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題名 我國大學生企業實習方案成效之探討
A Study on Effectiveness of Internship Program in Enterprise for College Students作者 黃巧茵
Huang, Chiao-Ying貢獻者 成之約
黃巧茵
Huang, Chiao-Ying關鍵詞 實習
實習成效
實習滿意度
Internship
Internship effectiveness
Internship satisfaction日期 2019 上傳時間 5-Sep-2019 16:52:16 (UTC+8) 摘要 中文摘要近年來職場體驗方案興盛，實習被認為是最具有價值的職場體驗方案，政府、企業與學校推出許多實習計畫，勞動市場上實習計畫百花齊放，但各實習利害關係人是否有掌握影響實習成效之重要因素，以規劃與執行實習計畫？為本研究之研究動機。為研究影響實習成效之重要因素，首先須了解學生對於實習成效之定義，進而探討影響實習成效之因素與因素的重要性，最後提供實習利害關係人規劃與執行實習計畫之參考。此為本研究之研究目的。經訪談分析發現，學生對於實習成效定義為「是否有學習成果」，呼應學生實習動機。而對實習成效有正影響之因素，依照重要性排序，依次為個人成長幅度、工作內容與特徵、人際交往互動、工作環境、薪資福利因素，排序依據與學生實習動機、影響因素是否會長期影響學生職業生涯有關。對於實習成效短期有負面影響的因素有期望落差與資訊不對稱，企業需盡力避免誇大不實工作內容，即使工作內容單調、缺乏挑戰性，研究發現只要企業對工作內容與工作特徵坦承不韙，也不影響實習滿意度！而在學校與政府對實習計畫參與度低的情況下，學校與政府的角色與功能對實習成效沒有影響。研究建議，為提升實習成效，企業實習工作說明應真實，工作內容應有挑戰性與意義，建立實習輔導機制，並適度提供實習生薪資福利。學校應篩選實習單位，與企業合作規劃實習計劃，確保實習能提升學生就業力，並要求企業/學生提供評鑑反饋，適時適度調整實習。政府則不應便宜行事，為達成率拿現有實習作為施政成果，應促進未開放實習之企業開辦實習，並確實媒合企業與實習生；確實篩選企業，剔除假實習真打工；要求企業落實導師制度；不僅評比實習生實習分享報告，更應建立實習機構和實習計畫評鑑制度，把關實習。
SummaryThe objective of the research is to probe the the most critical factor and the way to achieve the greatest effectiveness of internship.For students, the most critical factor is the outcome they acquired from the process, which responds to the motivation of learning and growth. The positive factors, which increase the effectiveness of the internship, include Personal Growth, Work Content and Work Characteristics, Interpersonal Interaction, Working Environment and Salary and Benefits.Oppositely, the negative factors, which decrease the effectiveness of the internship, include Expectation Gap and Information Asymmetry. In other words, if the enterprises provide the truthful job description, the unchallenging work would not be the main factor for decreasing the satisfaction of internship.Since the government and education institutes take little part in internship program, they have nearly no influence to the internship outcome.So here is our opinion about how to build a meritorious internship program. For enterprises, the job should be challenging and the meaningful. Meanwhile, mentoring system and appropriate compensation package would improve the effectiveness as well. For the education institutes side, filtering the company for students is significant. They could also cooperate with the business to provide more efficient internship program, and adjust the program through feedback from enterprises and students to ensure the programs improve employment of students.Last but not the least, the government should urge the company that have not yet been opening to release more vacancy, match business and students, prevent go-for tasks jobs, demand the enterprises put mentor system into practice, and compare the feedback of students and build Evaluation system to keep a close eye on business internship program.參考文獻 中文文獻(一) 專書亞當‧格蘭特（2013），《給予 華頓商學院最啟發人心的一堂課》(汪芃 譯)。出版社：平安文化。 (原著出版年﹕2012年)。(二) 期刊論文辛炳隆(2011)，〈強化人力資本 提升青年就業力〉，《就業安全半年刊》，第1期，10-14。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www2.wda.gov.tw/safe/docs/safe95/userplane/half_year_display.asp?menu_id=3&submenu_id=511&ap_id=1300林宜玄、何敘瑜(2014)，〈台灣、美國與德國技專校院學生校外實習技專校院成項評估項目之比較〉，技術及職業教育學報，第五卷第三期，頁1-32。林奇伯(2017)，〈2017求職HOT數據：企業vs.社會新鮮人心聲〉，《Cheers》2017求職指南專刊，第1期，16-21。(三) 研究報告行政院主計總處(2016)，〈105年人力運用調查報告〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=40577&ctNode=4987&mp=1青年輔導委員會(2009)，〈98年大專青年就業力現況調查報告〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Publish/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=563426104556123573&SSize=10&Cat=&MSID=2013080913565976089鄭仁煒(2011)，〈100年提升青年就業力計畫成效評估暨就業力調查研究〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Publish/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=563426104556123573&SSize=10&Cat=&MSID=2013081317015741578(四) 學位論文丁瑞陞(2011)。企業實習的成效研究。國立政治大學企業管理學系碩士論文，未出版，台北。楊曼禎(2013)。大專生企業實習方案與成效評估之探討—以國立政治大學科技管理研究所實習方案為例，國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。(五) 其他資料1111人力銀行(2017年6月3日)，〈2017企業進用新鮮人意願調查〉，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.1111.com.tw/news/surveyns_con.asp?ano=1043051111人力銀行(2017年6月3日)，〈2017新鮮人就業意向調查 職場調查〉，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://www.1111.com.tw/news/surveyns_con.asp?ano=105069MBA智庫百科，就業力定義，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E5%B0%B1%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%9B中原大學職涯發展處，民國108年7月6 日，取自http://uip.cycu.edu.tw/UIPWeb/wSite/ct?xItem=106439&ctNode=28298&mp=08400中華民國統計資訊網(2017)，就業失業統計資料查詢系統。民國108年3月6 日，取自http://www.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=32985&CtNode=4944&mp=4行政院主計總處，105年人力運用調查報告，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=40577&ctNode=4987&mp=1行政院經濟建設委員會，人才培育方案，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNjM4NS8yMzExOC8wMDE0OTMzXzUucGRm&n=5Lq65omN5Z%2b56IKy5pa55qGI5qC45a6a5pysLnBkZg%3d%3d&icon=..pdf行政院經濟建設委員會，縮短學訓考用落差方案，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNjM4NS8yMzExOS8wMDE3MjE0LnBkZg%3d%3d&n=57iu55%2bt5a246KiT6ICD55So6JC95beu5pa55qGIKOaguOWumuacrCkucGRm&icon=..pdf致理科技大學企業管理系校外實習課程說明 https://ba100.chihlee.edu.tw/p/412-1032-3246.php?Lang=zh-tw致理科技大學建立實習就業e化平台 http://job.chihlee.edu.tw/致理科技大學學生校外實習辦法https://tc100.chihlee.edu.tw/var/file/10/1010/img/1434/804678049.pdf國立台灣大學學生職業生涯發展中心 http://career.ntu.edu.tw/work/國立交通大學學務處就業與升學輔導組https://career.sa.nctu.edu.tw/?page_id=410國立交通大學教務處http://aadm.nctu.edu.tw/rule/國立政治大學職涯發展與實習/志工平台https://cd.nccu.edu.tw/國立高雄科技大學校友聯絡暨職涯輔導中心http://aac.kuas.edu.tw/files/15-1011-59353,c2387-1.php?Lang=zh-tw國立高雄餐旅大學研究發展處實習輔導組https://rd.nkuht.edu.tw/laws/archive.php?class=206國家發展委員會，育才、留才及攬才整合方案https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNTU2Ni81MzA5LzgzMDBkZjNjLTU0NDYtNDA4Ny1hMzQ5LTUzOTYxNTExYzdlYS5wZGY%3D&n=6IKy5omN44CB55WZ5omN5Y%2BK5pSs5omN5pW05ZCI5pa55qGILnBkZg%3D%3D&icon=..pdf教育部主管法規查詢系統，培育優質人力促進就業計畫方案一之一大專畢業生至企業職場實習方案實施要點http://edu.law.moe.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=FL048988教育部全球資訊網https://www.edu.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=9E7AC85F1954DDA8&s=D21FC15EF623B8D2教育部全球資訊網，技職教育再造方案手冊，https://www.edu.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=829446EED325AD02&sms=26FB481681F7B203&s=FE2799050C9A5AF7教育部技術及職業教育司第二期技職教育再造計畫http://www.wvs.hc.edu.tw/world/file/aa1031211.pdf教育部智慧聯網技術與應用跨校教學聯盟中心 核心系統達人培育計畫https://iotintern.ntust.edu.tw/教育部推動產學攜手合作計畫資訊網https://iacp.me.ntnu.edu.tw/勞動部勞動統計查詢網https://statdb.mol.gov.tw/statis/jspProxy.aspx?sys=210&funid=mq00華智豪(2016年5月22日)，Yahoo奇摩新聞，傳教育部推31K補助實習方案 勞動部：恐重蹈22K覆轍https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%82%B3%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%8E%A831k%E8%A3%9C%E5%8A%A9%E5%AF%A6%E7%BF%92%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E9%83%A8-%E6%81%90%E9%87%8D%E8%B9%8822k%E8%A6%86%E8%BD%8D-052600963.html英文部分Beenen, G. (2014) "The Effects of Goal Orientations and Supervisor Concerns on MBA Intern Learning and Performance", Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2014, Vol. 13, No. 1, 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amle.2012.0006Callanan, G., & Benzing, C. (2004) "Assessing the role of internships in the career‐oriented employment of graduating college students", Education + Training, Vol. 46 Issue: 2, pp.82-89, https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910410525261Chou, C. M., Shen, C. H., Hsiao, H. C., & Chen, S. C. (2014) "Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Internship Effectiveness In IT Industry: A Structural Equation Modeling", Review of Industrial Engineering Letters, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 36-43D’abate, C. P., Youndt, M. A., & Wenzel, K. E. (2009) "Making the Most of an Internship: An Empirical Study of Internship Satisfaction", Academy of Management Learning & Education, Vol. 8, No. 4, 527–539.Dabke, D. (2015) " Soft Skills as a Predictor of Perceived Internship Effectiveness and Permanent Placement Opportunity", The IUP Journal of Soft Skills, Vol. IX, No. 4, P26-43.Gault, J. E., & Duey, M. (2010) "Effects of business internships on job marketability: the employers` perspective", Education + Training, Vol. 52 Issue: 1, pp.76-88, https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911011017690Herman, Lily（n.d.）"What You Need to Know About Intern Compensation", themuse, https://www.themuse.com/advice/what-you-need-to-know-about-intern-compensationHolyoak, L. (2013) "Are all internships beneficial learning experiences? An exploratory study", Education + Training, Vol. 55 Issue: 6, pp.573-583, https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-02-2012-0024Hurst, J. L., Good, L. K., & Gardner, P. (2012) "Conversion intentions of interns:what are the motivating factors?", Education + Training, Vol. 54 Issue: 6, pp.504-522, https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211254280Knemeyer, A. M., & Murphy, P. R. (2002) "Logistics internships: Employer and student perspectives", International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 32 Issue: 2, pp.135-152, https:// doi.org/10.1108/09600030210421732Liu, Y., Xu, J., & Weitz, B. A. (2011）"The Role of Emotional Expression and Mentoring in Internship Learning", Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2011, Vol. 10, No. 1, 94–110.Maertz, C. P., Jr., Stoeberl, P. A., & Marks, J. (2014) "Building successful internships: lessons from the research for interns, schools, and employers", Career Development International, Vol. 19 Issue: 1, pp.123-142, https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-03-2013-0025Narayanan, V. K., Olk, P. M., & Fukami, C. V. (2010) "Determinants of Internship Effectiveness: An Exploratory Model", Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2010, Vol. 9, No. 1, 61–80.Paulins, V. A. (2008) "Characteristics of retailing internships contributing to students` reported satisfaction with career development", Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 12 Issue: 1, pp.105-118, https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020810857970Reddy, Chitra (n.d.) "Should You Pay Your Interns? Reasons Employer Should Know", Wisestep, https://content.wisestep.com/pay-interns-reasons-employers/Renganathan, S., Karim, Z. A. B. A., & Li, C. S. (2012) "Students’ perception of industrial internship programme", Education + Training, Vol. 54 Issue: 2/3, pp.180-191, https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211210288Rothman, M. (1987) " Designing Work Environment to influence productivity", Journal Of Business And Psychology, Volume 1, No, 4, Summer 1987Rothman, M. (2007) "Lessons Learned: Advice to Employers From Interns", Journal of Education for Business, January/February 2007Rothman, M., & Sisman, R. (2016) "Internship impact on career consideration among business students", Education + Training, Vol. 58 Issue: 9, pp.1003-1013, https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2015-0027Ruhanita, M., Zakiah, M. M., Rosiati, R., & Aini, A. (2014) "Internship for accounting undergraduates: comparative insights from stakeholders", Education + Training, Vol. 56 Issue: 6, pp.482-502, https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-09-2012-0088Smith, Cameron (2013), "Should You Pay Your Interns?", Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/dailymuse/2013/05/29/should-you-pay-your-interns/#547fc541389fSobral, F., & Islam, G. (2015) "He Who Laughs Best, Leaves Last: The Influence of Humor on the Attitudes and Behavior of Interns", Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2015, Vol. 14, No. 4, 500–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amle.2013.0368Taylor, M. S. (1988) "Effects of College Internships on Individual Participants", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 73, No. 3, 393-401.The Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Business Council of Australia (2002), "Employability Skills for the Future 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
104262007資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104262007 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 成之約 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃巧茵 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Chiao-Ying en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃巧茵 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Chiao-Ying en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 5-Sep-2019 16:52:16 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 5-Sep-2019 16:52:16 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Sep-2019 16:52:16 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104262007 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/125751 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 勞工研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104262007 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 中文摘要近年來職場體驗方案興盛，實習被認為是最具有價值的職場體驗方案，政府、企業與學校推出許多實習計畫，勞動市場上實習計畫百花齊放，但各實習利害關係人是否有掌握影響實習成效之重要因素，以規劃與執行實習計畫？為本研究之研究動機。為研究影響實習成效之重要因素，首先須了解學生對於實習成效之定義，進而探討影響實習成效之因素與因素的重要性，最後提供實習利害關係人規劃與執行實習計畫之參考。此為本研究之研究目的。經訪談分析發現，學生對於實習成效定義為「是否有學習成果」，呼應學生實習動機。而對實習成效有正影響之因素，依照重要性排序，依次為個人成長幅度、工作內容與特徵、人際交往互動、工作環境、薪資福利因素，排序依據與學生實習動機、影響因素是否會長期影響學生職業生涯有關。對於實習成效短期有負面影響的因素有期望落差與資訊不對稱，企業需盡力避免誇大不實工作內容，即使工作內容單調、缺乏挑戰性，研究發現只要企業對工作內容與工作特徵坦承不韙，也不影響實習滿意度！而在學校與政府對實習計畫參與度低的情況下，學校與政府的角色與功能對實習成效沒有影響。研究建議，為提升實習成效，企業實習工作說明應真實，工作內容應有挑戰性與意義，建立實習輔導機制，並適度提供實習生薪資福利。學校應篩選實習單位，與企業合作規劃實習計劃，確保實習能提升學生就業力，並要求企業/學生提供評鑑反饋，適時適度調整實習。政府則不應便宜行事，為達成率拿現有實習作為施政成果，應促進未開放實習之企業開辦實習，並確實媒合企業與實習生；確實篩選企業，剔除假實習真打工；要求企業落實導師制度；不僅評比實習生實習分享報告，更應建立實習機構和實習計畫評鑑制度，把關實習。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) SummaryThe objective of the research is to probe the the most critical factor and the way to achieve the greatest effectiveness of internship.For students, the most critical factor is the outcome they acquired from the process, which responds to the motivation of learning and growth. The positive factors, which increase the effectiveness of the internship, include Personal Growth, Work Content and Work Characteristics, Interpersonal Interaction, Working Environment and Salary and Benefits.Oppositely, the negative factors, which decrease the effectiveness of the internship, include Expectation Gap and Information Asymmetry. In other words, if the enterprises provide the truthful job description, the unchallenging work would not be the main factor for decreasing the satisfaction of internship.Since the government and education institutes take little part in internship program, they have nearly no influence to the internship outcome.So here is our opinion about how to build a meritorious internship program. For enterprises, the job should be challenging and the meaningful. Meanwhile, mentoring system and appropriate compensation package would improve the effectiveness as well. For the education institutes side, filtering the company for students is significant. They could also cooperate with the business to provide more efficient internship program, and adjust the program through feedback from enterprises and students to ensure the programs improve employment of students.Last but not the least, the government should urge the company that have not yet been opening to release more vacancy, match business and students, prevent go-for tasks jobs, demand the enterprises put mentor system into practice, and compare the feedback of students and build Evaluation system to keep a close eye on business internship program. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景和目的 1第二節 研究方法 4第三節 研究範圍與限制 4第四節 研究流程與章節安排 5第二章 實習有關文獻探討 7第一節 實習定義與重要性 7第二節 實習成效判斷依據 14第三節 影響實習成效之因素 30第四節 實習成本與代價 42第五節 小結 43第三章 政府與學校推廣實習相關政策 45第一節 政府推廣實習相關政策 45第二節 學校推廣實習相關政策 52第三節 小結 59第四章 研究發現與分析 60第一節 訪談設計與研究對象 60第二節 訪談發現 64第三節 訪談分析 80第四節 小結 89第五章 結論與建議 90第一節 研究結論 90第二節 研究建議 92參考文獻 98附錄 107訪談大綱 107訪談一 108訪談二 124訪談三 139訪談四 147訪談五 155訪談六 169訪談七 184 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2776747 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104262007 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實習 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實習成效 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實習滿意度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Internship en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Internship effectiveness en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Internship satisfaction en_US dc.title (題名) 我國大學生企業實習方案成效之探討 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Study on Effectiveness of Internship Program in Enterprise for College Students en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文文獻(一) 專書亞當‧格蘭特（2013），《給予 華頓商學院最啟發人心的一堂課》(汪芃 譯)。出版社：平安文化。 (原著出版年﹕2012年)。(二) 期刊論文辛炳隆(2011)，〈強化人力資本 提升青年就業力〉，《就業安全半年刊》，第1期，10-14。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www2.wda.gov.tw/safe/docs/safe95/userplane/half_year_display.asp?menu_id=3&submenu_id=511&ap_id=1300林宜玄、何敘瑜(2014)，〈台灣、美國與德國技專校院學生校外實習技專校院成項評估項目之比較〉，技術及職業教育學報，第五卷第三期，頁1-32。林奇伯(2017)，〈2017求職HOT數據：企業vs.社會新鮮人心聲〉，《Cheers》2017求職指南專刊，第1期，16-21。(三) 研究報告行政院主計總處(2016)，〈105年人力運用調查報告〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=40577&ctNode=4987&mp=1青年輔導委員會(2009)，〈98年大專青年就業力現況調查報告〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Publish/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=563426104556123573&SSize=10&Cat=&MSID=2013080913565976089鄭仁煒(2011)，〈100年提升青年就業力計畫成效評估暨就業力調查研究〉。民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Publish/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=563426104556123573&SSize=10&Cat=&MSID=2013081317015741578(四) 學位論文丁瑞陞(2011)。企業實習的成效研究。國立政治大學企業管理學系碩士論文，未出版，台北。楊曼禎(2013)。大專生企業實習方案與成效評估之探討—以國立政治大學科技管理研究所實習方案為例，國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。(五) 其他資料1111人力銀行(2017年6月3日)，〈2017企業進用新鮮人意願調查〉，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.1111.com.tw/news/surveyns_con.asp?ano=1043051111人力銀行(2017年6月3日)，〈2017新鮮人就業意向調查 職場調查〉，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://www.1111.com.tw/news/surveyns_con.asp?ano=105069MBA智庫百科，就業力定義，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E5%B0%B1%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%9B中原大學職涯發展處，民國108年7月6 日，取自http://uip.cycu.edu.tw/UIPWeb/wSite/ct?xItem=106439&ctNode=28298&mp=08400中華民國統計資訊網(2017)，就業失業統計資料查詢系統。民國108年3月6 日，取自http://www.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=32985&CtNode=4944&mp=4行政院主計總處，105年人力運用調查報告，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=40577&ctNode=4987&mp=1行政院經濟建設委員會，人才培育方案，民國108年3月6 日，取自https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNjM4NS8yMzExOC8wMDE0OTMzXzUucGRm&n=5Lq65omN5Z%2b56IKy5pa55qGI5qC45a6a5pysLnBkZg%3d%3d&icon=..pdf行政院經濟建設委員會，縮短學訓考用落差方案，民國108年3月6 日，取自 https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNjM4NS8yMzExOS8wMDE3MjE0LnBkZg%3d%3d&n=57iu55%2bt5a246KiT6ICD55So6JC95beu5pa55qGIKOaguOWumuacrCkucGRm&icon=..pdf致理科技大學企業管理系校外實習課程說明 https://ba100.chihlee.edu.tw/p/412-1032-3246.php?Lang=zh-tw致理科技大學建立實習就業e化平台 http://job.chihlee.edu.tw/致理科技大學學生校外實習辦法https://tc100.chihlee.edu.tw/var/file/10/1010/img/1434/804678049.pdf國立台灣大學學生職業生涯發展中心 http://career.ntu.edu.tw/work/國立交通大學學務處就業與升學輔導組https://career.sa.nctu.edu.tw/?page_id=410國立交通大學教務處http://aadm.nctu.edu.tw/rule/國立政治大學職涯發展與實習/志工平台https://cd.nccu.edu.tw/國立高雄科技大學校友聯絡暨職涯輔導中心http://aac.kuas.edu.tw/files/15-1011-59353,c2387-1.php?Lang=zh-tw國立高雄餐旅大學研究發展處實習輔導組https://rd.nkuht.edu.tw/laws/archive.php?class=206國家發展委員會，育才、留才及攬才整合方案https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNTU2Ni81MzA5LzgzMDBkZjNjLTU0NDYtNDA4Ny1hMzQ5LTUzOTYxNTExYzdlYS5wZGY%3D&n=6IKy5omN44CB55WZ5omN5Y%2BK5pSs5omN5pW05ZCI5pa55qGILnBkZg%3D%3D&icon=..pdf教育部主管法規查詢系統，培育優質人力促進就業計畫方案一之一大專畢業生至企業職場實習方案實施要點http://edu.law.moe.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=FL048988教育部全球資訊網https://www.edu.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=9E7AC85F1954DDA8&s=D21FC15EF623B8D2教育部全球資訊網，技職教育再造方案手冊，https://www.edu.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=829446EED325AD02&sms=26FB481681F7B203&s=FE2799050C9A5AF7教育部技術及職業教育司第二期技職教育再造計畫http://www.wvs.hc.edu.tw/world/file/aa1031211.pdf教育部智慧聯網技術與應用跨校教學聯盟中心 核心系統達人培育計畫https://iotintern.ntust.edu.tw/教育部推動產學攜手合作計畫資訊網https://iacp.me.ntnu.edu.tw/勞動部勞動統計查詢網https://statdb.mol.gov.tw/statis/jspProxy.aspx?sys=210&funid=mq00華智豪(2016年5月22日)，Yahoo奇摩新聞，傳教育部推31K補助實習方案 勞動部：恐重蹈22K覆轍https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%82%B3%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%8E%A831k%E8%A3%9C%E5%8A%A9%E5%AF%A6%E7%BF%92%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E9%83%A8-%E6%81%90%E9%87%8D%E8%B9%8822k%E8%A6%86%E8%BD%8D-052600963.html英文部分Beenen, G. 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