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題名 論智慧財產權保護於快時尚產業運用之困難:從主要快時尚品牌之法院判決實証分析出發
Dilemma of Protecting Fashion Industry with Intellectual Property and Fast Fashion Related Copyright Infringements作者 黃詩庭
Huang, Shih-Ting貢獻者 鄭菀瓊
Cheng, Wan-Chiung
黃詩庭
Huang, Shih-Ting關鍵詞 快時尚
時尚產業
時尚設計
抄襲
仿冒
原創性
反覆流行性
盜版悖論日期 2019 上傳時間 1-Jul-2019 11:10:49 (UTC+8) 摘要 各國對於時尚設計產業是否能受到智慧財產權的保護所採之態度不盡相同,各國法規範亦有所不同,由於專利法要求作品需符合新穎性、進步性及產業利用性始能獲能專利保護,要件上較為嚴格,且申請步驟繁複且冗長,又商標法所能保護的範圍僅限於商標本身,並不擴張保護至整個作品,若時尚設計產業作品欲尋求專利權或商標權之保護,恐嫌不足,然各國對於是否能以著作權法保護時尚設計多數傾向不予保護,唯恐因此而限制時尚產業之發展,或是尚未有明確的法規範。而近來快時尚產業抄襲各時尚品牌及設計師的作品案件頻傳,導致快時尚品牌可以肆意抄襲他人作品,卻不用受到任何懲戒的亂象。究竟是否該用法律規範限制之,及又該如何規範才不致影響整體產業經濟發展是本文亟欲探求之目標。本文著重在探討外國立法規範,分析其可供借鏡及其規範不明確或未臻完善之處,結合學者及實務界的看法並給予建議。同時也藉由分析於美國快時尚品牌為被告的智慧財產權訴訟情形,並主要以涉及抄襲等著作權相關案件為主,探討法院對於時尚設計及抄襲議題之見解。
Amongst all of the countries around the world, there are different regulations in regards to protecting the fashion design industry with intellectual property. Due to strict criteria of acquiring protections from patent law and lack of comprehensive protection from trademark law, businesses seek the protection of copyright law instead. Nonetheless, in many countries designs are not copyrightable, as too many restrictions could potentially lead to the decline of the fashion industry. In recent years, many fast fashion brands have been copying the products and designs of other designers without punishment. The main goals of this thesis are to investigate whether they should be restricted by laws and regulations, whilst simultaneously not affecting the overall economic development in the fashion industry. This thesis will use foreign legislations to analyze the pros and cons, in order to give practical suggestions as to what could be done to solve this problem. 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國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
105364217資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105364217 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 鄭菀瓊 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Cheng, Wan-Chiung en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃詩庭 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Shih-Ting en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃詩庭 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Shih-Ting en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2019 11:10:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Jul-2019 11:10:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2019 11:10:49 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105364217 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/124250 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 科技管理與智慧財產研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 105364217 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 各國對於時尚設計產業是否能受到智慧財產權的保護所採之態度不盡相同,各國法規範亦有所不同,由於專利法要求作品需符合新穎性、進步性及產業利用性始能獲能專利保護,要件上較為嚴格,且申請步驟繁複且冗長,又商標法所能保護的範圍僅限於商標本身,並不擴張保護至整個作品,若時尚設計產業作品欲尋求專利權或商標權之保護,恐嫌不足,然各國對於是否能以著作權法保護時尚設計多數傾向不予保護,唯恐因此而限制時尚產業之發展,或是尚未有明確的法規範。而近來快時尚產業抄襲各時尚品牌及設計師的作品案件頻傳,導致快時尚品牌可以肆意抄襲他人作品,卻不用受到任何懲戒的亂象。究竟是否該用法律規範限制之,及又該如何規範才不致影響整體產業經濟發展是本文亟欲探求之目標。本文著重在探討外國立法規範,分析其可供借鏡及其規範不明確或未臻完善之處,結合學者及實務界的看法並給予建議。同時也藉由分析於美國快時尚品牌為被告的智慧財產權訴訟情形,並主要以涉及抄襲等著作權相關案件為主,探討法院對於時尚設計及抄襲議題之見解。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Amongst all of the countries around the world, there are different regulations in regards to protecting the fashion design industry with intellectual property. Due to strict criteria of acquiring protections from patent law and lack of comprehensive protection from trademark law, businesses seek the protection of copyright law instead. Nonetheless, in many countries designs are not copyrightable, as too many restrictions could potentially lead to the decline of the fashion industry. In recent years, many fast fashion brands have been copying the products and designs of other designers without punishment. The main goals of this thesis are to investigate whether they should be restricted by laws and regulations, whilst simultaneously not affecting the overall economic development in the fashion industry. This thesis will use foreign legislations to analyze the pros and cons, in order to give practical suggestions as to what could be done to solve this problem. Through the analysis of copyright-related cases involving plagiarism, in which the fast fashion brands are the defendants, this thesis will also consider the views from judges. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機 1第二節 研究方法 3第一項 文獻探討 3第二項 判決分析 4第三節 研究限制 4第四節 研究架構 4第二章、時尚產業概況 7第一節 時尚產業結構及特性 7第一項 時尚產業結構 7第一款 時尚產業設計週期 7第二款 市場定位 10第三款 服裝產業鍊運作模式 11第二項 時尚產業特性 12第一款 真實性 13第二款 反覆流行性 14第二節 快時尚品牌之崛起及其造成之影響 16第一項 時尚產業現況 16第二項 快時尚產業崛起 17第一款 快時尚品牌崛起 17第三款 快時尚品牌契機 18第四款 消費模式改變對時尚產業之影響 19一、 行銷方式改變 19二、 跨國消費便利 20三、綠色時尚意識崛起 20第三節 時尚產業困境及隱憂 22第一項 快時尚品牌對整體時尚產業所造成之影響 22第二項 從經濟層面角度觀察快時尚品牌所造成之影響 23第一款 創新壟斷理論 23第二款 盜版悖論 25一、誘導性過時(Induced Obsolescence) 25二、錨定效應(Anchoring) 27第三章 時尚產業的立法保護 29第一節 著作權 29第一項 國際公約 30第一款 TRIPS協議 30第二款 伯恩公約 31第二項 台灣 32第一款 時尚設計適格性 32第二款 著作權要件 35一、獨立創作 35二、原創性 35第三項 美國 36第一款 時尚設計適格性 36一、物理上可分離性 38二、概念上可分離性(conceptual separability) 38第二款 原創性 40第二節 其他規範 41第一項 特殊立法 41第一款 反設計盜版法案(The Design Piracy Prohibition Act,下稱DPPA) 42第二款 創新設計保護與防盜版法案(The Innovative Design Protection and Piracy Prevention Act,下稱IDPPPA) 43第三款 創新設計保護法案(Innovative Design Protection Act,下稱IDPA) 44第四款 歐洲共同體設計保護指令 45第二項 商標法 49第一款 台灣 49第二款 美國 51第三項 專利法 53第一款 台灣 53第二款 美國 53第四章 快時尚涉訟判決分析 55第一節 快時尚品牌涉訟類別分析 55第一項 快時尚品牌全球銷售概況 55第二項 案件類別統計 57第一款 H&M 60第二款 Limited Brands/ Victoria Secrets/ Bath and Body Works 61第三款 Gap 62第四款 Forever 21 63第五款 近年快時尚品牌涉訟案件量統計 64第六款 小結 66第二節 美國判決 66第一項 Moyna LLC v. Victoria`s Secret Direct New York, LLC 67第一款 案件事實 67第二款 法院分析 68第三款 本文見解 71第二項 Fooey Inc. v. Gap, Inc. 72第一款 案件事實 72第二款 法院分析 72第三款 本文見解 77第三項 Malibu Textiles Inc. v. H&M Hennes & Mauritz LP 78第一款 本案事實 78第二款 法院分析 78第三款 本文見解 82第四項 Unicolors, Inc. v. H & M Hennes & Mauritz, L.P. 82第一款 案件事實 82第二款 法院分析 83第三款 本文見解 88第五項 Gold Value International Textile, Inc. v. Forever 21, Inc. 89第一款 案件事實 89第二款 法院分析 90第三款 本文見解 93第六項 小結 94第三節 台灣判決 96第一項 台灣快時尚品牌概況 96第二項 約拿國際公司訴主富服裝股份有限公司案 98第一款 案件事實 98第二款 法院分析 98第三款 本文見解 99第五章 結論 101第一節 時尚產業欲用智慧財產權保護的難處 101第一項 產業特性與經濟層面 101第二節 法律層面 102第一項 品牌或設計師涉訟注意事宜 102第一款 自然環境生長之物 103第二款 圖案或排列順序大致相似 103第二項 現行法之困境 105第一款 台灣 105第二款 美國 109第三項 修法建議 110第一款 將時尚設計納入建築著作規範 110第二款 參考歐盟設計規則立法 112第三款 統一審查要件與判斷標準 114一、原創性 114二、實質相似性 114第四款 申請設計專利保護的可能性及實益 115第四項 結語 116參考文獻 117 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3610165 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105364217 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 快時尚 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 時尚產業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 時尚設計 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 抄襲 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 仿冒 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 原創性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 反覆流行性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 盜版悖論 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 論智慧財產權保護於快時尚產業運用之困難:從主要快時尚品牌之法院判決實証分析出發 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Dilemma of Protecting Fashion Industry with Intellectual Property and Fast Fashion Related Copyright Infringements en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ㄧ、中文文獻(一) 書籍楊智傑(2016),《智慧財產權法》,二版,臺北:新學林。蕭雄琳(2010),《著作權法論》,七版,臺北:五南圖書。謝銘洋(2018),《智慧財產權法》,八版,臺北:元照。羅明通(2009),著作權法論I,七版,臺北:三民。(二) 期刊論文林利芝(2009),〈著作權決戰伸展台(上)〉,《台灣法學雜誌》,第129期。徐志宏、賴建榮、鄒伯衡(2014),〈臺灣流行時尚產業供應鏈及物流發展現況〉,《現代物流·物流技術與戰略》,第70期。徐銘夆(2011),〈歐盟共同體設計保護制度制定脈絡之探討介紹〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,第151 期。徐銘夆、張玉玫(2011),〈國際工業設計保護制度之調和介紹〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,第150期。(三) 研究計畫文化部(2009),《文化創意產業發展計畫》,載於http://nrch.culture.tw/twpedia.aspx?id=2483。(四) 博碩士學位論文(五) 司法判決與行政函釋智慧財產法院民事判決106年度民著訴字第68號。智慧財產法院民事判決101年度民著上字第7號。經濟部智慧財產局民國96年4月20日電子郵件字第960420b號。最高法院85年台上字第2621號刑事判決。最高行政法院 99 年度判字第681號判決。臺灣高等法院刑事判決85年度上易字第5903號。臺灣高等法院刑事判決92年度上訴字第3010號。臺灣高等法院93 年度上訴字第 3298 號刑事判決。臺灣臺北地方法院民事判決83年度重訴字第536號臺灣臺北地方法院刑事判決98年度訴字第1536號。臺灣臺北地方法院民事判決99年度智字第11號。(六) 網際網路東方線上,《快時尚觸角延伸運動服飾,是機會還是威脅?》, 2016年10月19日,https://www.smartm.com.tw/article/32373135cea3 (最後瀏覽日:02/19/2019)。李威霆,《快時尚的社會動力考察,巷仔口社會學》,2016年10月18日。https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20180720001661-260410(最後瀏覽日:2018/10/06)。汪宜青,《D&G品牌「辱華」 章子怡等中國明星集體抵制》,2018年11月21日,https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-46293409(最後瀏覽日:01/28/2019)。陳素玲,《策略行銷/依洛國際…本土快時尚 堅持不二價》,2018年5月17日,https://udn.com/news/story/7241/3146260 (最後瀏覽日:02/19/2019)。商業週刊,《FOREVER 21信義店掰了》快時尚市場兩樣情!台灣人獨鍾日系,這些品牌「不上不下」吞苦果》,2018年9月25日,https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/article.aspx?id=36449&type=Indep(最後瀏覽日:02/26/2019)。經濟部智慧財產局,《與貿易有關之智慧財產權協定(Agreement onTrade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, TRIPS)》,https://www.tipo.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=207100&ctNode=6780&mp=1 (最後瀏覽日:02/15/2019)。匯流新聞網,【快時尚背後3】朝著「永續共存」加速!快時尚如何絕地反攻?,2018年10月6日,https://cnews.com.tw/cnews-fast-fashion-03/ (最後瀏覽日:2019/04/05)。蔡茹涵,《台灣快時尚王 不打折卻營收連增21年》, 2018年3月22日,https://money.udn.com/money/story/11150/3046414 (最後瀏覽日:02/19/2019)。瘋時尚,《循環經濟夯Patagonia和The North Face推出服裝修補和回收再利用》,https://ifashiontrend.com/category/good-for-fashion/eco-chic/(最後瀏覽日:2018/10/08)。瘋時尚,《Hugo Boss推出首款以鳳梨葉製成的全素新款男鞋》,2018年4月8日,https://ifashiontrend.com/hugo-boss-launched-a-sustainable-men-shoe/(最後瀏覽日:10/08/2018)。蘋果日報,《【有片】盜用LANVIN手繪圖製衣 台服飾公司iROO挨告》,2018年6月20日,https://tw.appledaily.com/new/realtime/20180620/1376409/ (最後瀏覽日:02/22/2019)。蘋果日報,法國女人鍾情它!波卡圓點是關鍵,2019年3月29日,https://tw.appledaily.com/new/realtime/20190329/1541671/(最後瀏覽日:04/05/2019)。LYNN,《掌握人心的公式—時尚產業鏈如何製造出你的需求?》,2017年4月20日,https://buzzorange.com/techorange/2017/04/12/what-is-fashion/(最後瀏覽日:10/08/2018)。LADYMAX,《關店不斷,官司纏身,Forever 21的快時尚困境》,2018年1月15日,https://www.beautimode.com/article/content/84371/ (最後瀏覽日:01/11/2019)。Leslie Shih,《地表最強時尚糾察隊!任何抄襲都逃不過這個「IG時裝精」》,https://www.vogue.com.tw/fashion/fashionnews/content-40542.html(最後瀏覽日:10/07/2018)。Jenny,《絲絨已經流行2000年,今年再掀低調奢華復古風》,2017年12月22日,https://ifashiontrend.com/velvet-fashion-looks-01/(最後瀏覽日:10/05/2018)。KORA HSIEH、VIVI SU,《必須支持!真正的「台北時裝週」來了,8位台灣設計師4場主題秀外加靜態展 ,台灣時尚最大活動全解惑》,2018年11月30日,https://www.elle.com/tw/fashion/flash/a25354373/taipei-fashion-week-ss2019/ (最後瀏覽日:02/22/2019)。二、外文文獻(一)BooksAkhil J K (2016). 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