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題名 從高低情緒強度探討不同情緒調節策略在道德兩難中的效果
Investigating the effect of different emotion regulation strategies in high and low emotional intensity moral dilemmas
作者 黃文希
Huang, Wen-Hsi
貢獻者 顏乃欣
Yen, Nai-Shing
黃文希
Huang, Wen-Hsi
關鍵詞 道德兩難
道義取向
功利取向
情緒調節
情緒強度
膚電反應
Moral dilemmas
Deontological
Utilitarian
Emotion regulation
Emotional intensity
Skin conductance responses
日期 2020
上傳時間 1-Jul-2020 13:49:27 (UTC+8)
摘要 在道德兩難中，人們經常在道義取向與功利取向之間做抉擇。道德判斷的雙重歷程理論認為道義選擇涉及情感直覺的歷程，而功利選擇則涉及審慎思考的歷程。先前相關研究發現，情緒調節的使用會影響人們在道德兩難中的決策偏好(Feinberg et al., 2012; Lee & Gino, 2015; Szekely & Miu, 2015)。除此之外，根據歷程特定時間假設的觀點，個體的認知資源有限，而有限的容量會影響不同情緒調節策略的效果。具體而言，在高情緒強度下，重新評估的使用須佔用較多認知資源以進行語意處理，因此效果會受到影響而降低；而分心的使用依然能夠在早期完全阻擋情緒訊息的進入，因此效果並不會受到太大的影響。故，本研究的目標在於透過道德判斷的雙重歷程理論與歷程特定時間假設來探討人們在道德兩難中的決策行為。本研究預期：在低情緒強度的道德兩難中，分心或重新評估的使用皆能有效降低人們的情緒強度，進而偏好做出功利選擇；而在高情緒強度的道德兩難中，只有分心的使用能有效降低人們的情緒強度，並偏好做出功利選擇。實驗一的結果顯示，在高、低情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用分心、重新評估或表達抑制的實驗參與者在主觀情緒強度上皆有明顯降低，但只有使用分心或重新評估的實驗參與者偏好做出功利選擇。實驗二加入膚電反應與心跳反應作為情緒的生理指標，結果顯示，在高、低情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用分心或重新評估的實驗參與者在主觀上與生理上，其情緒強度皆有明顯降低，並偏好做出功利選擇；相對地，使用表達抑制的實驗參與者並未表現出上述現象。綜合以上的實驗結果，本研究基本上支持道德判斷的雙重歷程理論：人們若能有效降低在道德兩難中感受到的情緒強度，將偏好做出功利選擇。而本研究不完全支持歷程特定時間假設：在高情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用重新評估的實驗參與者仍然可以有效降低其情緒強度，並偏好做出功利選擇。
In moral dilemma studies, people often have to make a binary choice between two different courses of action: deontological or utilitarian. Dual process theory of moral judgment suggested that deontological decisions are driven by automatic emotional processes while utilitarian decisions are driven by controlled cognitive processes. Previous studies found that emotion regulation strategies can affect people`s decision inclinations in moral dilemmas. In addition, according to the process-specific timing hypothesis, individuals have limited cognitive resources, and it will affect the effectiveness of different regulation strategies. More specifically, under high emotional intensity condition, compared to distraction, reappraisal requires a large amount of cognitive resources to regulate emotions, so its efficacy is being affected. Therefore, the aim of present research is to explore people’s decision-making preferences in moral dilemmas through the dual process theory of moral judgment and the process-specific timing hypothesis. The present study attempted to predict in low emotional intensity dilemmas, people using distraction or reappraisal can effectively reduce their emotional arousal and make more utilitarian choices; while in high emotional intensity dilemmas, only people using distraction can successfully reduce their emotional arousal and make more utilitarian choices. In experiment 1, the results showed that regardless of high or low emotional intensity dilemmas, participants using distraction, reappraisal or suppression reduced their subjective emotional arousal, but only participants using distraction or reappraisal were more likely to make utilitarian choices. In experiment 2 including skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate as physiological indicators, the results revealed that regardless of high or low emotional intensity dilemmas, participants using distraction or reappraisal reduced their subjective and physiological arousal, and they preferred to make utilitarian choices. By contrast, participants using suppression didn’t reduce their physiological arousal and make more utilitarian choices. To sum up, the present study supported the dual process theory of moral judgment and not fully supported the process-specific timing hypothesis. On one hand, participants using distraction or reappraisal can successfully reduce the emotional arousal in moral dilemmas and make more utilitarian choices. On the other hand, in high emotional intensity conditions, participants using reappraisal still can reduce the emotional arousal in moral dilemmas and make more utilitarian choices.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
105752010
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105752010
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 顏乃欣zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yen, Nai-Shingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃文希zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Wen-Hsien_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃文希zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang, Wen-Hsien_US
dc.date (日期) 2020en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2020 13:49:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Jul-2020 13:49:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2020 13:49:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105752010en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/130586-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105752010zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在道德兩難中，人們經常在道義取向與功利取向之間做抉擇。道德判斷的雙重歷程理論認為道義選擇涉及情感直覺的歷程，而功利選擇則涉及審慎思考的歷程。先前相關研究發現，情緒調節的使用會影響人們在道德兩難中的決策偏好(Feinberg et al., 2012; Lee & Gino, 2015; Szekely & Miu, 2015)。除此之外，根據歷程特定時間假設的觀點，個體的認知資源有限，而有限的容量會影響不同情緒調節策略的效果。具體而言，在高情緒強度下，重新評估的使用須佔用較多認知資源以進行語意處理，因此效果會受到影響而降低；而分心的使用依然能夠在早期完全阻擋情緒訊息的進入，因此效果並不會受到太大的影響。故，本研究的目標在於透過道德判斷的雙重歷程理論與歷程特定時間假設來探討人們在道德兩難中的決策行為。本研究預期：在低情緒強度的道德兩難中，分心或重新評估的使用皆能有效降低人們的情緒強度，進而偏好做出功利選擇；而在高情緒強度的道德兩難中，只有分心的使用能有效降低人們的情緒強度，並偏好做出功利選擇。實驗一的結果顯示，在高、低情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用分心、重新評估或表達抑制的實驗參與者在主觀情緒強度上皆有明顯降低，但只有使用分心或重新評估的實驗參與者偏好做出功利選擇。實驗二加入膚電反應與心跳反應作為情緒的生理指標，結果顯示，在高、低情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用分心或重新評估的實驗參與者在主觀上與生理上，其情緒強度皆有明顯降低，並偏好做出功利選擇；相對地，使用表達抑制的實驗參與者並未表現出上述現象。綜合以上的實驗結果，本研究基本上支持道德判斷的雙重歷程理論：人們若能有效降低在道德兩難中感受到的情緒強度，將偏好做出功利選擇。而本研究不完全支持歷程特定時間假設：在高情緒強度的道德兩難中，使用重新評估的實驗參與者仍然可以有效降低其情緒強度，並偏好做出功利選擇。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In moral dilemma studies, people often have to make a binary choice between two different courses of action: deontological or utilitarian. Dual process theory of moral judgment suggested that deontological decisions are driven by automatic emotional processes while utilitarian decisions are driven by controlled cognitive processes. Previous studies found that emotion regulation strategies can affect people`s decision inclinations in moral dilemmas. In addition, according to the process-specific timing hypothesis, individuals have limited cognitive resources, and it will affect the effectiveness of different regulation strategies. More specifically, under high emotional intensity condition, compared to distraction, reappraisal requires a large amount of cognitive resources to regulate emotions, so its efficacy is being affected. Therefore, the aim of present research is to explore people’s decision-making preferences in moral dilemmas through the dual process theory of moral judgment and the process-specific timing hypothesis. The present study attempted to predict in low emotional intensity dilemmas, people using distraction or reappraisal can effectively reduce their emotional arousal and make more utilitarian choices; while in high emotional intensity dilemmas, only people using distraction can successfully reduce their emotional arousal and make more utilitarian choices. In experiment 1, the results showed that regardless of high or low emotional intensity dilemmas, participants using distraction, reappraisal or suppression reduced their subjective emotional arousal, but only participants using distraction or reappraisal were more likely to make utilitarian choices. In experiment 2 including skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate as physiological indicators, the results revealed that regardless of high or low emotional intensity dilemmas, participants using distraction or reappraisal reduced their subjective and physiological arousal, and they preferred to make utilitarian choices. By contrast, participants using suppression didn’t reduce their physiological arousal and make more utilitarian choices. To sum up, the present study supported the dual process theory of moral judgment and not fully supported the process-specific timing hypothesis. On one hand, participants using distraction or reappraisal can successfully reduce the emotional arousal in moral dilemmas and make more utilitarian choices. On the other hand, in high emotional intensity conditions, participants using reappraisal still can reduce the emotional arousal in moral dilemmas and make more utilitarian choices.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、引言 1
第二節、文獻探討 3
壹、道德決策中的道德兩難 3
貳、道德判斷中審慎思考與情感直覺之觀點 4
參、情感直覺、審慎思考與道義取向、功利取向之間的關係 5
肆、情緒調節與情緒激發程度 8
伍、道德兩難與情緒調節之間的關係 13
陸、道德兩難中的情緒激發和膚電反應之間的關係 16
柒、Greene等人（2001）道德兩難材料中存在的問題 17
第三節、本研究之目的與預測 20
第二章、實驗一 22
第一節、實驗參與者 22
第二節、實驗設計與實驗刺激 22
第三節、實驗流程 23
第四節、行為資料分析 25
第五節、實驗結果 25
第六節、討論 35
第三章、實驗二 38
第一節、實驗參與者 39
第二節、實驗設計與實驗刺激 39
第三節、實驗流程 40
第四節、膚電反應之紀錄 42
第五節、心跳反應之紀錄 43
第六節、行為資料分析 43
第七節、膚電反應資料分析 44
第八節、心跳反應資料分析 44
第九節、中介效果分析 45
第十節、實驗結果 45
第十一節、討論 63
第四章、綜合討論 68
第一節、雙重歷程理論 68
第二節、歷程特定時間假設 69
第三節、道德兩難材料之比較 71
第四節、研究貢獻 72
第五節、研究限制 75
第六節、結論 77
參考文獻 78
附錄A 93
附錄B 106
附錄C 107		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 3610928 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105752010en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 道德兩難zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 道義取向zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 功利取向zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 情緒調節zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 情緒強度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 膚電反應zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Moral dilemmasen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Deontologicalen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Utilitarianen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emotion regulationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emotional intensityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Skin conductance responsesen_US
dc.title (題名) 從高低情緒強度探討不同情緒調節策略在道德兩難中的效果zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Investigating the effect of different emotion regulation strategies in high and low emotional intensity moral dilemmasen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202000493en_US