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題名 非傳統安全觀點下之暗網市場初探:以五個主要成功打擊暗網交易市場之各國政府行動為例
An Exploratory Research of Darknet Marketplaces under the Non-Traditional Security Scope: An Example of Five Major Successful Operations against Darknet Marketplaces by Governments作者 王灝元
Wang, Hao-Yuan貢獻者 薛健吾<br>陳秉逵
Hsueh, Chien-Wu<br>Chen, Ping-Kuei
王灝元
Wang, Hao-Yuan關鍵詞 非傳統安全
暗網
暗網交易市場
暗網打擊行動
國際合作理論
新自由制度主義
霸權穩定論
non-traditional security
Darknet
Darknet marketplaces
Darknet operations
international cooperation theories
neoliberal institutionalism
hegemonic stability theory日期 2019 上傳時間 3-Jan-2020 16:00:02 (UTC+8) 摘要 暗網作為一個能提供用戶匿名與隱私的特殊網路空間，存在著許多交易市場網站，進行以毒品與詐欺等多種非法物品與服務的跨國交易。針對暗網市場所帶來的挑戰，本研究討論以下三個議題:一為暗網交易市場網站所帶給當今國家的非傳統安全意義，二為國家能夠成功打擊暗網交易市場的原因，三為各國際合作理論中何者更能符合國家打擊暗網交易市場經驗。本研究分別有以下發現:第一，暗網交易市場綜合洋蔥路由暗網(The Onion Router)本身的加密與中繼連線機制以及市場網站所採用之交易與安全機制，驅動暗網上不法交易成長，進而對國家社會與經濟層面造成衝擊，成為非傳統安全威脅來源之一。第二，在成功打擊行動分析與比較上，國家依循著獲知市場負責人真實身分以及網站伺服器位址兩種途徑，並主要仰賴人為操作疏失或漏洞等機緣來獲得線索。第三，在理論適用方面，打擊行動經驗除了與新自由制度主義理論觀點相符外，更因為有美國執法機關關鍵性的技術資源投入，使霸權穩定論得以與新自由制度主義兼容並蓄。本研究因此認為，在新興的資訊議題上，「科技力」能補充過去霸權穩定論較為重視的經濟與軍事力量，成為未來相關學者所需重視的權力型態。
As a cyberspace that provides anonymity and privacy, Darknet enables worldwide transactions of various illicit goods and services, particularly drugs and fraud, to flourish on the marketplace websites. In response to the challenges brought by Darknet marketplaces, this thesis aims to explore the following issues: (1) the non-traditional security threat implication of Darknet marketplaces, (2) the success factors in past operations against Darknet marketplaces, (3) to find out which international cooperation theory best matches the experiences of past operations against Darknet marketplaces. The findings are as follows: (1) The Onion Router’s employment of encryption and relays, combined with the transaction and security mechanisms of marketplace websites, are the drives behind the growing illicit transactions on Darknet. (2) In terms of the success factors, the operations against Darknet marketplaces mainly rely upon the element of opportunities, such as ineffective operational security and vulnerabilities. (3) On theory application, the experiences of the examined operations are overall consistent with the perspective of neoliberal institutionalism. More importantly, this thesis also recognizes the critical input of technological resources from the USA law enforcement agencies in these operations, which is strongly supported by the hegemonic stability theory, thus indicating a harmony with neoliberal institutionalism. This study, therefore, suggests that in the face of emerging technology issues, the “technological power” should be a form of power worthy of future security studies’ attention that complements the hegemonic stability theory’s existing emphasis on economic and military powers.參考文獻 外文部分Acharya, A. (2001). 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國立政治大學
外交學系
104253014資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1042530146 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 薛健吾<br>陳秉逵 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Hsueh, Chien-Wu<br>Chen, Ping-Kuei en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 王灝元 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wang, Hao-Yuan en_US dc.creator (作者) 王灝元 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Wang, Hao-Yuan en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 3-Jan-2020 16:00:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 3-Jan-2020 16:00:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Jan-2020 16:00:02 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1042530146 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/128137 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 外交學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104253014 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 暗網作為一個能提供用戶匿名與隱私的特殊網路空間，存在著許多交易市場網站，進行以毒品與詐欺等多種非法物品與服務的跨國交易。針對暗網市場所帶來的挑戰，本研究討論以下三個議題:一為暗網交易市場網站所帶給當今國家的非傳統安全意義，二為國家能夠成功打擊暗網交易市場的原因，三為各國際合作理論中何者更能符合國家打擊暗網交易市場經驗。本研究分別有以下發現:第一，暗網交易市場綜合洋蔥路由暗網(The Onion Router)本身的加密與中繼連線機制以及市場網站所採用之交易與安全機制，驅動暗網上不法交易成長，進而對國家社會與經濟層面造成衝擊，成為非傳統安全威脅來源之一。第二，在成功打擊行動分析與比較上，國家依循著獲知市場負責人真實身分以及網站伺服器位址兩種途徑，並主要仰賴人為操作疏失或漏洞等機緣來獲得線索。第三，在理論適用方面，打擊行動經驗除了與新自由制度主義理論觀點相符外，更因為有美國執法機關關鍵性的技術資源投入，使霸權穩定論得以與新自由制度主義兼容並蓄。本研究因此認為，在新興的資訊議題上，「科技力」能補充過去霸權穩定論較為重視的經濟與軍事力量，成為未來相關學者所需重視的權力型態。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) As a cyberspace that provides anonymity and privacy, Darknet enables worldwide transactions of various illicit goods and services, particularly drugs and fraud, to flourish on the marketplace websites. In response to the challenges brought by Darknet marketplaces, this thesis aims to explore the following issues: (1) the non-traditional security threat implication of Darknet marketplaces, (2) the success factors in past operations against Darknet marketplaces, (3) to find out which international cooperation theory best matches the experiences of past operations against Darknet marketplaces. The findings are as follows: (1) The Onion Router’s employment of encryption and relays, combined with the transaction and security mechanisms of marketplace websites, are the drives behind the growing illicit transactions on Darknet. (2) In terms of the success factors, the operations against Darknet marketplaces mainly rely upon the element of opportunities, such as ineffective operational security and vulnerabilities. (3) On theory application, the experiences of the examined operations are overall consistent with the perspective of neoliberal institutionalism. More importantly, this thesis also recognizes the critical input of technological resources from the USA law enforcement agencies in these operations, which is strongly supported by the hegemonic stability theory, thus indicating a harmony with neoliberal institutionalism. This study, therefore, suggests that in the face of emerging technology issues, the “technological power” should be a form of power worthy of future security studies’ attention that complements the hegemonic stability theory’s existing emphasis on economic and military powers. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論------------------------第一節 研究背景、動機與問題 1背景 1動機 1研究問題 7第二節 文獻回顧與探討 8一、非傳統安全、網路空間安全、暗網安全研究 9(一) 非傳統安全研究 9(二) 網路空間安全 14(三) 暗網安全研究 20二、各種國際合作理論的觀點 24第三節 研究設計與方法 27第四節 研究範圍與限制 36第五節 論文章節架構 37第二章 暗網與其生態------------------------第一節 暗網本質－論洋蔥路由 39洋蔥路由歷史 41洋蔥路由運作原理 41洋蔥路由隱藏服務 45洋蔥路由特性 48第二節 隱藏服務生態 49第三節 本章小節 54第三章 暗網交易市場的非傳統安全威脅------------------------第一節 交易市場之交易物類型 55第二節 交易市場之機制 59「絲綢之路3.1」之機制 59「帝國市場」之機制 60第三節 暗網交易市場作為非傳統安全威脅之建構 61毒品 62詐欺 64暗網以及暗網交易市場 64第四節 小節 65第四章 暗網交易市場打擊行動------------------------第一節 亞當彈行動 67行動背景 67行動內涵 68行動結果 70第二節 馬可波羅行動 70行動背景 71行動內涵 72行動結果 75第三節 去匿名化行動 76行動背景 76行動內涵 79行動結果 82第四節 刺刀行動 84行動背景 85行動內涵 86行動結果 90第五節 WSM/Valhalla 91行動背景 91行動內涵 92行動結果 94第六節 本章小結 96第五章結論:打擊行動分析與合作理論驗證------------------------第一節 打擊行動分析 101一、2012年的「亞當彈行動」 101二、2013年的「馬可波羅行動」 101三、2014年的「去匿名化行動」 103四、2017年的「刺刀行動」 104五、2019年的WSM/Valhalla 106六、行動分析總結與發現 108第二節 國際合作理論檢視 110名詞解釋 113參考文獻 117 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2539060 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1042530146 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 非傳統安全 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 暗網 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 暗網交易市場 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 暗網打擊行動 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際合作理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新自由制度主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 霸權穩定論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) non-traditional security en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Darknet en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Darknet marketplaces en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Darknet operations en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) international cooperation theories en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) neoliberal institutionalism en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) hegemonic stability theory en_US dc.title (題名) 非傳統安全觀點下之暗網市場初探:以五個主要成功打擊暗網交易市場之各國政府行動為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) An Exploratory Research of Darknet Marketplaces under the Non-Traditional Security Scope: An Example of Five Major Successful Operations against Darknet Marketplaces by Governments en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 外文部分Acharya, A. 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