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題名 獨立國家國協移民移入俄羅斯之研究
A study of Russia’s migration from CIS countries
作者 顏思嘉
Yen, Szu-Chia
貢獻者 魏百谷
顏思嘉
Yen, Szu-Chia
關鍵詞 獨立國家國協
移入移民
俄羅斯移民政策
推拉理論
文化因素
俄羅斯世界
國家財政
勞動結構
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Immigrant
Russia’s migration policy
Push-pull theory
Cultural factor
Russian world
Public finance
Labor structure
日期 2019
上傳時間 1-Jul-2019 11:08:21 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文旨在檢視蘇聯解體後獨立國協移民移入俄羅斯的因果關係，及其對俄羅斯所造成之影響。首先，從歷史足跡探討俄羅斯國家內部與外部的互動，並檢視俄羅斯移民政策的變化，探究讓俄羅斯移民政策改變的原因；再來透過現有資訊，探討俄羅斯是否對獨立國協移民提供優惠方案；然而，蘇聯解體後，原本的境內遷移變成境外遷移，非法移民與黑工問題亦開始浮出檯面。再者，觀察獨立國協移民進入俄羅斯後的流向與從事的職業，運用推拉理論探究獨立國協居民離開母國以及移入俄羅斯之動機。嘗試找出讓獨立國協居民離開母國的原因，以及讓獨立國協居民移入俄羅斯的原因。除了推拉理論之外，本文亦從歷史與文化的關聯性來分析獨立國協移民移入俄羅斯的因素。此外，分析獨立國協移民對俄羅斯社會、國家財政正面及負面的影響，檢視獨立國協移民增
加後對俄羅斯財政收入的變化；獨立國協移民人口對於俄羅斯勞動人口的衝擊與補償性；最後則是回到俄羅斯人民對獨立國協移民的看法，是接納還是排斥。

研究發現，透過俄羅斯移民政策的改變可以得知俄羅斯每一時期重視的面向都不盡相同；獨立國協不僅在政治經濟上與俄羅斯關係密切，同時也是最大的移民來源地。因此，俄羅斯制定專屬於獨立國協移民的優惠政策，讓他們享有特殊待遇。再來深入探討獨立國協移民的因素，除了透過推拉理論探討移民離開母國的原因，也就是獨立國協的推力，以及俄羅斯吸引獨立國協移民的拉力之外，與其他移民系統不一樣的是，獨立國協與俄羅斯之間在歷史、文化的相關性，這也增加了獨立國協居民將俄羅斯作為移民目的地的意願。最後，獨立國協移民對俄羅斯的國家財政、勞動人口結構都造成正面影響與負面衝擊，而民眾對於獨立國協移民的看法普遍是負面的態度。
The purpose of this study is to examine the cause-effect relation of migration from CIS countries (Commonwealth of Independent States, CIS) to Russia after the collapse of Soviet Union and its impact on Russia. First of all, describe Russia`s internal and external interaction through the historical legacy as well as the changes of Russia’s migration policy; whether Russia provides privilege for CIS immigrants; after the collapse of Soviet Union, the problem of illegal immigration worsen even further. Furthermore, demonstrate the distribution and employment type of the CIS immigrants after they entered Russia, and find out why the CIS immigrants leave their homeland and why they move to Russia based on the push-pull theory. In addition to the push-pull theory, this study also analyzes the cultural factor in discussing migration from CIS countries to Russia. Besides, investigate the impacts of the CIS immigration on Russia’s society and public finance; last, discuss the perception of public on CIS immigrants.

It was found that Russia’s migration policy focus on different aspects in each period; CIS countries not only have close relation with Russia in politics and economy, but also formed the largest number of immigrants in Russia. Therefore, Russia has enacted specific policies for CIS immigrants. The reason of CIS immigrants to Russia depends on various factors, and the most important thing is economic factor. They move to Russia for pursuing better living standard and higher salaries. On the other hand, cultural factor is also one of crucial elements. The historical and cultural relevance between CIS countries and Russia has increased the willingness of people from CIS to choose Russia as a destination. Finally, CIS immigrants have had both positive and negative impact on Russia`s public finance and labor structure, and the public`s views on the CIS immigrants are generally negative.
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高佩珊，「國土安全與移民管理：論歐盟移民問題」，王智盛等著，國土安全與移民政策：人權與安全的多元議題探析（台北：獨立作家，2016），頁141-170。
(四) 學位論文
吳怡欣，「俄羅斯跨國移入勞工之研究」，淡江大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文（2008）。
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(五) 會議論文
鄭又平，「全球化與國際移民：國家安全角度的分析」，政府再造與憲政改革系列研討會，台灣法愛公德會、國立台北大學公共行政暨政策學系，2006年2月21日，頁1-17。
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二、 英文文獻
(一) 書籍
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(二) 期刊論文
Bauer, Thomas K., John P. Haisken-DeNew & Christoph M. Schmidt, “International Labour Migration. Economic Growth and Labour Markets: The Current State of Affairs,” RWI Discussion Paper, No. 20 (2005), pp. 111-135.
Bhavna, Davé, “Becoming “Legal” Through “Illegal” Procedures: The Precarious Status of Migrant Workers in Russia”, Russian Analytical Digest, No. 159 (2014), pp. 2-8.
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Andrienko, Y. & S. Guriev, “Understanding Migration in Russia,” CEFIR Policy Paper series, No. 23 (2005)
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(六) 法規
Federal Law No. 115-FZ of July 25, 2002 “On The Legal Position of Foreign Citizens in The Russian Federation”(with the Amendments and Additions of June 30, 2003, August 22, November 2, 2004, July 18, December 29, 2006, January 6, December 1, 4, 2007, May 6, 2008), http://en.kremlin.ru, Accessed Date: Oct. 25, 2018.

三、 俄文文獻
(一) 期刊
Алешковский, И. А., «Роль Международной Миграции в Социально-Экономическом Развитии России,» Лесной Вестник (2013), стр. 95-99.
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Вячеслав, Поставнин Александрович, «Предложение по Институциональной Модернизаций Российской Миграционной Политики,» Миграция и денежные переводы в странах регионы Европы и Центральной Азии, МИРПАЛ, стр. 1-16.
Даташева, К. К. & З.К.Омарова, «Влияние Глобализации на Рынок Интеллектуалиной Иммиграции Насиления,» (2014), стр. 29-32.
Ивахнюк, И. В., “Факторы Формирования Миграционной Системы в Постсоветской Евразии,”Вестник РУДН, серия Экономика, No. 3 (2008), стр. 5-13.
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(二) 研究報告
Аналитический Центр При Провительстве Российской Федерации, «Миграция населения в России: тенденции, проблемы, пути решения», Социальный бюллетень (2018), стр. 1-54.
(三) 網路資料
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
106263002
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106263002
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 魏百谷zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 顏思嘉zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Yen, Szu-Chiaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 顏思嘉zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Yen, Szu-Chiaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2019en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2019 11:08:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Jul-2019 11:08:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2019 11:08:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106263002en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/124238-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 俄羅斯研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106263002zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文旨在檢視蘇聯解體後獨立國協移民移入俄羅斯的因果關係，及其對俄羅斯所造成之影響。首先，從歷史足跡探討俄羅斯國家內部與外部的互動，並檢視俄羅斯移民政策的變化，探究讓俄羅斯移民政策改變的原因；再來透過現有資訊，探討俄羅斯是否對獨立國協移民提供優惠方案；然而，蘇聯解體後，原本的境內遷移變成境外遷移，非法移民與黑工問題亦開始浮出檯面。再者，觀察獨立國協移民進入俄羅斯後的流向與從事的職業，運用推拉理論探究獨立國協居民離開母國以及移入俄羅斯之動機。嘗試找出讓獨立國協居民離開母國的原因，以及讓獨立國協居民移入俄羅斯的原因。除了推拉理論之外，本文亦從歷史與文化的關聯性來分析獨立國協移民移入俄羅斯的因素。此外，分析獨立國協移民對俄羅斯社會、國家財政正面及負面的影響，檢視獨立國協移民增
加後對俄羅斯財政收入的變化；獨立國協移民人口對於俄羅斯勞動人口的衝擊與補償性；最後則是回到俄羅斯人民對獨立國協移民的看法，是接納還是排斥。

研究發現，透過俄羅斯移民政策的改變可以得知俄羅斯每一時期重視的面向都不盡相同；獨立國協不僅在政治經濟上與俄羅斯關係密切，同時也是最大的移民來源地。因此，俄羅斯制定專屬於獨立國協移民的優惠政策，讓他們享有特殊待遇。再來深入探討獨立國協移民的因素，除了透過推拉理論探討移民離開母國的原因，也就是獨立國協的推力，以及俄羅斯吸引獨立國協移民的拉力之外，與其他移民系統不一樣的是，獨立國協與俄羅斯之間在歷史、文化的相關性，這也增加了獨立國協居民將俄羅斯作為移民目的地的意願。最後，獨立國協移民對俄羅斯的國家財政、勞動人口結構都造成正面影響與負面衝擊，而民眾對於獨立國協移民的看法普遍是負面的態度。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this study is to examine the cause-effect relation of migration from CIS countries (Commonwealth of Independent States, CIS) to Russia after the collapse of Soviet Union and its impact on Russia. First of all, describe Russia`s internal and external interaction through the historical legacy as well as the changes of Russia’s migration policy; whether Russia provides privilege for CIS immigrants; after the collapse of Soviet Union, the problem of illegal immigration worsen even further. Furthermore, demonstrate the distribution and employment type of the CIS immigrants after they entered Russia, and find out why the CIS immigrants leave their homeland and why they move to Russia based on the push-pull theory. In addition to the push-pull theory, this study also analyzes the cultural factor in discussing migration from CIS countries to Russia. Besides, investigate the impacts of the CIS immigration on Russia’s society and public finance; last, discuss the perception of public on CIS immigrants.

It was found that Russia’s migration policy focus on different aspects in each period; CIS countries not only have close relation with Russia in politics and economy, but also formed the largest number of immigrants in Russia. Therefore, Russia has enacted specific policies for CIS immigrants. The reason of CIS immigrants to Russia depends on various factors, and the most important thing is economic factor. They move to Russia for pursuing better living standard and higher salaries. On the other hand, cultural factor is also one of crucial elements. The historical and cultural relevance between CIS countries and Russia has increased the willingness of people from CIS to choose Russia as a destination. Finally, CIS immigrants have had both positive and negative impact on Russia`s public finance and labor structure, and the public`s views on the CIS immigrants are generally negative.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 文獻述評 5
第三節 研究方法與途徑 12
第四節 研究範圍與限制 15
第五節 研究架構與章節安排 18
第貳章 俄羅斯移入移民的源流 20
第一節 俄羅斯移民之歷史沿革 20
第二節 俄羅斯針對獨立國協的移民政策 28
第三節 非法移民的情形 39
第四節 小結 44
第參章 獨立國協移入移民之因素分析 45
第一節 獨立國協移民的區域分布與就業類型 45
第二節 獨立國協移民的經濟因素 51
第三節 獨立國協移民的文化因素 60
第四節 小結 67
第肆章 獨立國協移民對俄羅斯的影響 68
第一節 對國家財政的影響 68
第二節 對勞動人口結構的影響 75
第三節 民眾對獨立國協移民之看法 84
第四節 小結 91
第伍章 結論 92
第一節 研究成果 92
第二節 後續研究建議 96
參考文獻 97		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2269148 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106263002en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 獨立國家國協zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移入移民zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯移民政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 推拉理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化因素zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯世界zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國家財政zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 勞動結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Immigranten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russia’s migration policyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Push-pull theoryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cultural factoren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russian worlden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Public financeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Labor structureen_US
dc.title (題名) 獨立國家國協移民移入俄羅斯之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A study of Russia’s migration from CIS countriesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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Sagynbekova, Lira, “International Labour Migration in the Context of the Eurasian Economic Union: Issues and Challenges of Kyrgyz Migrants in Russia,” University of Central Asia, Institute of Public Policy and Administration, No. 39 (2017), pp. 1-31.
Smits, Yolanda, “Culture in EU External Relations- Russia Country Report,” European Commission (2014), pp. 3-19.
Tishkov, Valery, Zhanna Zayinchkovskaya & Galina Vitkovskaya, “Migration in the countries of the former soviet countries,” GCIM, www.gcim.org (2005), p. 22.
Virkkunen, J., “Economic Aspects of Migration from Central Asia in Russia,” RUDN Journal of Economics, Vol. 25, No. 1 (2017), pp. 102-111.
Zaionchkovskaya, Zhanna, Nikita Mkrtchian & Elena Tyuryukanova, “Russia`s immigration challenges,” National Research University Higher School of Economics Publication, pp. 223-225.
(三) 學位論文
Kim, Timur, “Changes of Russia’s Migration Policies and Human Rights of Labor Migrants,” Master’s thesis, Asia Pacific Studies, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University (2016), pp. 1-95.
Myhre, Marthe Handå, “Labour Migration from Central Asia to Russia,” Master’s thesis, European and American Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oslo (2012), https://www.duo.uio.no/, Accessed Date: Oct 18, 2018.
Potter, Elizabeth Anne, “Migration Patterns to Russia from Central Asia and the Baltics since Independence,” Master’s thesis, Center for Slavic, Eurasian and East European Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, (2011), Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent/uuid:25661a8b-bd22-4f62-a68c-2979365e3d77, Accessed Date: Oct 25, 2018
(四) 研究報告
Andrienko, Y. & S. Guriev, “Understanding Migration in Russia,” CEFIR Policy Paper series, No. 23 (2005)
Dimitrova, Antoaneta, Matthew Frear, Honorata Mazepus, Dimiter Toshkov, Maxim Boroda, Tatsiana Chulitskaya, Oleg Grytsenko, Igor Munteanu, Tatiana Parvan, Ina Ramasheuskaya, “The Elements of Russia’s Soft Power: Channels, Tools, and Actors Promoting Russian Influence in the Eastern Partnership Countries,” EU-STRAT, The EU and Eastern Partnership Countries - An Inside-Out Analysis and Strategic Assessment, No. 4 (2017), pp. 1-47.
Iontsev, Vladimir & Irina Ivakhnyuk, “Role of International Labour Migration in Russian Economic Development,” CARIM-East Research Report, 2012, pp. 1-40.
OECD, “International Migration Outlook,” http://www.npdata.be/BuG/165-NV-A-migratie/0ECD-Migration-Outlook-2012.pdf (2012), pp. 266-267, Accessed Date: Oct 30, 2018.
OECD, “International Migration Outlook Report 2017,” http://medienservicestelle.at/migration_bewegt/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/International_Migration_Outlook_2017.pdf (2017), pp. 54, Accessed Date: Jan 05, 2019.
Ryazantsev, Sergey, “Trafficking in Human Beings for Labour Exploitation and Irregular Labour Migration in the Russian Federation: Forms, Trends and Countermeasures,” http://www.cbss.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/russian_eng_REPORT_PDF.pdf (2014), pp. 1-87, Accessed Date: Oct 17, 2018.
Ryazantsev, Sergey & Oleg Korneev, “Russia and Kazakhstan in Eurasian Migration System: Development Trends, Socio-Economic Consequences of Migration and Approaches to Regulation,” http://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/29930 (2013), pp. 1-48, Accessed Date: Oct 18, 2018.
Irina Sinitsina, “Economic Cooperation between Russia and Central Asian Countries: Trends and Outlook,” University of Central Asia, Working Paper No. 5 (2012), pp. 1-88.
Tyuryukanova, Elena, “Forced Labour in the Russian Federation Today: Irregular Migration and Trafficking in Human Beings,” International Labour Office, (2005), pp.1-156.
(五) 網路資料
Alekseyevna, Anna, “Russia’s War on Foreigners,” Foreign Policy, https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/09/05/russias-war-on-foreigners/ (2013), Accessed Date: Apr. 09, 2019.
Avilov, Alexander, “Foreigners in Russia Are Panicking over New Migration Rules,” The Moscow Times, https://themoscowtimes.com/news/foreigners-in-russia-are-panicking-over-new-migration-rules-62130 (2018), Accessed Date: Dec. 30, 2018.
Bohlen, C., “Letter from Russia: A Boom that Depends on Migrant,” The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/23/world/europe/23iht-letter.1.8012208.html (2007), Accessed Date: Oct. 16, 2018.
Choudinovskikh, Olga & Mikhail Denissenko, “Russia: A Migration System with Soviet Roots,” Migration Policy Institute, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/russia-migration-system-soviet-roots (2017), Accessed Date: Dec 19, 2018.
Dresen, Joseph, “Immigration, Emigration, and Empire: Population Politics in Imperial and Revolutionary Russia,” Kennan Institute, https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/immigration-emigration-and-empire-population-politics-imperial-and-revolutionary-russia (2011), Accessed Date: Dec. 19, 2018.
Expatica, “A guide to getting a Russian work permit,” https://www.expatica.com/ru/employment/employment-law/a-guide-to-getting-a-russian-work-permit-104101/ (2018), Accessed Date: Jan. 11, 2019.
Kislov, Daniil & Ernest Zhanaev, “Russia: Xenophobia and vulnerability of migrants from Central Asia,” The Foreign Policy Centre, https://fpc.org.uk/ (2017), Accessed Date: Apr. 09, 2019.
Leonid, Ragozin, “Russia Wants Immigrants the World Doesn’t,” Bloomberg, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2017-03-14/russia-s-alternative-universe-immigrants-welcome (2017), Accessed Date: Oct. 16, 2018.
Makeev, Sergei, Ekaterina Matveeva & Oksana Golubeva, “New Version of the National Vision of State Immigration Policy for 2019–2025,” https://www.ey.com/ru/en/services/tax/ey-novaya-redaktsiya-natsionalnoy-kontseptsii-gosudarstvennoi-migratsionnoi-politiki-na-2019-2025-gody (2018), Accessed Date: Nov. 26, 2018.
Matusevich, Yan, “Russia, Xenophobia and Profiting from Migration Controls,” https://www.newsdeeply.com/refugees/community/2017/08/03/russia-xenophobia-and-profiting-from-migration-controls (2017), Accessed Date: Apr. 09, 2019.
Muller, Nicholas, “Russia: New migrant registration rules threaten tenuous livelihoods,” eurasianet, Retrieved from https://eurasianet.org/russia-new-migrant-registration-rules-threaten-tenuous-livelihoods (2018), Accessed Date: Apr. 03, 2019.
Rapoza, Kenneth, “Russia to Crack Down on Illegal Immigrants,” Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2013/04/04/russia-to-crack-down-on-illegal-immigrants/#2b8e7aed1eee (2013), Accessed Date: Oct. 31, 2018.
Ryazantsev, Sergey,” Labour Migration from Central Asia to Russia in the Context of the Economic Crisis,” Russia in Global Affairs, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/valday/Labour-Migration-from-Central-Asia-to-Russia-in-the-Context-of-the-Economic-Crisis-18334 (31 Aug., 2016), Accessed Date: Oct. 16, 2018.
Tapinos, Georges, “Illegal immigrants and the labour market,” OECD Observer, http://oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/190/Illegal_immigrants_and_the_labour_market.html, Accessed Date: Oct 26, 2018.
Trenin, Dmitri, “Russia’s Relations with the CIS Countries: Outlook for 2020,” Carnegie Moscow Center, Russian International Affairs Council, https://carnegie.ru/2013/03/28/russia-s-relations-with-cis-countries-outlook-for-2020-pub-51395 (2013), Accessed Date: Mar. 03, 2019.
Timkiv, Vitaliy, “New citizenship shortcut for Russian-speakers of Soviet, Imperial ancestry,” RIA Novosti, Retrieved from https://www.rt.com/russia/russian-citizenship-ancestors-language-764/ (2014), Accessed Date: Nov. 26, 2018.
Yakimov, Andrey, “European and Russian migration policy in perspective,” DOC Research Institute, https://doc-research.org/2018/03/60926/ (2018), Accessed Date: Dec 16, 2018.
(六) 法規
Federal Law No. 115-FZ of July 25, 2002 “On The Legal Position of Foreign Citizens in The Russian Federation”(with the Amendments and Additions of June 30, 2003, August 22, November 2, 2004, July 18, December 29, 2006, January 6, December 1, 4, 2007, May 6, 2008), http://en.kremlin.ru, Accessed Date: Oct. 25, 2018.

三、 俄文文獻
(一) 期刊
Алешковский, И. А., «Роль Международной Миграции в Социально-Экономическом Развитии России,» Лесной Вестник (2013), стр. 95-99.
Быстряков, А. Я., «Положение Высококвалифицированной Иммиграции на Рынке Труда в России,» УДК, Vol. 331.5, No. 470 (2017), стр. 201-217.
Вячеслав, Поставнин Александрович, «Предложение по Институциональной Модернизаций Российской Миграционной Политики,» Миграция и денежные переводы в странах регионы Европы и Центральной Азии, МИРПАЛ, стр. 1-16.
Даташева, К. К. & З.К.Омарова, «Влияние Глобализации на Рынок Интеллектуалиной Иммиграции Насиления,» (2014), стр. 29-32.
Ивахнюк, И. В., “Факторы Формирования Миграционной Системы в Постсоветской Евразии,”Вестник РУДН, серия Экономика, No. 3 (2008), стр. 5-13.
Кумсков, Геннадий, «Взгляд из стран происхождения мигрантов: тенденции развития процессов трудовой миграции в Кыргызстане,» Трудовая Миграция, Международная миграция населения: Россия и современный мир Выпуск 14 (2005), стр. 105-111.
Магомедова, А., “Некоторые аспекты влияния внешней миграции на экономическую ситуацию (рынок труда) в России, Международная миграция населения в России, Центр по изучению проблем народонаселения МГУ (1998), стр.65-72.
Опора Дружбы, «Проект Концепции государственной миграционной политики Российской Федерации на период до 2025 г.,» стр. 1-8.
Рязанцев, Сергей, «Иммигранты на Российском Рынке Труда: Подходы и Практики Регулирования на Федеральном и Региомном Уровнях 1,» Трудовая Миграция, Международная миграция населения: Россия и современный мир Выпуск 14 (2005), стр. 1-120.
Смирных, Л.И., Е.Ю Полякова, «Дифференциация трудовых доходов между внешними иммигрантами и местными работниками на российском рынке труда,» Уровень жизни населения регионов россии, No. 3 (197) (2015), стр. 65-74.
Трофимова, Т. И., «Глобалиационные Проблемы Современной Миграции. Известия ИГЭА,» Vol. 1, No.69 (2010), стр. 10-14.
Фахрутдинова, Елена Валерьевна, «Рынок труда в России и динамика его потребностей,» Экономическая теория, Казанский (Поволжский) федеральный университет (2014), стр. 43-46.
(二) 研究報告
Аналитический Центр При Провительстве Российской Федерации, «Миграция населения в России: тенденции, проблемы, пути решения», Социальный бюллетень (2018), стр. 1-54.
(三) 網路資料
FINMARKET.RU, «Для экономики полезны любые мигранты,» https://www.interfax.ru/business/227345 (2012), Accessed Date: Dec. 30, 2018.
NEWSru.com, «Путин подписал новую Концепцию государственной миграционной политики до 2025 года,» http://www.kurier.lt/putin-podpisal-novuyu-koncepciyu-gosudarstvennoj-migracionnoj-politiki-do-2025-goda/ (2018), Accessed Date: Jan. 01, 2019.
LENTA.RU, «В России повысят пенсионный возраст,»Retrieved from https://lenta.ru/brief/2018/06/14/pensions_up/ (2018), Accessed Date: Apr. 03, 2019.
Migrant Media.RU, «Упразднение и ликвидация ФМС России - последние новости 2016 года: присоединение ФМС к МВД, передача функций ГУВМ МВД,» https://migrantmedia.ru/uprazdnenie-likvidatsiya-fms-rossii-poslednie-novosti-2016-goda-prisoedinenie-fms-k-mvd-peredacha-funktsiy-guvm-mvd?fbclid=IwAR1xA91hGwaqCSfQVtW0g7OhXMpT30tccj5ytQtgxxNKJZ2MHYWgyiVYGD4, Accessed Date: May 31, 2019.
Studexpo, Институциональное развитие миграционных структур, https://studexpo.ru/1185310/istoriya/institutsionalnoe_razvitie_migratsionnyh_struktur?fbclid=IwAR18MLlce8WV4SSyg2Y4iTmSov8kO9655dyjg7cOmxjUz63Q4xY2sDGOC24, Accessed Date: May 31, 2019.
РИА Новости, «Российские эксперты оценили перспективы трудовой миграции из стран СНГ,» Retrieved from https://ria.ru/20180126/1513370628.html (26 Jan., 2018), Accessed Date: Mar. 10, 2019.
Рябенко, Вадим, «Развитие миграционного законодательства и миграционной системы в России,» https://magref.ru/razvitie-migratsionnogo-zakonodatelstva-i-migratsionnoy-sistemyi-v-rossii/?fbclid=IwAR2S0PRW2rRGaUu2AffAd6estM9bHcj8PHOG4YmAZgd-IKBTe-agGjBDkP0 (2014), MAGREF, Accessed Date: May 31, 2019.
Рочева, Анна, «Однобокий неолиберализм: медицина не для всех,» openDemocracy, https://www.opendemocracy.net/ru/odnobokii-neoliberalizm-meditsina-ne-dla-vsex/ (2017), Accessed Date: Apr. 03, 2019.
ТАСС, «МВД: иммиграция в Россию оказывает положительное влияние на демографию,» Retrieved from https://tass.ru/obschestvo/4372526 (2017), Accessed Date: Mar. 10, 2019.		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.RUSSIA.003.2019.A06en_US