Teah, M. (2009). Devil wears (counterfeit) Prada: a study of antecedents and outcomes of attitudes towards counterfeits of luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(1), 15-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/0736376091092701943) Phau, I., Teah, M., & Lee, A. (2009). Targeting buyers of counterfeits of luxury brands: A study on attitudes of Singaporean consumers. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 17(1), 3-15.44) Roux, E., & F1och, M., (1996), Gererl’ingerable: la contradiction interna de toutemaisonde luxe, Decisions Marketing, p.15-2345) Roy Chaudhuri, H., Mazumdar, S., & Ghoshal, A. (2011). Conspicuous consumption orientation: Conceptualisation, scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(4), 216-224.46) Shavitt, S. (1989). Products, personalities and situations in attitude functions: Implications for consumer behavior. Advances in Consumer Research, 16, 300- 305.47) Shukla, 2010 P. Shukla Status consumption in cross-national context: socio-psychological, brand and situational antecedents48) Solomon, M. R. (1985). The psychology of fashion. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.49) Sridhar, G. (2007) Countering Counterfeits, Proceedings of the International Conference on Marketing and Society, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, pp. 737-742, http://dspace. iimk.ac.in/handle/2259/313.50) Summers, J. O. (1970). The identity of women’s clothing fashion opinion leaders. Journal of Marketing Research, 7, 178-18551) Truong, Y, Simmons, G , McColl, R & Kitchen, P J (2008) Status and conspicuousness- are they related? Strategic marketing implications for luxury brands Journal of Strategic Marketing, 16,3, pp189-20352) Truong, Y. (2010). Personal aspirations and the consumption of luxury goods. International Journal of Market Research, 52(5), 655-673.53) Tsai, 2005 S.P. Tsai, Impact of personal orientation on luxury-brand purchase value International Journal of Market Research, 47 (4) (2005), pp. 177-20654) U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of International Trade. (2007). Department of Homeland Security U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement FY 2007 Top IPR Commodities Seized. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from http://www.cbp.gov/linkhandler/cgov/trade/priority_trade/ipr/seizure/trading/07_topirp_seizures.ctt/07_topirp_seizures.pdf55) Veblen, T B (1899) The Theory of the Leisure Class Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin56) Veblen, Thorstein. (1899). The theory of the leisure class: an economic study of institutions. Unwin Books, reprinted, Dover Publications, New York, London, 1994.57) Wang, F., Zhang, H., Zang, H. and Ouyang, M. (2005) Purchasing pirated software: An initial examination of Chinese consumers. Journal of Consumer Marketing 22(6): 340-35158) Wee, C.-H., Tan, S.-J., & Cheok, K.-H. (1995). Non-price determinants of intention to purchase counterfeit goods. International Marketing Review, 12(6), 19.59) Wicklund, R. A., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (1981). Symbolic self-completion, attempted influence, and self-deprecation. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 2, 89-114.60) Yoo, B., & Lee, S. H. (2009). Buy genuine luxury fashion products or counterfeits? ACR North American Advances.中国女性消费者购买奢侈品的原因是什么？. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2018.61) 知乎&公众号：Katy家怡, K. (2014, October 24). 奢侈品是否能够在提高社交圈上有所帮助？ Retrieved May 28, 2018. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
105461007資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105461007 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郭貞 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Kuo, Cheng en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 宮橞霓 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Kung, Hui-Ni en_US dc.creator (作者) 宮橞霓 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kung, Hui-Ni en_US dc.date (日期) 2018 en_US dc.date.accessioned 9-Nov-2018 15:50:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 9-Nov-2018 15:50:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Nov-2018 15:50:00 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105461007 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/120891 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 105461007 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this study was to examine the consumers’ behavior of purchasing genuine and counterfeit luxury bags. Additionally, this study indicated that consumers’ purchase behavior toward luxury bags are affected by purchase motivation—conspicuous consumption and self-gratification, individual difference—self-confidence, moral concern and sociability, and product involvement to examine dependent variable. A total of 202 female respondents completed the survey were collected from social media group which discuss luxury products. Simple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Statistical results suggest that each variable has significant effect on consumers’ purchase behavior, both on genuine and counterfeit luxury bags, especially conspicuous consumption and self-gratification. However, while examined all variables at the same time that self-gratification lost its explanatory value because conspicuous consumption and self-gratification have high correlation coefficient, and therefore cause the conflict effect. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter I Introduction 11.1 Background 11.2 Research Purpose and Significance of the Study 2Chapter II Literature Review 52.1 Motivation 52.1.1 Conspicuous Consumption 52.1.2 Self-Gratification 72.2 Individual difference 92.2.1 Self-Confidence 92.2.2 Moral Concern 112.2.3 Sociability 122.3 Product Involvement 132.4 Demographic Factors 14Chapter III Research Methodology 163.1 Research Framework 163.2 Research Procedure 183.2.1 First Stage: In-depth Interview 183.2.1.1 Selection Criteria of Interviewees 183.2.1.2 Interview Questions and Summarize 203.2.2 Second Stage: Questionnaire Survey 213.2.2.1 Sampling and Questionnaire Design 223.3 Measurement of Research Variables and Reliability Test 23Chapter IV Data Analysis and Results 29Chapter V Conclusion and Suggestions 355.1 Summary and Limitations of Research Results 355.2 Suggestion for Future Research 38References 41Appendix I English Version of the Questionnaire 47Appendix II Chinese Translation of the Questionnaire 54 zh_TW dc.format.extent 4445637 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105461007 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 奢侈名牌包 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 仿冒名牌包 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 購買動機 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 炫耀性消費 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自我滿足 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自信心 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產品涉入度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Genuine luxury bags en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Counterfeit luxury bags en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Purchase motivation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Conspicuous consumption en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Self-gratification en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Self-confidence en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Product involvement en_US dc.title (題名) 探討購買精品名牌包和仿冒名牌包之動機 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A study of the motivations of the purchase of genuine luxury bags and of counterfeit luxury bags en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1) 12 Reasons Why Consumers Buy Luxury Goods? 為什麼消費者要買奢侈品的12個原因 - Megan Minmin C. (2018). Retrieved from http://meganminminc.com/filter/奢侈品策略/12-Reasons-Why-Consumers-Buy-Luxury-Goods-122) Advances in Consumer Research, 24 (1997), pp. 235-2413) A. O`cass, H. McEwen Exploring consumer status and conspicuous consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4 (1) (2004), pp. 25-394) Ang, S. H., Cheng, P. S., Lim, A. C. and Tambyah, S. K. (2001) Spot the difference: Consumer responses towards counterfeits. Journal of Consumer Marketing 18(3): 219-2355) Bagwell, L S & Bernheim, B D (1996) Veblen effects in a theory of conspicuous consumption American Economic Review, 86, 3, pp 349-3736) Belk, R., Mayer, R., & Bahn, K. (1982). The eye of the beholder: Individual differences in perceptions of consumption symbolism. Advances in Consumer Research, 9, 523-530.7) Benarrosh - Dahan, E. (1991), LeContexteLexicologique du Luxe.II Revue Francaise du Marketing 132/133 (2-3), 45-548) Bertrandias, L., & Goldsmith, E. (2006). Some psychological motivation for fashion opinion leadership and fashion opinion seeking. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(1), 25-40.9) Bezzaouia, M., & Joanta, A. R. (2016). The Relationships Between Cultural Values and Consumer Motivations for Purchasing Luxury Brands. Ecoforum Journal, 5(1).10) Bloch, P. H., Bush, R. F., & Campbell, L. (1993). Consumer “accomplices” in product Counterfeiting: A demand-side investigation. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 10(4), 27-36.11) Bloch, P. H. (1981). An exploration into the scaling of consumers` involvement with a product class. ACR North American Advances.12) Braun, O. L., & Wicklund, R. A. (1989). Psychological antecedents of conspicuous consumption. Journal of Economic Psychology, 10, 161–187.13) China Counterfeit Report: Do `Factory Extras` Really Exist? (2016, June 17). Retrieved from https://jingdaily.com/china-counterfeit-report-do-factory-extras-really-exist/14) Cordell, V.V., Wongtada, N. and Kieschnick, R. L. (1996) Counterfeit purchase intentions: Role of lawfulness attitudes and product traits as determinants. Journal of Business Research 35: 41-5315) Danziger, P.N., 2005. Let Them Eat Cake: Marketing Luxury to the Masses – As well as the Classes. Dearborn Trading Publishing, New York, USA.16) Dodd, C. A., Clarke, I., Barson, S., & Houston, V. (2000). Looking the part: Identity, meaning and culture in clothing purchasing-theoretical considerations. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 4(1), 41-48.17) Dubois, B. & Laurent, G. (1994), Attitudes toward the concept of luxury: an exploratory analysis. Siew Meng Leong & Joseph A. Cote, asiapacific advances in consumer research (pp. 273 - 278), UT: Association for Consumer Research18) Eisend, M. and Schuchert-Guler, P. (2006) Explaining counterfeit purchases: A review and preview. Academy of Marketing Science review 2006 (12)19) E.R. Spangenberg, K.E. Voss, A.E. CrowleyMeasuring the hedonic and utilitarian dimensions of attitudes: a generally applicable scale20) Ericksen, M K (1996) Using self-congruence and ideal congruence to predict purchase intention: a European perspective Journal of Euro-Marketing, 6, 1, pp 41-5621) Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140.22) Furnham, A. and Valgeirsson, H. (2007) The effect of life values and materialism on buying counterfeit products. The Journal of Socio-Economics 36: 677-58523) Gentry, J. W., Putrevu, S. and Shultz II, C. J. (2006) The effects of counterfeiting on consumer search. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 5(3): 245-256 24) Goldsmith, R. R. (2002). Some personality traits of frequent clothing buyers. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 6(3), 303-316.25) Grossman, G. M., & Shapiro, C. (1988). Foreign counterfeiting of status goods. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 103(1), 79-100.26) Ha, S., & Lennon, S. (2006). Fashion intent for fashion counterfeit products: Ethical ideologies, ethical judgments, and perceived risks. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 297-315.27) International Marketing Review, 27 (1) (2010), pp. 108-12928) Jonathan, G., & Mills, M. K. (1982). Fashion life cycle, self-concept, shopping orientation, and store patronage: An integrative analysis. Journal of Retailing, 58, 64-8729) Kim, Y., Sullivan, P., & Forney, J. C. (2007). Experiential retailing: Concepts and strategies that sell. New York: Fairchild.30) Lee, J. (2009). Understanding College Students` Purchase Behavior of Fashion Counterfeits: Fashion Consciousness, Public Self-Consciousness, Ethical Obligation, Ethical Judgment, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University).31) Lichtenstein, D. R., Ridgway, N. M., & Netemeyer, R. G. (1993, May). Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: A field study. Journal of Marketing Research, 30, 234-45.32) Luxury Institute, 2007. The luxury consumer market: a wealth of opportunity. Available online at 〈http://www.luxuryinstitute.com/pdfs/Luxury_Institute_ The_Luxury_Consumer_Market.pdf〉 (accessed 17.09.07).33) Mano, H., & Elliott, M. T. (1997). Smart shopping: The origins and consequences of price savings. Advances in Consumer Research, 24, 504-510.34) Mason, R S (1998) The Economics of Conspicuous Consumption: Theory and Thought Since 1700 Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar35) Mason, R S (2001) Conspicuous consumption: a literature review European Journal of Marketing, 18, 3, pp 26-39 36) Mellott, D. W. (1983) Fundamentals of Consumer Behaviour. Tulsa: Penn Well Publishing Company, p. 828.37) Nguyen, N. T., & Biderman, M. D. (2008). Studying ethical judgments and behavioral intentions using structural equations: Evidence from the multidimensional ethics scale. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 627-64038) Nill, A., & Schultz II, C. (1996). The scourge of global counterfeiting. Business Horizons, 39(6), 37.39) Nordin, N. (2009). A Study on Consumers` Attitude towards Counterfeit Products in Malaysia. A Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Malaya, Malaysia.40) O’Cass, A. (2001). Consumer self-monitoring, materialism and involvement in fashion clothing. Australian Marketing Journal, 9(1), 46-60.41) Penz, E., & Stottinger, B. (2005). Forget the “real” think-take the copy! An explanatory model for the volitional purchase of counterfeit products. Advances in Consumer Research, 32(1), 568-575.42) hau, I., & Teah, M. (2009). Devil wears (counterfeit) Prada: a study of antecedents and outcomes of attitudes towards counterfeits of luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(1), 15-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/0736376091092701943) Phau, I., Teah, M., & Lee, A. (2009). Targeting buyers of counterfeits of luxury brands: A study on attitudes of Singaporean consumers. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 17(1), 3-15.44) Roux, E., & F1och, M., (1996), Gererl’ingerable: la contradiction interna de toutemaisonde luxe, Decisions Marketing, p.15-2345) Roy Chaudhuri, H., Mazumdar, S., & Ghoshal, A. (2011). Conspicuous consumption orientation: Conceptualisation, scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(4), 216-224.46) Shavitt, S. (1989). Products, personalities and situations in attitude functions: Implications for consumer behavior. Advances in Consumer Research, 16, 300- 305.47) Shukla, 2010 P. Shukla Status consumption in cross-national context: socio-psychological, brand and situational antecedents48) Solomon, M. R. (1985). The psychology of fashion. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.49) Sridhar, G. (2007) Countering Counterfeits, Proceedings of the International Conference on Marketing and Society, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, pp. 737-742, http://dspace. iimk.ac.in/handle/2259/313.50) Summers, J. O. (1970). The identity of women’s clothing fashion opinion leaders. Journal of Marketing Research, 7, 178-18551) Truong, Y, Simmons, G , McColl, R & Kitchen, P J (2008) Status and conspicuousness- are they related? Strategic marketing implications for luxury brands Journal of Strategic Marketing, 16,3, pp189-20352) Truong, Y. (2010). Personal aspirations and the consumption of luxury goods. International Journal of Market Research, 52(5), 655-673.53) Tsai, 2005 S.P. Tsai, Impact of personal orientation on luxury-brand purchase value International Journal of Market Research, 47 (4) (2005), pp. 177-20654) U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of International Trade. (2007). Department of Homeland Security U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement FY 2007 Top IPR Commodities Seized. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from http://www.cbp.gov/linkhandler/cgov/trade/priority_trade/ipr/seizure/trading/07_topirp_seizures.ctt/07_topirp_seizures.pdf55) Veblen, T B (1899) The Theory of the Leisure Class Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin56) Veblen, Thorstein. (1899). The theory of the leisure class: an economic study of institutions. Unwin Books, reprinted, Dover Publications, New York, London, 1994.57) Wang, F., Zhang, H., Zang, H. and Ouyang, M. (2005) Purchasing pirated software: An initial examination of Chinese consumers. Journal of Consumer Marketing 22(6): 340-35158) Wee, C.-H., Tan, S.-J., & Cheok, K.-H. (1995). Non-price determinants of intention to purchase counterfeit goods. International Marketing Review, 12(6), 19.59) Wicklund, R. A., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (1981). Symbolic self-completion, attempted influence, and self-deprecation. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 2, 89-114.60) Yoo, B., & Lee, S. H. (2009). Buy genuine luxury fashion products or counterfeits? ACR North American Advances.中国女性消费者购买奢侈品的原因是什么？. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2018.61) 知乎&公众号：Katy家怡, K. (2014, October 24). 奢侈品是否能够在提高社交圈上有所帮助？ Retrieved May 28, 2018. zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMICS.017.2018.F05 en_US
