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題名 師父嫉妒與師徒功能關係之探討：利他性格之調節效果
Mentor’s Envy and Mentoring Support：The Moderating Role of Prosocial Personality
作者 朱德軒
Ju, Te-Hsuan
貢獻者 胡昌亞
Hu, Chang-Ya
朱德軒
Ju, Te-Hsuan
關鍵詞 師徒關係
善意嫉妒
惡意嫉妒
利他性格
師徒功能
社會比較理 論
Mentorship
Benign envy
Malicious envy
Prosocial personality
Mentoring support
Social comparison theory
日期 2019
上傳時間 5-Sep-2019 17:36:35 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究以社會比較理論為基礎，聚焦於師父的觀點，探討師徒關係中善意嫉妒、惡意嫉妒與師徒功能間的關係，並且以利他性格作為調節變項去討論其在上述關係中的效果。本研究共蒐集了有效樣本205對師父與徒弟的對偶問卷，填答者來自不同的產業背景，並且以多元階層迴歸分析進行假設檢定。
研究結果顯示，善意嫉妒與師徒功能呈現顯著正相關，表示當善意嫉妒越高時，師父所提供的越容易展現出師徒功能越高；惡意嫉妒與師徒功能則無顯著關係。此外，利他性格不對是對善意嫉妒亦或是惡意嫉妒，均無顯著的削弱效果。本研究最後依據研究結果，對於研究限制、未來建議及管理意涵進行討論。
Based on the Social Comparison Theory, this study focuses on mentor`s perspective to examine the relationship between mentoring support, benign envy and malicious envy in the mentorship. Also, discuss the effect of altruistic personality as a moderator variable in the above-mentioned relationship. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted by using data collected from 205 mentoring pairs in various industries.
Result indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between benign envy and mentoring support. That is, the higher benign envy is, the easier it is to show the mentoring support. However, malicious envy has no significant relationship with the mentoring support. In addition, altruistic personality doesn’t indicate a significant weakening effect on benign envy or malicious envy. Based on the results of the study, the research limitations, future suggestions and management implications are discussed later.
參考文獻 林以正 (1999)。華人的社會比較:比較什麼?與誰比較?為何比較?。本土心理學
研究，11， 93-125。
黃瓊玉 (2005)。師徒功能認知, 工作滿足與組織公民行為關聯性之研究。未出
版碩士論文，私立中原大學企業管理研究所，桃園。
蔡佳靜 (2009)。同化？抑或對比？：健康狀況的社會比較探討。應用心理學研
究， 44，189-212。
Allen, T., Eby, L., Poteet, M., Lentz, E., & Lima, L. (2004). Career benefits
associated with mentoring for proteges: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(1), 127-135.
Allen, T. D., & Eby, L. T. (2008). “Mentor commitment in formal mentoring
relationships.” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72, 309-316.
Aryee, S., Lo, S., & Kang, I. L. (1999). Antecedents of early career stage mentoring
among Chinese employees. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 563- 576.
Batson, C. D., & Powell, A. A. (2003). Altruism and prosocial behavior. In T. Millon
& M. J. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Personality and social
psychology, Vol. 5, pp. 463-484
Baugh, S. G., Lankau, M. J., & Scandura, T. A. (1996). An investigation of the effects
of protégé gender on responses to mentoring. Journal of Vocational Behavior,
49(3), 309-323.
Bierhoff, H. W., Klein, R., & Kramp, P. (1991). Evidence for the altruistic personality
from data on accident research. Journal of Personality, 59(2), 263-280.
Castro, Stephanie L.; Scandura, Terri A. PhD; and Williams, Ethlyn A., "Validity of
Scandura and Ragins` (1993) Multidimensional Mentoring Measure: An
Evaluation and Refinement" (2004). Management Faculty Articles and Papers. 7.
Chao, G., Walz, P., & Gardner, P. (1992). Formal and informal mentorships: A
comparison on mentoring functions and contrast with nonmentored counterparts.
Personnel Psychology, 45(3), 619-636.
Cohen-Charash, Y., & Mueller, J. S. (2007). Does perceived unfairness exacerbate or
mitigate interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors related to envy? Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(3), 666-680.
Cohen-Charash, Y. (2009). Episodic envy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology,
39(9), 2128–2173.
Crusius, J., & Lange, J. (2014). What catches the envious eye? Attentional biases
within malicious and benign envy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 55, 1–11.
Delistraty C. (2017) You`ll be happyier if you let yourself feel bad.Science of Us.
Duffy,M.K.,& Shaw, J.D.2000.The Salieri syndrome: Consequences on envy in
groups. Small Group Research, 31, 3–23.
Fagenson-Eland, E. A., Marks, M. A., & Amendola, K. L. (1997). “Perceptions of
mentoring relationships.” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51(1), 29-42.
Feldman, D. C.(1999).Toxic mentors or toxic proteges? A critical re-examination of
dysfunctional mentoring.Human Resource Management Review,9(3),247-278.
Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human relations, 7(2),
117-140.
Forret, M. L. (1996). “Issues facing organizations when implementing formal
mentoring programmes.” Leadership and Organization Development Journal,
17(3), 27-30.
Hedges, K. (2012). The real reason you`re jealous of yourfriend`s success.
Hupka, R. B., Buunk, B., & Falus, G. (1985). Romantic jealousy and romantic
envy.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 16 (4), 423-446.
Koberg, C. S., Boss, R. W., & Goodman, E. (1998). Factors and outcomes associated
with mentoring among health-care professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 53(1), 58-72.
Godshalk, M.V. and Sosik, J. J., 2000. Does mentor-protégé agreement on
mentor leadership behavior influence the quality of a mentoring relationship?
Group & Organization Management, 25(3), 291-317.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R.L. (1966). The social psychology of organizations. Oxford,
England: Wiley.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations. New York:
Wiley.
Kram, K. E. (1983). Phases of the mentor relationship. Academy of Management
Journal, 26, 608-625.
Kram, K. E. (1985). Mentoring at Work: Developmental Relationships in
Organizational Life. Scott, Foresman.
Lange, J., & Crusius, J. (2014). Dispositional Envy Revisited Unraveling the
Motivational Dynamics of Benign and Malicious Envy. Personality and social
psychology bulletin
McCauley, C. D. and Young, D. P., 1993. Creating Developmental Relationships:
Roles and Strategies, Human Resource Management Review, 3(3), 219-230.
Miceli, M., & Castelfranchi, C. (2007). The envious mind. Cognition and Emotion,
21(3), 449-479.
Parks, C. D., Rumble, A. C., & Posey, D. C. (2002). The effects of envy on
reciprocation in a social dilemma. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
28, 509 –520.
Rawls, J. (2009). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Ragins, B. R., & Cotton, J. L. (1999). “Mentor functions and outcomes: A comparison
of men and women in formal and informal mentoring relationships.” Journal of
Applied Psychology, 84(4), 529-550.
Reynold, M. (2011). Envy can be good for you. PsychologyToday.
Roseman, I. J., Wiest, C. & Swartz, T. S. (1994). Phenomenology, Behaviors, and
Goals Differentiate Discrete Emotions. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 67, 206-221. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.206
Salovey, P, & Rodin, J. (1984). Some antecedents and consequences of social-
comparison jealousy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 780–792.
Scandura, T. (1992). Mentorship and career mobility: An empirical investigation.
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 169-174.
Schaubroeck J . M. & Lain S.`S.K. (2004). Comparing lots before and after:
Promotion rejectees invidious reactions to promotees. Organizational Behavior
and Human Decision Processes, 94, 33-47.
Smillie, L. D., Wilt, J., Kabbani, R., Garratt, C., & Revelle, W. (2015). Quality of
social experience explains the relation between extraversion and positive affect. Emotion, 15(3), 339-349
Silverhart, T. A. (1994). It works: Mentoring drives productivity higher. Managers
Magazine, 14-15.
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior:
Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 653-663.
Smith, J. (2014). How successful people use envy to getahead. Business Insider.
Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological Bulletin,
133(1), 46–64.
Smith, RH (2004). Envy and its transmutations. TheSocial Life of Emotions: Studies
in emotion and social interaction, Tiedens,LZ (Ed). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, S. E., & Lobel, M. (1989). Social comparison activity under threat: downward
evaluation and upward contacts. Psychological review, 96(4), 569.
Tesser, A., & Collins, J. E. (1988). Emotion in social reflection and comparison
situations: Intuitive, systematic, and exploratory approaches. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 55(5), 695-709.
Turban, D. B., Moake, T. R., Wu, S. Y. H., & Cheung, Y. H. (2017). Linking
extroversion and proactive personality to career success: The role of mentoring received and knowledge. Journal of Career Development, 44(1), 20-33.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2009). Leveling up and down: The
experiences of benign and malicious envy. Emotion, 9, 419–429.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2011). Why envy outperforms
admiration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(6), 784-795.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2012). Appraisal patterns of envy
and related emotions. Motivation and Emotions, 36, 195-204.
Wallace, JB (2014). Put your envy to good use. The Wall Street Journal.
Wheeler, Ladd (1991), "A Brief History of Social Comparison Theory," in Social
Comparison: Contemporary Theory and Research ed. J. Suls and T.A. Wills,
Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 3-22.
Wilson, J. A., & Elman, N. S. (1990). Organizational benefits of mentoring. Academy
of Management Executive, 4(4), 88-94.
Zey, M. G. (1985). Mentor programs: Making the right moves. Personnel Journal,
64(2), 53-57.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
106363100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106363100
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 胡昌亞zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hu, Chang-Yaen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 朱德軒zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Ju, Te-Hsuanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 朱德軒zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Ju, Te-Hsuanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2019en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Sep-2019 17:36:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Sep-2019 17:36:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Sep-2019 17:36:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106363100en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/125955-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106363100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究以社會比較理論為基礎，聚焦於師父的觀點，探討師徒關係中善意嫉妒、惡意嫉妒與師徒功能間的關係，並且以利他性格作為調節變項去討論其在上述關係中的效果。本研究共蒐集了有效樣本205對師父與徒弟的對偶問卷，填答者來自不同的產業背景，並且以多元階層迴歸分析進行假設檢定。
研究結果顯示，善意嫉妒與師徒功能呈現顯著正相關，表示當善意嫉妒越高時，師父所提供的越容易展現出師徒功能越高；惡意嫉妒與師徒功能則無顯著關係。此外，利他性格不對是對善意嫉妒亦或是惡意嫉妒，均無顯著的削弱效果。本研究最後依據研究結果，對於研究限制、未來建議及管理意涵進行討論。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Based on the Social Comparison Theory, this study focuses on mentor`s perspective to examine the relationship between mentoring support, benign envy and malicious envy in the mentorship. Also, discuss the effect of altruistic personality as a moderator variable in the above-mentioned relationship. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted by using data collected from 205 mentoring pairs in various industries.
Result indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between benign envy and mentoring support. That is, the higher benign envy is, the easier it is to show the mentoring support. However, malicious envy has no significant relationship with the mentoring support. In addition, altruistic personality doesn’t indicate a significant weakening effect on benign envy or malicious envy. Based on the results of the study, the research limitations, future suggestions and management implications are discussed later.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 III
表次 IV
圖次 V
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
第一節 師徒關係與師徒功能 5
第二節 社會比較理論 8
第三節 嫉妒 11
第四節 師父嫉妒與師徒功能 13
第五節 利他性格 15
第六節 研究架構 17
第三章 研究方法 18
第一節 抽樣設計方法 18
第二節 研究變項定義與測量量表 19
第三節 資料分析方法 24
第四章 研究結果 25
第一節 樣本描述 25
第二節 研究變項敘述性統計分析 28
第三節 迴歸分析 31
第五章 結論與建議 33
第一節 結論 33
第二節 研究限制與未來建議 35
第三節 研究貢獻與管理意涵 36
參考文獻 37		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1381868 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106363100en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 師徒關係zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 善意嫉妒zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 惡意嫉妒zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 利他性格zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 師徒功能zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會比較理 論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mentorshipen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Benign envyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Malicious envyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Prosocial personalityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mentoring supporten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social comparison theoryen_US
dc.title (題名) 師父嫉妒與師徒功能關係之探討：利他性格之調節效果zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Mentor’s Envy and Mentoring Support：The Moderating Role of Prosocial Personalityen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林以正 (1999)。華人的社會比較:比較什麼?與誰比較?為何比較?。本土心理學
研究，11， 93-125。
黃瓊玉 (2005)。師徒功能認知, 工作滿足與組織公民行為關聯性之研究。未出
版碩士論文，私立中原大學企業管理研究所，桃園。
蔡佳靜 (2009)。同化？抑或對比？：健康狀況的社會比較探討。應用心理學研
究， 44，189-212。
Allen, T., Eby, L., Poteet, M., Lentz, E., & Lima, L. (2004). Career benefits
associated with mentoring for proteges: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(1), 127-135.
Allen, T. D., & Eby, L. T. (2008). “Mentor commitment in formal mentoring
relationships.” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72, 309-316.
Aryee, S., Lo, S., & Kang, I. L. (1999). Antecedents of early career stage mentoring
among Chinese employees. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 563- 576.
Batson, C. D., & Powell, A. A. (2003). Altruism and prosocial behavior. In T. Millon
& M. J. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Personality and social
psychology, Vol. 5, pp. 463-484
Baugh, S. G., Lankau, M. J., & Scandura, T. A. (1996). An investigation of the effects
of protégé gender on responses to mentoring. Journal of Vocational Behavior,
49(3), 309-323.
Bierhoff, H. W., Klein, R., & Kramp, P. (1991). Evidence for the altruistic personality
from data on accident research. Journal of Personality, 59(2), 263-280.
Castro, Stephanie L.; Scandura, Terri A. PhD; and Williams, Ethlyn A., "Validity of
Scandura and Ragins` (1993) Multidimensional Mentoring Measure: An
Evaluation and Refinement" (2004). Management Faculty Articles and Papers. 7.
Chao, G., Walz, P., & Gardner, P. (1992). Formal and informal mentorships: A
comparison on mentoring functions and contrast with nonmentored counterparts.
Personnel Psychology, 45(3), 619-636.
Cohen-Charash, Y., & Mueller, J. S. (2007). Does perceived unfairness exacerbate or
mitigate interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors related to envy? Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(3), 666-680.
Cohen-Charash, Y. (2009). Episodic envy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology,
39(9), 2128–2173.
Crusius, J., & Lange, J. (2014). What catches the envious eye? Attentional biases
within malicious and benign envy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 55, 1–11.
Delistraty C. (2017) You`ll be happyier if you let yourself feel bad.Science of Us.
Duffy,M.K.,& Shaw, J.D.2000.The Salieri syndrome: Consequences on envy in
groups. Small Group Research, 31, 3–23.
Fagenson-Eland, E. A., Marks, M. A., & Amendola, K. L. (1997). “Perceptions of
mentoring relationships.” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51(1), 29-42.
Feldman, D. C.(1999).Toxic mentors or toxic proteges? A critical re-examination of
dysfunctional mentoring.Human Resource Management Review,9(3),247-278.
Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human relations, 7(2),
117-140.
Forret, M. L. (1996). “Issues facing organizations when implementing formal
mentoring programmes.” Leadership and Organization Development Journal,
17(3), 27-30.
Hedges, K. (2012). The real reason you`re jealous of yourfriend`s success.
Hupka, R. B., Buunk, B., & Falus, G. (1985). Romantic jealousy and romantic
envy.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 16 (4), 423-446.
Koberg, C. S., Boss, R. W., & Goodman, E. (1998). Factors and outcomes associated
with mentoring among health-care professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 53(1), 58-72.
Godshalk, M.V. and Sosik, J. J., 2000. Does mentor-protégé agreement on
mentor leadership behavior influence the quality of a mentoring relationship?
Group & Organization Management, 25(3), 291-317.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R.L. (1966). The social psychology of organizations. Oxford,
England: Wiley.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations. New York:
Wiley.
Kram, K. E. (1983). Phases of the mentor relationship. Academy of Management
Journal, 26, 608-625.
Kram, K. E. (1985). Mentoring at Work: Developmental Relationships in
Organizational Life. Scott, Foresman.
Lange, J., & Crusius, J. (2014). Dispositional Envy Revisited Unraveling the
Motivational Dynamics of Benign and Malicious Envy. Personality and social
psychology bulletin
McCauley, C. D. and Young, D. P., 1993. Creating Developmental Relationships:
Roles and Strategies, Human Resource Management Review, 3(3), 219-230.
Miceli, M., & Castelfranchi, C. (2007). The envious mind. Cognition and Emotion,
21(3), 449-479.
Parks, C. D., Rumble, A. C., & Posey, D. C. (2002). The effects of envy on
reciprocation in a social dilemma. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
28, 509 –520.
Rawls, J. (2009). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Ragins, B. R., & Cotton, J. L. (1999). “Mentor functions and outcomes: A comparison
of men and women in formal and informal mentoring relationships.” Journal of
Applied Psychology, 84(4), 529-550.
Reynold, M. (2011). Envy can be good for you. PsychologyToday.
Roseman, I. J., Wiest, C. & Swartz, T. S. (1994). Phenomenology, Behaviors, and
Goals Differentiate Discrete Emotions. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 67, 206-221. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.206
Salovey, P, & Rodin, J. (1984). Some antecedents and consequences of social-
comparison jealousy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 780–792.
Scandura, T. (1992). Mentorship and career mobility: An empirical investigation.
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 169-174.
Schaubroeck J . M. & Lain S.`S.K. (2004). Comparing lots before and after:
Promotion rejectees invidious reactions to promotees. Organizational Behavior
and Human Decision Processes, 94, 33-47.
Smillie, L. D., Wilt, J., Kabbani, R., Garratt, C., & Revelle, W. (2015). Quality of
social experience explains the relation between extraversion and positive affect. Emotion, 15(3), 339-349
Silverhart, T. A. (1994). It works: Mentoring drives productivity higher. Managers
Magazine, 14-15.
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior:
Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 653-663.
Smith, J. (2014). How successful people use envy to getahead. Business Insider.
Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological Bulletin,
133(1), 46–64.
Smith, RH (2004). Envy and its transmutations. TheSocial Life of Emotions: Studies
in emotion and social interaction, Tiedens,LZ (Ed). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, S. E., & Lobel, M. (1989). Social comparison activity under threat: downward
evaluation and upward contacts. Psychological review, 96(4), 569.
Tesser, A., & Collins, J. E. (1988). Emotion in social reflection and comparison
situations: Intuitive, systematic, and exploratory approaches. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 55(5), 695-709.
Turban, D. B., Moake, T. R., Wu, S. Y. H., & Cheung, Y. H. (2017). Linking
extroversion and proactive personality to career success: The role of mentoring received and knowledge. Journal of Career Development, 44(1), 20-33.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2009). Leveling up and down: The
experiences of benign and malicious envy. Emotion, 9, 419–429.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2011). Why envy outperforms
admiration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(6), 784-795.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., and Pieters, R. (2012). Appraisal patterns of envy
and related emotions. Motivation and Emotions, 36, 195-204.
Wallace, JB (2014). Put your envy to good use. The Wall Street Journal.
Wheeler, Ladd (1991), "A Brief History of Social Comparison Theory," in Social
Comparison: Contemporary Theory and Research ed. J. Suls and T.A. Wills,
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU201901161en_US