| dc.contributor.advisor | 蔡中民 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Tsai, Chung-Min | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 可宥倪 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Karpijoki, Joni Olavi | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 可宥倪 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Karpijoki, Joni Olavi | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2018 | en_US |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0101265510 | en_US |
| dc.description (描述) | 博士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 亞太研究英語博士學位學程(IDAS) | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 101265510 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | The dissertation proposes a novel and innovative theoretical framework with extensive new empirical data to illustrate how bottom-up endogenous institutional evolution of societies operates and how new startups create new institutions. The research is motivated by theoretical puzzle derived from empirical observations of constant dynamism of market economies challenging the theories of new institutionalism – each year 20-30% of old firms are replaced with new startups. Constant dynamism is a puzzle as New institutionalism (especially Varieties of Capitalism) has construed institutions as ‘Iron Cages’, where rational actors’ optimal strategy within equilibriums is to reproduce the institutions and hence there should be no utility for innovative startups. Fintech startups of Taiwan and Korea provide excellent case study to research how and why new startups are able to restructure the institutions of market economies. The qualitative comparative case study of Taiwan and Korea by data triangulation analyzes extensive new data from interviews of fintech ecosystem stakeholders (startups, VCs, incubators, governmental entities), government documents and industry statistics. The qualitative case study contributes novel findings to illustrate the fintech startups create new institutions to re-organize how economic behavior is coordinated within societies and the startups act as focal points to guide and advice the government in formal regulatory reforms. Case study illustrates also that government is a reactionary entity – formal policies follow informal behavior – but governments can suppress or amplify institutional change by supporting startups. Fintech industry growth of Korea is driven by startups but government is amplifying the growth while in Taiwan the government has blocked innovation. The dissertation contributes new dynamic theory of institutions, with new dynamic structural foundations of institutions, to advance new institutionalism’s understanding how spontaneous and endogenous open-ended institutional evolution is constantly occurring and how startups are predisposed to act as institutional entrepreneurs to create new institutions to restructure and re-organize contemporary market economies. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | List of Figures vi
List of Tables vii
ABSTRACT viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
Abbreviations x
I. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Introduction to the research 1
1.2. Research puzzle and research questions 4
1.3. Framing of the research approach 8
1.4. Conceptualization of the key variables 11
1.5. Significance of the research – theoretical and practical contribution 21
1.6. Structure of the dissertation 27
II. LITERATURE REVIEW 29
2.1. Institutions for efficiency and productivity 29
2.2. Institutional evolution and institutions as equilibrium 33
2.3. Political and social foundations of institutional systems 37
2.4. Path dependency, path trajectories and institutional equilibriums 41
2.5. Institutional heterogeneity, ambiguity and paths to dynamism of institutionalism 45
2.6. Startups as institutional entrepreneurs 51
III. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 53
3.1. Theory of endogenous institutional evolution 53
3.2. Origins of coherence and complementariness of institutional systems 67
3.3. Ambiguity, imperfections and multiplicity of institutional fields 69
3.4. Multiplicity of institutional fields – Ecosystems of institutional entrepreneurship 73
3.5. Synthesizing economic and socio-political dimensions of institutions 78
IV. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 83
4.1. Case study of fintech startups in Taiwan and Korea 83
4.2. Research strategy for empirical research 86
4.3. Research methodology 90
4.4. Research philosophy 94
4.5. Data collection and analysis 96
4.6. Operationalization of the variables 100
4.7. The structure of the empirical case study 102
V. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH – FINTECH STARTUPS OF TAIWAN AND KOREA AS INSTITUTIONAL ENTREPRENEURS 103
5.1. Introduction: Fintech startups of Taiwan and Korea 103
5.2. Fintech industry formation in Korea and Taiwan 105
5.3. Korea: Growth of fintech industry 2012-2018 108
5.4. Taiwan: Regulatory capture of fintech innovation 145
5.5. Frictions of startup-led innovation in Taiwan and Korea 160
5.6. Startups as focal points of institutional change: Coordinators of cooperation 165
5.7. Coalition building and political activism: Taiwan and Korea 171
VI. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH – THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMS IN FINTECH INDUSTRY FORMATION 182
6.1. Taiwan and Korea – Transition from developmental states to startup economies 182
6.2. New political economy of startup-led growth model: Taiwan and Korea 186
6.3. Government approaches to fintech industry formation: Taiwan and Korea 213
6.4. Institutional diversity and international institutions as enablers of fintech startup 231
VII. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 235
7.1. Endogenous institutional evolution and startups as institutional entrepreneurs 235
7.2. Startups as visionaries and focal points of institutional evolution 246
7.3. Escaping from ‘Iron Cages’: Structural foundations of dynamic institutions 253
7.4. Do government ambitions of Taiwan and Korea matter? 261
7.5. Governments and the new political economy of startup-led growth model 266
7.6. Comparison of the governments: Korea and Taiwan 271
7.7. Political economies and international embeddedness 277
VIII. CONCLUDING NOTES AND CONTRIBUTION TO INSTITUTIONALISM AND GOVERNMENT POLICY 279
8.1. Discussion of results and research methods 279
8.2. New institutionalism: Towards dynamic theory of institutions 281
8.3. Policy recommendations 284
8.4. Concluding notes 288
REFERENCES 289
Articles 289
Books and book chapters 298
Interviews 304
Government documents - Taiwan 305
Government documents - Korea 317
Databases and industry statistics 322
Newspaper articles, reports and other documents 323
APPENDIX 332
Appendix A: OECD statistics 2018: New firms drivers of growth 332
Appendix B: Description of the interviewees 333
Appendix C: Example interview template 334 | zh_TW |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101265510 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 內生性制度變革 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 新制度主義 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 制度革新 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 金融科技 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 南韓 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 台灣 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Institutional change | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | New institutionalism | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Institutional entrepreneurship | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Fintech | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Korea | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Taiwan | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 資本主義多樣性的鐵籠?市場經濟的內生性制度演化理論:以台灣與南韓的金融科技新創公司為例 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | The ‘Iron Cage’ of Varieties of Capitalism? Theory of Endogenous Institutional Evolution of Market Economies: Evidence from Fintech Startups in Taiwan and Korea | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | - |
