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題名 「時間銀行」企業商業模式之研究 -以A公司為例
A Research On Business Model Of Time Banking – Taking A Company as an Example
作者 許雅惠
Hsu, Ya-Hui
貢獻者 詹文男
許雅惠
Hsu, Ya-Hui
關鍵詞 時間銀行
替代貨幣
社區互助
服務交換
社會資本
企業社會責任
資源重組
認知轉移
資源價值
資源相依
社會網絡
Time banking
currency substitution
Community Oriented Mutual
Service exchange
Social Capital
Corporate Social Responsibility
Enterprises Resources Reorganization
Resources Reorganization
Cognitive transfer
Resource value
Resource dependence
Social network
日期 2019
上傳時間 5-Feb-2020 17:38:33 (UTC+8)
摘要 時間 — 是每個人身上都有的資源,如果有一天,像電影「鐘點戰」中,為了解決人口過多的問題,將時間轉換成貨幣,可以用在日常開銷,並在人與人間作流轉交換,所有的角色在有限時間裡尋找新的生命,每天必須拼命的與時間賽跑,那該是怎樣的景況? 如今,這樣看似電影裡的情節,確在淺移默化中真實地走入日常生活,不同的是,時間不再追逐,而是結合了「互助互惠、永續發展」的概念。本文將檢視一家本業為短期居家照護的電商媒合平台,面對大環境的制約時,如何運用本業的優勢及技術,結合由來已久未持續推動的時間銀行概念,並佐以科技的外衣,重新活化建構資源,進而演化為商業營運模式,形成有別以往的「非典型時間銀行」。

1995年時間銀行制度開始在臺灣展開,也經歷20多餘年發展,發現在傳統時間銀行中,普遍分佈在小型社群,彼此運用互信的換工模式單向服務,且多為「儲存」而少量「提領」,在無資訊化媒合系統來擴大交換區域範圍,且多使用人為的手寫及媒合,加上只存不用的文化差異,甚至政府法令制約存在的「志願服務法」強調只求付出不求回報等因素,致使時間銀行遲遲無法有效推廣流通,並難以有效發揮互助效益。

本研究探討如何運用商業模式將資源重組,運用原有的資源展延及認知的轉移,由技術中介從社會網絡中找到結構洞,繼而找到關係連結,並透由創意的轉換與重組,改變原有資源的價值。學理上,本研究分析資源性質的改變,從而影響到資源的價值轉換過程分析,並將無形資源有形化的商業模式,以本研究A公司為案例,探討「非典型時間銀行」為核心,運用區塊鏈技術,結合專業的照護師資,導入非營利組織機構及企業在職志工的場域當中,除解釋創業者如何以既有的資源結合大環境機會識別的做法,促成資源流動與轉換資源的新樣貌,同時解析當企業能夠辨識雙方資源的相依性時,便能解讀重組資源的潛力,找出轉換資源的各種契機的探討,最後協助社會網絡並活絡閒置時間成為有用的社會價值,作為後續的商業模式建議及研究參考。
Everyone has time.What if one day like in the movie "In Time", we decide to take care of the issue of overpopulation by converting time into currency by using it for daily expenses and to exchange it between people?What if everyone was in a race against time, and had limited time to extend their life span? What kind of situation would result from this?If today`s situation was like this movie and embedded into our daily lives, and time is no longer pursued but the concept of(mutual reciprocity and sustainable development) is combined.This article will examine an e-commerce matchmaking platform that is a short term home care provider digital platform. In the face of the this world`s constraints, how do we use the advantages and technology of the industry, combined with the long standing concept of time banking, and rereactivated under the cloak of technology? The allocation of resources has evolved into a business operation model, forming an "atypical time bank" that is different from the past.

In 1995, Taiwan began to promote the time banking system. After more than 20 years of development, it was found that traditional time banks are widely distributed in small communities, and each one uses a mutual trust function of a one way service. Most of them are "stored" in a small amount in the absence of an information based mediation system to expand the scope of the exchange. The use of handwriting and cultural differences, and even the existence of government laws and regulations, the resource service law emphasizes only paying factors such as not asking for favors in return have made it impossible for time banks to promote effective mutual benefits.

This study explores how to use business models to reorganize resources, use existing resource extensions and recognized transfer, to find holes via social networks, and then find links to relationships. In theory, this study analyzes the changes in the nature of resources, thus affecting the analysis of the transfer process of resource, and tangible business models of intangible resources. Taking this research as a new venture, the typical time bank is the core, the applications area blockchain technology, combined with professional care teachers, as introduced into the field of non-profit organizations and in-service volunteers. In addition to explaining how entrepreneurs can combine existing environmental resources with existing resources, it will promote new resources for resource flows and resource conversion. At the same time, when the enterprise can identify the dependence of the resources of the two parties, it can interpret the potential of the reorganized resources, find out the various opportunities to transform the resources, and finally assist the social network and utilize that time to bring value to the society as a follow-up business model recommendation and as a point for research.
參考文獻 中文文獻
中華民國勞動資訊網,公佈時薪,2019.8,檢自: https://www.mol.gov.tw/

中華民國衛生福利部,2017。《老人照顧調查報告-照顧長輩女性佔比》。衛福部

台灣內政部,65歲以上人口佔比,2018.4,檢自: https://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.aspx

台灣內政部統計處,2019。「107年簡易生命表」,年刊32期,P1~P334

台灣證交所,公司申報CSR報告書統計,2018.12.30,
檢自:
https://cgc.twse.com.tw/pressReleases/promoteNewsArticleCh/2953

行政院性別統計資料庫,志願服務人數,2019.11,
檢:https://www.gender.ey.gov.tw/gecdb/Stat_Statistics_Info.aspx

弘道老人福利基金會,2010.06.08,檢自http://www.hondao.org.tw

吳明儒,(2011)。社區換工的實踐理念與經驗反思。社區發展季刊,154期,P1~P256。

林依瑩,(1997)。居家老人間歇照護支持性方案─人力時間銀行。未出版,國立中正大學社會福利學系碩士論文。

林旗德,(2009)。三明治世代家人照顧壓力與幸福感之相關研究(Sandwich Generation)。台南應用科技大學應用科學碩士班論文。

美國東北大學政治學教授Daniel P.Aldrich (2012)。Social Capital Post-Disaster Recovery社會資本概述。

徐明星;劉勇;段新星;郭大治,(2016.12)。區塊鏈革命-中介消失的未來,改寫商業規則,興起社會變革,經濟大洗牌。遠足文化 ISBN:978-93921-1-2。

陳權榮,(2011)。我國推動時間銀行現況與困境之研究- 創新擴散觀點。銘傳大學公共事務學系在職專班碩士論文。

張亦孜,(2009)。互惠與分享之關聯性研究-探討非營利組織之志工加入時間銀行之意
願致理技術學院服務業經營管理研究所碩士論文。

張凱茹製圖,商業模型圖,2013.2.7,
檢自:https://www.managertoday.com.tw/articles/view/29827。
劉宏鈺、吳明儒,(2014);賴兩陽,(2011 ),Molnar,(2011)。時間銀行概述。
聯合國,全世界人口展望修訂版「針對人口老齡化分析數據」,2019,
檢自: https://population.un.org/wpp2019/。
IEK產業情報網 (2019.5.21 )。全球數位經濟產值GDP。

英文文獻
Alexander Osterwalder;Yves Pigneur,(2012),Value Proposition Design Book獲利世代。台北:早安財經文化。
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Lounsbury & Glynn, 2001; Zott & Huy, 2007
Daniel P.Aldrich,(2012).Building Resilience : Social Capital in Post-Disaster Recovery.
Edgar S.Cahn (2004),「No More Throw-Away People Book」,UK,Published by : Essential Books.
Ellis, 2006 club sandwich
Gilbert, N., & Terrell, P. (2010). A framework of welfare policy analysis dimensions of social
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Held, D. & McGrew, A. (1999). Globalization. Global Governance, 5:495.
Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, D., & Perraton, J. (1999). Global transformations: Politics
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Porter, ME (1980) Competitive Strategy , Free Press, New York, 1980.
Rogers,E.M.(1995). Diffusion of innovation(4th Ed.). New York: The Free Press.
Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs.https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300
Social Return on Investment SROI,from:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_return_on_investment
Tim Brown,(2009)。Change by Design。Cambridge: Policy Press.
The John Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, 2004 economics and culture.
welfare policy (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
105932062
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105932062
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 詹文男zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 許雅惠zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsu, Ya-Huien_US
dc.creator (作者) 許雅惠zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hsu, Ya-Huien_US
dc.date (日期) 2019en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Feb-2020 17:38:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Feb-2020 17:38:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Feb-2020 17:38:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105932062en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/128573-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105932062zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 時間 — 是每個人身上都有的資源,如果有一天,像電影「鐘點戰」中,為了解決人口過多的問題,將時間轉換成貨幣,可以用在日常開銷,並在人與人間作流轉交換,所有的角色在有限時間裡尋找新的生命,每天必須拼命的與時間賽跑,那該是怎樣的景況? 如今,這樣看似電影裡的情節,確在淺移默化中真實地走入日常生活,不同的是,時間不再追逐,而是結合了「互助互惠、永續發展」的概念。本文將檢視一家本業為短期居家照護的電商媒合平台,面對大環境的制約時,如何運用本業的優勢及技術,結合由來已久未持續推動的時間銀行概念,並佐以科技的外衣,重新活化建構資源,進而演化為商業營運模式,形成有別以往的「非典型時間銀行」。

1995年時間銀行制度開始在臺灣展開,也經歷20多餘年發展,發現在傳統時間銀行中,普遍分佈在小型社群,彼此運用互信的換工模式單向服務,且多為「儲存」而少量「提領」,在無資訊化媒合系統來擴大交換區域範圍,且多使用人為的手寫及媒合,加上只存不用的文化差異,甚至政府法令制約存在的「志願服務法」強調只求付出不求回報等因素,致使時間銀行遲遲無法有效推廣流通,並難以有效發揮互助效益。

本研究探討如何運用商業模式將資源重組,運用原有的資源展延及認知的轉移,由技術中介從社會網絡中找到結構洞,繼而找到關係連結,並透由創意的轉換與重組,改變原有資源的價值。學理上,本研究分析資源性質的改變,從而影響到資源的價值轉換過程分析,並將無形資源有形化的商業模式,以本研究A公司為案例,探討「非典型時間銀行」為核心,運用區塊鏈技術,結合專業的照護師資,導入非營利組織機構及企業在職志工的場域當中,除解釋創業者如何以既有的資源結合大環境機會識別的做法,促成資源流動與轉換資源的新樣貌,同時解析當企業能夠辨識雙方資源的相依性時,便能解讀重組資源的潛力,找出轉換資源的各種契機的探討,最後協助社會網絡並活絡閒置時間成為有用的社會價值,作為後續的商業模式建議及研究參考。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Everyone has time.What if one day like in the movie "In Time", we decide to take care of the issue of overpopulation by converting time into currency by using it for daily expenses and to exchange it between people?What if everyone was in a race against time, and had limited time to extend their life span? What kind of situation would result from this?If today`s situation was like this movie and embedded into our daily lives, and time is no longer pursued but the concept of(mutual reciprocity and sustainable development) is combined.This article will examine an e-commerce matchmaking platform that is a short term home care provider digital platform. In the face of the this world`s constraints, how do we use the advantages and technology of the industry, combined with the long standing concept of time banking, and rereactivated under the cloak of technology? The allocation of resources has evolved into a business operation model, forming an "atypical time bank" that is different from the past.

In 1995, Taiwan began to promote the time banking system. After more than 20 years of development, it was found that traditional time banks are widely distributed in small communities, and each one uses a mutual trust function of a one way service. Most of them are "stored" in a small amount in the absence of an information based mediation system to expand the scope of the exchange. The use of handwriting and cultural differences, and even the existence of government laws and regulations, the resource service law emphasizes only paying factors such as not asking for favors in return have made it impossible for time banks to promote effective mutual benefits.

This study explores how to use business models to reorganize resources, use existing resource extensions and recognized transfer, to find holes via social networks, and then find links to relationships. In theory, this study analyzes the changes in the nature of resources, thus affecting the analysis of the transfer process of resource, and tangible business models of intangible resources. Taking this research as a new venture, the typical time bank is the core, the applications area blockchain technology, combined with professional care teachers, as introduced into the field of non-profit organizations and in-service volunteers. In addition to explaining how entrepreneurs can combine existing environmental resources with existing resources, it will promote new resources for resource flows and resource conversion. At the same time, when the enterprise can identify the dependence of the resources of the two parties, it can interpret the potential of the reorganized resources, find out the various opportunities to transform the resources, and finally assist the social network and utilize that time to bring value to the society as a follow-up business model recommendation and as a point for research.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 致謝詞 II
中文摘要 III
英文摘要 IV
表次 VII
圖次 VIII
第一章、緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 2
第二節 研究目的 7
第三節 名詞釋義 8
第四節 研究範圍 9
第五節 論文章節架構與流程 10
第二章、文獻探討 12
第一節 台灣大環境脈絡及志工經濟崛起 13
第二節 台灣時間銀行發展歷程 15
第三節 國外時間銀行的借鏡 17
第四節 時間銀行市場分析 21
第五節 個案資源分析 22
第六節 商業模式分析 23
第三章、研究方法 31
第一節 研究架構 31
第二節 研究構念 32
第三節 研究設計 35
第四節 研究工具 36
第五節 研究對象 37
第六節 資料蒐集 38
第四章、研究結果 39
第一節 個案分析 39
第二節 研究發現 48
第五章、結論與建議 64
第一節 結論 64
第二節 建議 69
第三節 研究限制 73

參考文獻 74
中文文獻 74
英文文獻 75

附錄 76
附錄一 76
附錄二 84
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4249437 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105932062en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 時間銀行zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 替代貨幣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社區互助zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 服務交換zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會資本zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業社會責任zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資源重組zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 認知轉移zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資源價值zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資源相依zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會網絡zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Time bankingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) currency substitutionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Community Oriented Mutualen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Service exchangeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Capitalen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Corporate Social Responsibilityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Enterprises Resources Reorganizationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Resources Reorganizationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cognitive transferen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Resource valueen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Resource dependenceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social networken_US
dc.title (題名) 「時間銀行」企業商業模式之研究 -以A公司為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Research On Business Model Of Time Banking – Taking A Company as an Exampleen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文文獻
中華民國勞動資訊網,公佈時薪,2019.8,檢自: https://www.mol.gov.tw/

中華民國衛生福利部,2017。《老人照顧調查報告-照顧長輩女性佔比》。衛福部

台灣內政部,65歲以上人口佔比,2018.4,檢自: https://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.aspx

台灣內政部統計處,2019。「107年簡易生命表」,年刊32期,P1~P334

台灣證交所,公司申報CSR報告書統計,2018.12.30,
檢自:
https://cgc.twse.com.tw/pressReleases/promoteNewsArticleCh/2953

行政院性別統計資料庫,志願服務人數,2019.11,
檢:https://www.gender.ey.gov.tw/gecdb/Stat_Statistics_Info.aspx

弘道老人福利基金會,2010.06.08,檢自http://www.hondao.org.tw

吳明儒,(2011)。社區換工的實踐理念與經驗反思。社區發展季刊,154期,P1~P256。

林依瑩,(1997)。居家老人間歇照護支持性方案─人力時間銀行。未出版,國立中正大學社會福利學系碩士論文。

林旗德,(2009)。三明治世代家人照顧壓力與幸福感之相關研究(Sandwich Generation)。台南應用科技大學應用科學碩士班論文。

美國東北大學政治學教授Daniel P.Aldrich (2012)。Social Capital Post-Disaster Recovery社會資本概述。

徐明星;劉勇;段新星;郭大治,(2016.12)。區塊鏈革命-中介消失的未來,改寫商業規則,興起社會變革,經濟大洗牌。遠足文化 ISBN:978-93921-1-2。

陳權榮,(2011)。我國推動時間銀行現況與困境之研究- 創新擴散觀點。銘傳大學公共事務學系在職專班碩士論文。

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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202000009en_US