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題名 用戶創作內容線上分享平台之著作權責任 ──── 歐盟數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之研究
Copyright Responsibility of User-generated Content Online Service Providers － Study on Article 17 of EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market
作者 程之涵
Cheng, Chih-Han
貢獻者 宋皇志
Sung, Huang-Chih
程之涵
Cheng, Chih-Han
關鍵詞 價值差距
數位單一市場著作權指令
篩選器
線上內容分享服務提供者
向公眾傳播權
Value gap
Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market
Filter
Online content sharing service providers(OCSSP)
The right of communication to the public
日期 2020
上傳時間 2-Mar-2020 11:36:03 (UTC+8)
摘要 過去歐盟為推廣電子商務發展，向單純連線、快速存取、資訊儲存服務之資訊社會服務提供者，提供一個責任責任避風港，使其免於為未能知悉或未能控制之資訊負責。隨著科技的發展，這些適用於責任避風港制度之服務提供者，逐漸發展出新的商業模式，藉由免費提供公眾管道接觸服務使用者上傳之內容，增加使用者數量，以吸引企業投放廣告賺取收益。由於服務提供者聲稱享有責任避風港條款的保護，造成即使利用權利人之著作或其他標的，卻不用向權利人支付任何報酬，此服務提供者與權利人利益分配不均的現象稱為「價值差距」。
歐洲執委會為因應數位環境變遷，導致的價值差距問題，鼓吹數位單一市場著作權指令的立法。本文欲了解充滿爭議的第17條背後的立法考量，自適用對象、法定合作、監管措施等面向，將歐洲執委會、歐盟理事會、歐洲議會提出之指令提案版本，以及最終通過之版本，進行四方比較。
本文認為數位單一市場著作權指令第17條，使用既簡潔又直接的手段，欲達成其立法目的。但該條文雖要求線上內容分享服務提供者，必須負擔直接侵權責任，卻未能顧及對現有網路環境造成的不利影響。而對權利人而言，法定合作的規定，雖未必能達到確保其獲得數位權利金收入之目的，但至少開啟了權利人與服務提供者對話的窗口。本文討論數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之優點及缺點，並提出如何改善其缺點之意見，向我國內容創作產業參與者建議利用著作與管理之策略，以期其面對價值差距問題時有可參考及解決之作法。
For the purpose of encouraging the development of e-commerce, the e-commerce Directive established a liability exemption for service providers that provides mere conduit, caching, or hosting service. In light of the development of technology, internet service providers are offering new types of business models. They attracted traffics by making copyright-protected material or other subject-matter available on their services and are able to gain revenue from advertisers, based on the number of viewers of their services. By claiming they have immunity provided by safe harbor provisions, internet service providers refuse to pay any revenue to right holders for the use and enjoyment of the work. This kind of situation has come to be known as the ‘value gap’.
In order to address the value gap problem, European Commission releases its new Proposal for a Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market. This study will analyse different positions of the European Commission, the European Parliament, the European Council, and the final Directive from different aspects including targeted services, authorising obligation, and regulatory mechanism.
This study considers the European Union tries to close the value gap in a simple way. Although the Directive orders online content service providers directly liable for copyright infringement, it lacks consideration of the impact on current internet environment. As for authorising obligation, there is no promise that such obligation can guarantee increase in right holders’ digital royalty payouts, yet it provides a window of opportunity for right holders and service providers to start a conversation. After looking into the pros and cons of the Directive, this study will give suggestions on the use of copyright-protected work and management strategy for Taiwanese creative content industry players for them to deal with the value gap problem more properly.
參考文獻 一、中文參考資料
張懿云、陳思廷、姚信安，國際著作權立法新思潮之研究—美國及歐盟研究報告，經濟部智慧財產局，2015年。
馮震宇（2001），〈WIPO 著作權相關條約規範內容與其爭議問題之探討（上）〉，《智慧財產權》，11 卷 35 期 ，頁 57-75。
維基百科，BitTorrent，https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent_(協定)

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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
106364219
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106364219
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 宋皇志zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Sung, Huang-Chihen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 程之涵zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Cheng, Chih-Hanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 程之涵zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Chih-Hanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2020en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Mar-2020 11:36:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Mar-2020 11:36:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Mar-2020 11:36:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106364219en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/128982-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理與智慧財產研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106364219zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 過去歐盟為推廣電子商務發展，向單純連線、快速存取、資訊儲存服務之資訊社會服務提供者，提供一個責任責任避風港，使其免於為未能知悉或未能控制之資訊負責。隨著科技的發展，這些適用於責任避風港制度之服務提供者，逐漸發展出新的商業模式，藉由免費提供公眾管道接觸服務使用者上傳之內容，增加使用者數量，以吸引企業投放廣告賺取收益。由於服務提供者聲稱享有責任避風港條款的保護，造成即使利用權利人之著作或其他標的，卻不用向權利人支付任何報酬，此服務提供者與權利人利益分配不均的現象稱為「價值差距」。
歐洲執委會為因應數位環境變遷，導致的價值差距問題，鼓吹數位單一市場著作權指令的立法。本文欲了解充滿爭議的第17條背後的立法考量，自適用對象、法定合作、監管措施等面向，將歐洲執委會、歐盟理事會、歐洲議會提出之指令提案版本，以及最終通過之版本，進行四方比較。
本文認為數位單一市場著作權指令第17條，使用既簡潔又直接的手段，欲達成其立法目的。但該條文雖要求線上內容分享服務提供者，必須負擔直接侵權責任，卻未能顧及對現有網路環境造成的不利影響。而對權利人而言，法定合作的規定，雖未必能達到確保其獲得數位權利金收入之目的，但至少開啟了權利人與服務提供者對話的窗口。本文討論數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之優點及缺點，並提出如何改善其缺點之意見，向我國內容創作產業參與者建議利用著作與管理之策略，以期其面對價值差距問題時有可參考及解決之作法。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) For the purpose of encouraging the development of e-commerce, the e-commerce Directive established a liability exemption for service providers that provides mere conduit, caching, or hosting service. In light of the development of technology, internet service providers are offering new types of business models. They attracted traffics by making copyright-protected material or other subject-matter available on their services and are able to gain revenue from advertisers, based on the number of viewers of their services. By claiming they have immunity provided by safe harbor provisions, internet service providers refuse to pay any revenue to right holders for the use and enjoyment of the work. This kind of situation has come to be known as the ‘value gap’.
In order to address the value gap problem, European Commission releases its new Proposal for a Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market. This study will analyse different positions of the European Commission, the European Parliament, the European Council, and the final Directive from different aspects including targeted services, authorising obligation, and regulatory mechanism.
This study considers the European Union tries to close the value gap in a simple way. Although the Directive orders online content service providers directly liable for copyright infringement, it lacks consideration of the impact on current internet environment. As for authorising obligation, there is no promise that such obligation can guarantee increase in right holders’ digital royalty payouts, yet it provides a window of opportunity for right holders and service providers to start a conversation. After looking into the pros and cons of the Directive, this study will give suggestions on the use of copyright-protected work and management strategy for Taiwanese creative content industry players for them to deal with the value gap problem more properly.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第一項 研究背景 1
第二項 研究動機 2
第二節 研究範圍與限制 2
第一項 研究範圍 2
第二項 研究限制 3
第三節 研究架構與方法 4
第一項 研究架構 4
第二項 研究方法 5

第二章 歐盟實施數位單一市場著作權指令前對網路服務提供者之著作權責任規範 6
第一節 電子商務指令 6
第一項 立法目的 6
第二項 適用對象 8
第三項 免責事由—責任避風港條款 8
第一款 單純連線服務 9
第二款 快速存取服務 10
第三款 資訊儲存服務 11
第四款 中立或積極的角色 12
第四項 無全面監控義務 13
第二節 資訊社會指令 14
第一項 立法目的 14
第二項 公開傳播權 15
第一款 新公眾 16
第二款 實際知悉 18
第三款 一般知悉與間接因果關係 20
第四款 小結 22
第三節 智慧財產權執行指令 22
第一項 立法目的 22
第二項 禁制令 23

第三章 數位單一市場著作權指令之立法沿革 25
第一節 立法背景 25
第一項 數位單一市場策略 25
第二項 數位內容市場參與者之立場 26
第一款 智慧財產權權利人 26
第二款 網路服務提供者與網路使用者 26
第三項 政策通知與諮詢 28
第一款 通知書 — 邁向現代，更加歐洲化的著作權架構 28
第二款 公眾諮詢書 — 關於平台、線上中介服務提供者、數據與雲端運算、共享經濟的監管環境 29
第三款 公眾諮詢書 — 智慧財產權執行制度之評估與現代化 30
第四款 通知書 — 歐洲線上平台及數位單一市場策略之機會與挑戰 31
第二節 歐盟立法程序 33
第一項 執委會提案 34
第一款 適用對象 35
第二款 法定合作與監管措施 36
第三款 是否擴張責任之爭議 37
第二項 理事會提案 39
第一款 適用對象 40
第二款 法定合作與監管措施 41
第三項 議會提案 43
第一款 適用對象 44
第二款 法定合作 44
第三款 與基本權利之互動 45

第四章 數位單一市場著作權指令對歐盟網路服務提供者之著作權規範 47
第一節 適用對象與基本義務 47
第一項 適用對象 47
第二項 基本義務 49
第一款 「新」向公眾傳播權 49
第二款 取得授權 50
第三項 與電子商務指令第14條的互動 52
第二節 監管措施 53
第一項 通知壓制與申訴補救機制 53
第一款 通知壓制 53
第二款 申訴補救機制 56
第二項 對新進線上內容分享服務提供者之優待條款 56
第三項 與電子商務指令第15條的互動 57
第四項 與禁制令及基本權利之互動 59
第五項 資訊社會指令第5條即將面對的挑戰 61
第三節 對歐盟內容創作產業之綜合評析 62
第四節 我國內容創作產業可參考之作法 63
第一項 內容分享平台 64
第二項 權利人 66
第三項 內容分享服務使用者 66

第五章 結論 68
第一節 網路服務提供者責任變化的前因後果 68
第二節 立法目的之達成與對市場參與者之影響 71
第三節 對我國內容創作產業市場參與者之建議 72

參考資料 73		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1103939 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106364219en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 價值差距zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位單一市場著作權指令zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 篩選器zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 線上內容分享服務提供者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 向公眾傳播權zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Value gapen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Marketen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Filteren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Online content sharing service providers(OCSSP)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) The right of communication to the publicen_US
dc.title (題名) 用戶創作內容線上分享平台之著作權責任 ──── 歐盟數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Copyright Responsibility of User-generated Content Online Service Providers － Study on Article 17 of EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Marketen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文參考資料
張懿云、陳思廷、姚信安，國際著作權立法新思潮之研究—美國及歐盟研究報告，經濟部智慧財產局，2015年。
馮震宇（2001），〈WIPO 著作權相關條約規範內容與其爭議問題之探討（上）〉，《智慧財產權》，11 卷 35 期 ，頁 57-75。
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202000213en_US