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題名 WTO之文化例外條款在台灣對外經貿協定運用之研究
Cultural Exception Clause in WTO and its Implication in Taiwan’s FTA作者 林品萱
Lin, Pin-Hsuan貢獻者 許耀明
Hsu, Yao-Ming
林品萱
Lin, Pin-Hsuan關鍵詞 文化例外
文化多樣性
國際貿易協定
文化基本法
世界貿易組織
關稅暨貿易總協定
WTO爭端解決機制
Cultural Exception
Cultural Diversity
International Trade Agreement
Culture Basic Law
WTO
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
WTO Dispute Settlement日期 2019 上傳時間 5-Sep-2019 16:30:43 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文欲探討WTO協定下文化例外在台灣之運用,為因應文化與貿易間日趨緊密的關係,希望藉由釐清聯合國教科文組織下的文化概念的演進,與WTO協定條文中可能涵蓋的文化例外條款相比,探討在WTO的體制下,各國是否有主張文化例外條款的空間。除了條文上的闡釋之外,本文希望藉由WTO爭端解決實際的案例,分析各國在處理文化貿易案件時,可能遭遇到文化例外上的爭點,藉由分析、理解在WTO場域主張文化例外時面臨的相關問題,並在WTO協定範圍內,針對文化例外條款問題提出可能的解決途徑。本文亦探討在WTO法律架構之外,在國際貿易協定中,文化例外條款設計的態樣及其優缺點。最後,將討論回歸我國《文化基本法》,探討我國文化基本法中可以對外主張文化例外條款之可能性,並統整國際貿易協定與台紐經濟合作協定中,提出我國未來訂定其他國際貿易協定時,得將文化例外條款納入國際協定之方式及建議,以利保障我國獨特的文化多樣性,及促進我國文化發展。
In response to the relationship between culture and trade, this present paper attempts to clarify the evolution of the cultural concept under UNESCO along with the cultural exception clauses that may be covered in the provisions of the WTO Agreement in order to discuss the whether there are rooms for countries to advocate cultural exception clauses under the WTO system; if not, if there is any solution.In addition to the interpretation of the articles, this present paper attempts to analyze the difficulties which countries may encounter while avocating cultural exceptions through WTO disputes cases. By analyzing and understanding cultural exceptions within the scope of the WTO Agreement, this present paper attempts to propose possible solutions to the advocation of cultural exception clause. The present paper also discusses the design aspect of cultural exception clause with its advantages and disadvantages in international trade agreements.Last but not least, in order to safeguard Taiwan’s unique culture and promote culture diversity, we will discuss the possibility that Taiwan’s Cultural Basic Law claims cultural exception clauses in the international scale, and attempts to integrate the international trade agreements and Agreement between New Zealand and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu on Economic Cooperation; propose the methods and recommendations for incorporating cultural exception clauses into international agreements when Taiwan sets other international trade agreements in the future.參考文獻 參考文獻中文文獻專書1. 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Riyaz Dattu, Gajan Sathananthan, CPTPP: TPP parties proceed without the United States, Feburary 12, 2018,https://www.osler.com/en/resources/cross-border/2018/cptpp-tpp-parties-proceed-without-the-united-states (last visited July. 7, 2019)2. Government of Canada, What does the CPTPP mean for Canadian culture?, January 28, 2018,https://international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/cptpp-ptpgp/sectors-secteurs/culture.aspx?lang=eng (last visited July. 7, 2019) 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
法律科際整合研究所
105652005資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105652005 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 許耀明 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Hsu, Yao-Ming en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林品萱 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Pin-Hsuan en_US dc.creator (作者) 林品萱 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Pin-Hsuan en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 5-Sep-2019 16:30:43 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 5-Sep-2019 16:30:43 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Sep-2019 16:30:43 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105652005 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/125691 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 法律科際整合研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 105652005 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文欲探討WTO協定下文化例外在台灣之運用,為因應文化與貿易間日趨緊密的關係,希望藉由釐清聯合國教科文組織下的文化概念的演進,與WTO協定條文中可能涵蓋的文化例外條款相比,探討在WTO的體制下,各國是否有主張文化例外條款的空間。除了條文上的闡釋之外,本文希望藉由WTO爭端解決實際的案例,分析各國在處理文化貿易案件時,可能遭遇到文化例外上的爭點,藉由分析、理解在WTO場域主張文化例外時面臨的相關問題,並在WTO協定範圍內,針對文化例外條款問題提出可能的解決途徑。本文亦探討在WTO法律架構之外,在國際貿易協定中,文化例外條款設計的態樣及其優缺點。最後,將討論回歸我國《文化基本法》,探討我國文化基本法中可以對外主張文化例外條款之可能性,並統整國際貿易協定與台紐經濟合作協定中,提出我國未來訂定其他國際貿易協定時,得將文化例外條款納入國際協定之方式及建議,以利保障我國獨特的文化多樣性,及促進我國文化發展。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In response to the relationship between culture and trade, this present paper attempts to clarify the evolution of the cultural concept under UNESCO along with the cultural exception clauses that may be covered in the provisions of the WTO Agreement in order to discuss the whether there are rooms for countries to advocate cultural exception clauses under the WTO system; if not, if there is any solution.In addition to the interpretation of the articles, this present paper attempts to analyze the difficulties which countries may encounter while avocating cultural exceptions through WTO disputes cases. By analyzing and understanding cultural exceptions within the scope of the WTO Agreement, this present paper attempts to propose possible solutions to the advocation of cultural exception clause. The present paper also discusses the design aspect of cultural exception clause with its advantages and disadvantages in international trade agreements.Last but not least, in order to safeguard Taiwan’s unique culture and promote culture diversity, we will discuss the possibility that Taiwan’s Cultural Basic Law claims cultural exception clauses in the international scale, and attempts to integrate the international trade agreements and Agreement between New Zealand and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu on Economic Cooperation; propose the methods and recommendations for incorporating cultural exception clauses into international agreements when Taiwan sets other international trade agreements in the future. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機及目的 1第二節 研究範圍 2第三節 研究方法 3第四節 研究架構 3第貳章「文化例外」概念概述 5第一節 文化與貿易的關係 5第二節 聯合國教科文組織下的文化概念 8第一項「世界文化多樣性宣言」 9第二項「保護和促進文化表現多樣性公約」 11第一款 公約宗旨 11第二款 指導原則 12第三款 公約的積極意義 14第四款 公約可能的缺失 15第三項「保護和促進文化表現多樣性公約」及「世界文化多樣性宣言」對於影視產業之影響及實際市場反應 21第三節 WTO下「文化例外」概念 24第一項 GATT 1994第4條關於電影之特殊規定 25第二項 GATT 1994第20條一般例外第j款 對國家文物之保護 26第三項 針對UNESCO及WTO可得運用「文化例外概念」範圍之比較 27第四節 WTO之文化例外條款與WTO其他條款及協定間之關係 28第一項WTO之文化例外條款與國民待遇之關係 28第二項 WTO之文化例外條款與公共道德之關係 29第三項 WTO之文化例外條款與反傾銷之關係 30第四項 WTO之文化例外條款與GATS之關係 32第五項 WTO之文化例外條款與TRIPS之關係 33第五節 小結 35第參章 GATT/ WTO與文化例外相關案例 37第一節 1984年日本皮革製品案 38第一項 案例事實 38第二項 本案與文化例外相關爭點 38第一款 GATT 1947第11條 40第三項 本案評析 41第二節 1996年加拿大雜誌案 42第一項 案例事實 42第二項 本案與文化例外相關爭點 47第一款 郵資費率的有效性 47第三項 本案評析 50第三節 2009年中美視聽服務案 52第一項 案例事實 52第二項 本案評析 60第四節 各國採取文化例外所面臨之相關問題及可能解決途徑 63第肆章 各國貿易協定下相關之文化例外條款 69第一節 美加自由貿易協定 69第一項 CUSFTA相關文化例外條款 70第二項 CUSFTA相關文化例外條款之評析 72第二節 北美自由貿易協定 73第一項 NAFTA相關文化例外條款 73第二項 NAFTA相關文化例外條款之評析 75第三節 歐盟與加勒比海論壇之經濟夥伴協定 77第一項 歐盟與加勒比海論壇之經濟夥伴協定相關文化例外條款 77第二項 歐盟與加勒比海論壇之經濟夥伴協定相關文化例外條款之評析 78第四節 加拿大-歐盟全面性經濟與貿易協議 79第一項 CETA相關文化例外條款 79第二項 CETA相關文化例外條款之評析 82第五節 跨太平洋夥伴全面進步協定 83第一項 CPTPP相關文化例外條款 83第二項 CPTPP相關文化例外條款之評析 85第六節 美加墨協定 86第一項USMCA相關文化例外條款 86第二項USMCA相關文化例外條款之評析 88第七節 小結 89第伍章 台灣《文化基本法》與台灣簽訂自由貿易協定中相關文化例外條款 91第一節 文化基本法 91第一項 文化基本法條文分析 92第一款 文化基本法之目的及核心價值 92第二款 文化基本法之人民基本文化權利 93第三款 文化基本法之文化基本方針 98第四款 文化基本法之文化機構 100第五款 文化基本法之特定文化政策 101第六款 文化基本法之國際交流 102第七款 文化基本法之文化治理體制 103第八款 文化基本法之社區參與 106第九款 文化基本法之文化、藝術工作權 106第十款 文化基本法之文化權利救濟 107第十ㄧ款 文化基本法之特別效力條款 107第二項 文化基本法評析 107第三項 與各國文化基本法比較 109第一款 韓國《文化基本法》 109第二款 日本《文化藝術基本法》 112第四項 針對文化例外可能產生之影響及改善建議 113第二節 台灣所簽署之貿易協定中與文化例外相關條款 115第一項 台紐經濟合作協定 115第二項 ANZTEC 相關文化例外條款 115第三項 ANZTEC 相關文化例外條款評析 117第三節 針對台灣簽署貿易協定中可能之文化例外條款運用建議 118第陸章 結論 121附錄一:韓國《文化基本法》 123附錄二:日本《文化藝術基本法》 127附錄三:台日韓《文化基本法》比較表 137參考文獻 165 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2935206 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105652005 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化例外 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化多樣性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際貿易協定 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化基本法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 世界貿易組織 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 關稅暨貿易總協定 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) WTO爭端解決機制 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cultural Exception en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cultural Diversity en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) International Trade Agreement en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Culture Basic Law en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) WTO en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) WTO Dispute Settlement en_US dc.title (題名) WTO之文化例外條款在台灣對外經貿協定運用之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Cultural Exception Clause in WTO and its Implication in Taiwan’s FTA en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻中文文獻專書1. 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