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題名 政治新聞的真與假 : 閱聽人對真實的理解與辨偽
Why the political news is not the truth.作者 黃馨儀
Huang, Hsin-Yi貢獻者 蘇蘅
黃馨儀
Huang,Hsin-Yi關鍵詞 假新聞
閱聽人
事實查核
社群媒體
媒體素養
政黨立場
fake news
fact-checking
social media
media literacy
party tendency日期 2020 上傳時間 2-Mar-2020 11:42:19 (UTC+8) 摘要 當政治假新聞成為全球議題，面臨2020年總統大選的台灣，同樣受到來自內外的資訊侵略，閱聽人在立場與訊息多元的社群媒體上，是否具有判斷資訊真偽的能力，抑或成為成為假新聞無形散播的推手。本研究透過「社群媒體政治性使用動機」、「媒體素養」、「政黨立場」、「政治資訊辨偽動機」等因素，試討論上述因素如何影響閱聽人的查核行為。 本研究透過網路問卷（N=415），「社群媒體政治性使用動機」方面，不論是資訊蒐集動機、人際互動動機均與查核行為呈正相關。「媒體素養」程度與查核行為呈正相關。「政黨立場」以台灣民眾黨的支持者，其查核行為程度最高；國民黨的支持者最低。「政治資訊辨偽動機」中，研究發現閱聽人較高頻率地瀏覽與自己立場相同的對象貼文，然而卻對立場相左的對象貼文具有較高的查核動機，而辨偽動機與查核行為同樣呈現正相關。 學界過去較少探索閱聽人與假新聞間的聯繫，希望透過本研究探索哪些因素影響閱聽人判斷政治資訊的真偽，對未來假新聞研究與實務選舉有所貢獻。
Social media has had a huge impact on politics by shaping public discourse and revamping civic engagement. Taiwan will hold its presidential election in 2020. However, Taiwan has one of the worst disinformation problems in the world and has to combat the spread of fake news and disinformation ahead of the 2020 election. In order to know how people would have the ability to do fact-checking or not, this study conducts an online questionnaire of 415 Taiwanese respondents to explore which factor can influence behavior of fact-checking. Results of this survey show that the motivation of information-collection and interpersonal interaction has positive correlation with the behavior of fact-checking. In addition, media literacy also has positive correlation with the motivation and behavior for fact-checking. 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國立政治大學
傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程
105464004資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1054640041 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蘇蘅 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃馨儀 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang,Hsin-Yi en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃馨儀 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Hsin-Yi en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Mar-2020 11:42:19 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Mar-2020 11:42:19 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Mar-2020 11:42:19 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1054640041 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/129015 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 105464004 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 當政治假新聞成為全球議題，面臨2020年總統大選的台灣，同樣受到來自內外的資訊侵略，閱聽人在立場與訊息多元的社群媒體上，是否具有判斷資訊真偽的能力，抑或成為成為假新聞無形散播的推手。本研究透過「社群媒體政治性使用動機」、「媒體素養」、「政黨立場」、「政治資訊辨偽動機」等因素，試討論上述因素如何影響閱聽人的查核行為。 本研究透過網路問卷（N=415），「社群媒體政治性使用動機」方面，不論是資訊蒐集動機、人際互動動機均與查核行為呈正相關。「媒體素養」程度與查核行為呈正相關。「政黨立場」以台灣民眾黨的支持者，其查核行為程度最高；國民黨的支持者最低。「政治資訊辨偽動機」中，研究發現閱聽人較高頻率地瀏覽與自己立場相同的對象貼文，然而卻對立場相左的對象貼文具有較高的查核動機，而辨偽動機與查核行為同樣呈現正相關。 學界過去較少探索閱聽人與假新聞間的聯繫，希望透過本研究探索哪些因素影響閱聽人判斷政治資訊的真偽，對未來假新聞研究與實務選舉有所貢獻。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Social media has had a huge impact on politics by shaping public discourse and revamping civic engagement. Taiwan will hold its presidential election in 2020. However, Taiwan has one of the worst disinformation problems in the world and has to combat the spread of fake news and disinformation ahead of the 2020 election. In order to know how people would have the ability to do fact-checking or not, this study conducts an online questionnaire of 415 Taiwanese respondents to explore which factor can influence behavior of fact-checking. Results of this survey show that the motivation of information-collection and interpersonal interaction has positive correlation with the behavior of fact-checking. In addition, media literacy also has positive correlation with the motivation and behavior for fact-checking. On Party tendency, the supporters of Taiwan People`s Party have the strongest motivation for fact-checking and the supporters of Kuomintang Party have the least motivation to verify the facts. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、研究動機與目的 1第一節、研究背景 1第二節、政治假新聞傳播 4第三節、閱聽人與資訊真偽的辨別 7第二章、文獻檢閱 11第一節、假新聞的源起與類型 11第二節、社群媒體與政治資訊傳播 15第三節、不實新聞與閱聽人 24第四節、閱聽人與資訊真偽 26第五節、閱聽人的資訊真偽辨識行為 29第三章、研究方法 34第一節、研究對象與問卷樣本 34第二節、測量變項 35第三節、統計方法... 39第四章、資料分析 40第一節、樣本人口資料 40第二節、研究結果 43第三節、假設驗證 71第五章、結論與建議 80第一節、研究主要發現 80第二節、研究限制與未來研究建議 85參考文獻 88附錄：研究問卷 97 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2578656 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1054640041 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 假新聞 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 閱聽人 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 事實查核 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社群媒體 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體素養 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政黨立場 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) fake news en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) fact-checking en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) social media en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) media literacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) party tendency en_US dc.title (題名) 政治新聞的真與假 : 閱聽人對真實的理解與辨偽 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Why the political news is not the truth. en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 〈2018台灣網路報告〉（2019年1月10日）。取自TWNIC網頁 https://report.twnic.tw/2018/〈國人的公民素養民意調查--中〉（2019年8月25日）。取自財團法人黃昆輝教授教 育基金會網頁http://hkh-edu.com/news2019/news08_25.html王劭文（2018）。《網路「同溫層」現象初探：以婚姻平權臉書社群為例》。國立政治 大學傳播碩士學位論文。王泰俐（2013）。〈「臉書選舉」？ 2012年台灣總統大選社群媒體對政治參與行 為的影響〉。《東吳政治學刊》，31(1): 1-52。王嵩音（2017）。〈社交媒體政治性使用行為與公民參與之研究〉。《資訊社會研 究》，(32): 83-111。尹玫君（1992）。〈臺南地區大學生電腦素養內涵之研究〉。《臺南師院學報》，25: 65- 82。左宗宏、李俊憲（2010）。〈台灣報紙報導選舉新聞偏差現象研究—以 2000 與 2004 年總統大選為例〉。《傳播與社會學刊》，11:141-163。江靜之（2016）。〈記者求真路：論新聞查證〉，「2016中華傳播學會年會」，嘉 義縣民雄。林美和（1996）。〈資訊素養與終身學習的關係〉。《社教雙月刊》，73: 7-12。林照真（2018）。〈假新聞情境初探: 以阿拉伯世界的資訊逆流為例〉。《傳播研 究與實踐》，8(1): 1-26。朱則剛（2005）。〈加拿大媒體素養教育探討〉。《圖書資訊學刊》，3(1): 1-13。何欣潔、李映昕（2017 年 7 月 24 日）。〈香火戰爭：假新聞、假假新聞與中國 因素〉，《端傳媒》。取自 https://theinitium.com/article/no-incense-stick-china/周淑萍（2019年7月22日）。〈LINE 推訊息查證平台 真假訊息秒回覆 趨勢防詐達 人功能多元〉，《蘋果日報》。取自 https://tw.lifestyle.appledaily.com/daily/20190722/38397849/吳尚軒（2018年8月20日）。〈「大奶薇薇」「吃B」到「走味的咖啡」 政治諷刺脫 口秀來了！〉，《風傳媒》。取自https://www.storm.mg/article/479461吳柏軒（2018年12月11日）。〈台大新聞研究所教授王泰俐研究：假新聞確實 影響投票〉，《自由時報》。取自 https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/paper/1253193杜兆倫（2018）。《謠言分藍綠？政治傾向與社群媒體謠言傳播之關聯性研究》。台灣 大學新聞研究所學位論文。胡元輝（2009）。政治偏差大，台灣選舉南公正。財團法人卓越新聞獎基金會。 取自https://www.feja.org.tw/37703。胡元輝（2018）。〈造假有效、更正無力？ 第三方事實查核機制初探〉。《傳 播研究與實踐》，8(2): 43-73。科技部傳播調查資料庫一期第四次（2015）。〈政治傳播與公民傳播〉。《台灣傳播調查 資料庫》。取自http://www.crctaiwan.nctu.edu.tw/AnnualSurvey.asp科技部傳播調查資料庫二期第二次（2018）。〈媒介使用與社會互動〉。《台灣傳播調查 資料庫》。取自 http://www.crctaiwan.nctu.edu.tw/AnnualSurvey_detail.asp?ASD_ID=34施達妮（2018）。〈數位時代的假新聞〉。《漢學研究通訊》，(37)3: 7-13。徐美苓（2015）。〈影響新聞可信度與新聞素養效能因素之探討〉。《中華傳播學 刊》，(27): 99-136。張慧貞（2007）。《網路政治新聞識讀與政治冷漠-以台北地區大學生為例》。國立臺北 教育大學教育傳播與科技研究所學位論文。陳竫詒（2019年5月27日）。〈不只抓到了，還打贏了？芬蘭如何對抗假新聞之戰〉， 《天下雜誌》。取自https://www.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=5095369楊明珠（2018年10月6日）。〈讀賣回顧關西機場事件 台灣面臨假新聞危 機〉，《中央社》。取自 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/201810060004.aspx簡恒宇（2018年11月20日）。〈反智時代》假新聞為何氾濫成災？美國KUSO 網站實驗：捏造的內容愈極端，就愈多人要瘋傳！〉，《風傳媒》。取自 https://www.storm.mg/article/636178?srcid=73746f726d2e6d675f6e756c6c_ 1560236647劉正山（2009）。〈2008 年總統大選競選期間政黨支持者 選擇性接觸媒體傾向的分 析〉，《選舉研究》，16(2): 51-71。劉昌德（2017年4月7日）。〈後真相時代，誰來查核假新聞〉，《媒體改造學 社》。取自http://twmedia.org/archives/1665。劉揚銘、陳伯璿、胡舜詅、周昱璇（2016年2月1日）。〈解讀Ptt：台灣最有影響力 的網路社群〉，《數位時代。》取自 https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/38609/bn-2016-01-29-161210-178劉惠卿（2009）。〈電視報導新聞議題之政黨偏差研究－以 TVBS-N 與 SET-N 報導 312 維新館事件為例〉，《傳播與管理研究》9(1): 33-64。 劉致昕（2019年4月23日）。〈深入全球假新聞之都，看「境外網軍」是如何煉成 的？〉，《報導者》。取自https://www.twreporter.org/a/cyberwarfare-units- disinformation-fake-news-north-macedonia劉慧雯（2017）。〈建構 「倫理閱聽人」: 試論社群媒體使用者的理論意涵〉，《新聞學 研究》，(131): 87-125。黃敦晴（2018年8月21日）。〈史丹福大學：82%學生無法分辨新聞和置入性 行銷，如何教孩子辨別假新聞〉，《親子天下》。取自 https://www.parenting.com.tw/article/5077638。創市際雙週刊第一Ｏ五期（2018年3月15日）。《創市際雙週刊》。取自 http://www.ixresearch.com/reports閻岩、周樹華（2014）。〈媒體偏見：客觀體現和主觀感知〉。《傳播與社會學 刊》，(30): 227-264。蔡又晴（2019年4月21日）。〈印度大選「真相之戰」：假新聞比官方聲明更能獲得民 眾共鳴〉，《關鍵評論網》。取自https://www.thenewslens.com/article/117554蕭怡靖（2006）。〈台灣閱報民眾的人口結構及政治態度之變遷－1992 至 2004 年〉。 《台灣民主季刊》，3(4): 37-70。羅文輝（2013）。〈報紙與電視可信度：1993、1998和2003年的比較研究〉。《台灣的 社會變遷1985-2005：傳播與政治行為》，65-91。羅文輝、王慧馨、侯志欽（2007）。〈2004 年台灣報紙總統選舉新聞之政治偏 差〉。《選舉研究》，14 (2): 95-120。羅文輝、王慧馨、侯志欽（1998）。〈如何提升新聞的正確性: 一種新查證方法 的實驗設計〉。《新聞學研究》，(56), 269-296。羅世宏（2018）。〈關於假新聞的批判思考：老問題、新挑戰與可能的多重解 方〉。《資訊社會研究》，(35): 51-85。盧鴻毅（2015）。〈媒體報導的健康資訊重要性及可信度感知對健康資訊尋求行為的影 響〉。《傳播與社會學刊》，(34): 89-115。Albright, J.(2017). 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