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題名 論減少毀林和森林退化計畫符合國際航空碳抵消和減排機制的可能——以自願性市場的經認證碳標準方案為例
The Possibility of Consistence of REDD+ with CORSIA: Especially on Verified Carbon Standard in Voluntary Carbon Market作者 林孝哲
Lin, Hsiao-Che貢獻者 施文真
Shih, Wen-Chen
林孝哲
Lin, Hsiao-Che關鍵詞 國際民用航空組織
國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制
聯合國氣候變遷框架公約
減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放
經認證碳標準方案
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)
United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+)
Verified Carbon Standard (VCS)日期 2019 上傳時間 7-Aug-2019 15:50:49 (UTC+8) 摘要 自1992年通過的聯合國氣候變遷框架公約以降，不論是京都議定書或是巴黎協定，均未對國際航空產業的碳排放納入管制，直至2016年各國於國際民用航空組織中通過「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」，該機制始成為第一個對國際上單一部門別進行碳排放管制的市場機制。僅管如此，整個國際航空產業所產生的碳排放據估計仍會持續上升，因此「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」將導致減量單位的需求會不斷增加。鑑此，有不少文獻開始討論，源於「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型之減量計畫所產的減量單位，是否得被航空業者用於「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」下的抵消義務，蓋此種類型的計畫不但可產出大量的減排以因應減量單位的需求，計畫亦需要更多的資金。不過，考量到環境完整性，「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」對減量單位設立嚴格的標準，因而源於「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型計畫的減量單位，得否符合「國際航空業碳排抵銷和減量機制」的標準，仍有必要進一步檢驗。鑑此，本文以經認證碳標準方案中的「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型計畫為例，檢驗其是否可符合「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」的標準。
Since countries adopted United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992, carbon dioxide emissions from international aviation industry had not been subject to any emission reductions regulation. Agreed in 2016 by 191 countries in the International Civil Aviation Organization, the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) becomes the world’s first global market-based climate measure for a sector. In spite of this, it is estimated that the carbon dioxide emissions from the whole international aviation industry will still rise, leading to increased demand for emission reduction unit. As a result, there is a plenty of materials discussing whether emission reduction units form Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project can be used by aviation operators under CORSIA, given the abundant emission reduction units generated from REDD+ project and the financial need of the project. 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國立政治大學
國際經營與貿易學系
106351048資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106351048 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 施文真 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Shih, Wen-Chen en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林孝哲 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Hsiao-Che en_US dc.creator (作者) 林孝哲 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Hsiao-Che en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 7-Aug-2019 15:50:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 7-Aug-2019 15:50:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 7-Aug-2019 15:50:49 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106351048 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=143104 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際經營與貿易學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 106351048 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自1992年通過的聯合國氣候變遷框架公約以降，不論是京都議定書或是巴黎協定，均未對國際航空產業的碳排放納入管制，直至2016年各國於國際民用航空組織中通過「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」，該機制始成為第一個對國際上單一部門別進行碳排放管制的市場機制。僅管如此，整個國際航空產業所產生的碳排放據估計仍會持續上升，因此「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」將導致減量單位的需求會不斷增加。鑑此，有不少文獻開始討論，源於「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型之減量計畫所產的減量單位，是否得被航空業者用於「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」下的抵消義務，蓋此種類型的計畫不但可產出大量的減排以因應減量單位的需求，計畫亦需要更多的資金。不過，考量到環境完整性，「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」對減量單位設立嚴格的標準，因而源於「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型計畫的減量單位，得否符合「國際航空業碳排抵銷和減量機制」的標準，仍有必要進一步檢驗。鑑此，本文以經認證碳標準方案中的「減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放」類型計畫為例，檢驗其是否可符合「國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制」的標準。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since countries adopted United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992, carbon dioxide emissions from international aviation industry had not been subject to any emission reductions regulation. Agreed in 2016 by 191 countries in the International Civil Aviation Organization, the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) becomes the world’s first global market-based climate measure for a sector. In spite of this, it is estimated that the carbon dioxide emissions from the whole international aviation industry will still rise, leading to increased demand for emission reduction unit. As a result, there is a plenty of materials discussing whether emission reduction units form Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project can be used by aviation operators under CORSIA, given the abundant emission reduction units generated from REDD+ project and the financial need of the project. However, in light of environmental integrity, CORSIA establishes strict standards of emission reduction units, hence if CORSIA will accept emission reduction units generated from REDD+ project remains unknown. This thesis therefore used the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) as an example to examine the possibility of consistence of REDD+ projects with CORSIA. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1\n第一節、研究背景、動機與研究問題 1\n第二節、研究方法與限制 5\n第三節、研究架構 6\n第二章、UNFCCC下的REDD+機制 8\n第一節、森林部門計畫對於減緩氣候變遷之優劣 8\n第二節、UNFCCC下的相關定義與REDD+計畫類型 10\n第三節、UNFCCC下之REDD+機制 13\n第一項、締約國大會歷屆決議和華沙架構 13\n第二項、REDD+計畫的規模、階段和執行要素 15\n第三項、融資方法和減量單位之潛在發展 21\n第三章、VCS方案下與REDD+相關之計畫的規範 25\n第一節、VCS方案下的有關定義與AFOLU計畫類型 25\n第二節、VCS方案簡介與原則性規範和要求 28\n第三節、AFOLU規則之規範和要求 36\n第四節、JNR規則之規範和要求 39\n第四章、國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制 43\n第一節、ICAO及SARPs之法律地位 43\n第二節、CORSIA發展歷程 45\n第三節、ICAO相關決議以及SARPs 47\n第一項、管制範圍 47\n第二項、MRV程序 49\n第三項、抵銷義務 50\n第四節、減量單位合格標準和合格減量單位 52\n第一項、減量機制設計要素 53\n第二項、減量單位完整性評估標準 55\n第五章、分析VCS方案下與REDD+相關之計畫符合CORSIA標準的可能 58\n第一節、Fern報告引發的爭辯 59\n第一項、Fern報告的質疑 59\n第二項、Verra的回應 61\n第二節、減量機制設計要素 64\n第一項、標準分析 64\n第二項、小結 76\n第三節、減量單位完整性評估標準 77\n第一項、標準分析 77\n第二項、小結 87\n第四節、AFOLU計畫和JNR計畫符合CORSIA標準的可能 88\n第一項、分析Fern對森林部門的各項主張 88\n第二項、本文分析之總結及建議 90\n第六章、結論 95\n論文參考資料 99 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1628732 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106351048 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際民用航空組織 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際航空碳抵銷和減排機制 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 聯合國氣候變遷框架公約 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 減少毀林和森林退化所產生之碳排放 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 經認證碳標準方案 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) en_US dc.title (題名) 論減少毀林和森林退化計畫符合國際航空碳抵消和減排機制的可能——以自願性市場的經認證碳標準方案為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Possibility of Consistence of REDD+ with CORSIA: Especially on Verified Carbon Standard in Voluntary Carbon Market en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文資料\n期刊\n林春元，法院在氣候變遷規範競爭與政治角力中的角色與策略：從歐洲法院民航排放權交易指令判決談起，臺大法學論叢，42卷4期（2013年）。\n\n外文資料\n專書\nBayon, Ricardo, Amanda Hawn & Katherine Hamilton, Voluntary Carbon Markets: An International Business Guide to What They Are and How They Work (2nd ed. 2009).\nHavel, Brian & Gabriel S. 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