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題名 論《動物城市》中被烙印污名者的自我認同
Self-Identity of Stigmatized Individuals in Lauren Beukes’s Zoo City作者 吳瑜容
Wu, Yu-Jung貢獻者 邱彥彬
Chiou, Yen-Bin
吳瑜容
Wu, Yu-Jung關鍵詞 羅倫·布克斯
《動物城市》
動物人
自我認同
米歇爾·傅柯
權力
Lauren Beukes
Zoo City
Zoos
Self-identity
Michel Foucault
Power日期 2020 上傳時間 2-九月-2020 11:33:51 (UTC+8) 摘要 羅倫·布克斯在《動物城市》中描繪的每一個殺人者都會伴隨著一隻動物。只要殺了人，必定會經歷超自然的轉變。殺人者的感知，精神以及生命永遠與他的動物連結，因此其動物象徵無法抹滅的罪。經過改變後，殺人者被稱為動物人(zoos)，並失去生存價值，宛如赤裸生命的存有再也無法再重返正常人的生活。以主角銀子．十二月為例，她被視為失去人性的動物人、可能再次成為罪犯的濳在威脅，因此社會權利被剝奪，存在於法律之外的她只屬於動物城市(Zoo City)。本論文分為三部份主要以主角為例，探討被烙印污名者的自我認同。第一部分爬梳米歇爾·傅柯從權力系譜學中觀察權力與人的關係，進而發展至生命政治。並討論喬治·阿岡本對傅柯的生命權力探究所提出神聖之人概念作為結尾。第二部分將分析《動物城市》中主角帶著象徵罪惡的樹懶所造成個人身份以及社會身份污名化。接著係論述主角成為動物人(zoos)之後，導致主角在日常生活中經歷污名以及排斥。主角 如被法律棄置的裸命。她不屬於公民，也不屬於動物，而是一個永遠無法被認可，其生命隨時可以被合法剝奪的存在。生命權利被剝奪導致主角的不安全感並牽涉自我認同。第三部分論述主角處於生命權利被懸置的例外狀態中，如何在非利益關係中透過與他者互動發展出穩定的自我認同。最後結論梳理前述論點，並且試著提出新的可能；在小說的最後，主角離開了動物城市，也脫離了它的秩序結構。她開啟了新的旅程，也開創了屬於自己的新生命向度。
In Zoo City, Lauren Beukes portrays murderers in company with the supernatural animals. If men commit a murder, they may be correlated with the perception and the spirit. Such process of being animalled is involuntary because it concerns not the people’s free will and symbolizes a stigma of criminals for the rest of lives. The animal signifies the crime of murder, which is an action against others and humanity. Therefore, they are at risk of incurring criminal penalties and reduced to a bare life. The protagonist, Zinzi December, cannot find a decent job, an appropriate apartment, or a social role. She stands outside the scope of law. Precisely, she is at the status of criminal-to-be, which isolates her from the society and makes her inclusively enclosed in Zoo City, Hillbrow. The particular status embodies the stigmatized identities in her personal trails as attributes.In my thesis, I aim to investigate stigmatized individuals—zoos—and focus on Zinzi, who is struggling with self-identity. I divide the thesis into three parts. First, I will briefly introduce its relation with Michel Foucault’s genealogy of power and human existence. I will further detail how it develops into the modern politics—biopolitics. Second, in Zoo City, the sloth represents a stigma of the murder of Zinzi and greatly impacts on Zinzi’s identities. I will elaborate personal identity and social identity of Zinzi who identifies with a bare life living without rights of citizens. She is the living dead due to the legal and social dispossession. Zinzi is in the state of exception that a living subject to a threat of being killed by anyone. Whoever kills her without condemnation and punishment. Third, I will elaborate on how Zinzi stabilizes self-identity in interaction with the disinterested partners. In conclusion, I will summarize the discussions I brought up by highlighting the plight of Zinzi December with the openness to a new life.參考文獻 Works CitedAdogame, Afe, Ezra Chitando, and Bolaji Bateye. African Traditions in The Study of Religion, Diaspora and Gendered Societies. Farnham: Ashgate, 15 Feb. 2013. Print.Agamben, Giorgio. Homo Sacer. Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen Stanford: Stanford UP, 1998. Print.---. The Open: Man and Animal. Trans. Kevin Attell. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2004, Print.Beukes, Lauren. Zoo City. New York: Mulholland Books, 2016. Print.Bruckert, Chris, and Stacey Hannem. Stigma Revisited: Implications of the Mark. Ottawa: Ottawa UP, 2012. Print.Caraivan, Luiza. “Portraits of South African Women in Lauren Beukes’ Writings.” Gender Studies 15.1 (2016):1-12. Sciendo, Web, 14 Mar 2017. Accessed.Davis, John B. Individuals and Identity in Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2010. Print.Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Trans. Brian Massumi. London: The University of Minnesota P, 2000. Print.Dickson, Jessica, “Reading the (Zoo) City: The Social Realities and Science Fiction of Johannesburg.” The Salon: Imagining Africa’s Future Cities 7 (2014): 67–78. Print.Foucault, Michel. Power/knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977. Trans. Colin Gordon, Leo Marshal, John Mepham and Kate Sober. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980. Print.---. ‘The Life of Infamous Men.’ Power, Truth, Strategy. Trans. Paul Foss and Meaghan Morris. Sydney: Feral Publications, 1979, 76-91. Print.---. Security, Territory, Population: Lecture at the Collège de France, 1978-1979. Trans. David. Macey. New York: Picador, 2007. Print.---. The Abnormal: Lectures at the College de France, 1974-1975. Trans. David Macey. New York: Picador, 2003. Print.---. The Birth of Biopolitics: Lecture at the Collège de France, 1977-1978. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Picador, 2011. Print.---. Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison. Trans. A. Sheridan. New York: Pantheon, 1977. Print.Fryer, Jocelyn. “Rewriting Abject Spaces and Subjectivities in Lauren Beukes`s Zoo City” English in Africa 43 (2016): 111-129. Print.Giddens, Anthony. The Modernity and Self-identity: Self and the Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1991. Print.Goffman, Erving. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1963. Print.Hoad, Neville. “Dystopian Futures, Apartheid, and Postapartheid Allegories: Contemporary Imaginings of Johannesburg.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 36.2 (2016): 293-306. Print.Humphrey, Michael. The Politics of Atrocity and Reconciliation: From Terror to Trauma. London: Routledge, 2013, 11-24. Print.Kopf, Gereon. Beyond Personal Identity Dogen, Nishida, and a Phenomenology of No-Self. Surrey: Curzon P, 2001. Print.Lawler, Steph. Identity: Sociological Perspectives. Cambridge: Polity P, 2014. Print.Link, Bruce G. and Jo C. Phelan. “Conceptualizing Stigma.” Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 363-385. JSTOR, Web. 15 July 2020. Accessed.Luiza, Caraivan. “Portraits of South African Women in Lauren Beukes’s Writings.” Gender Studies 15.1 (2016): 214-228. Sciendo, Web. 14 Mar 2017. Accessed.Miligan, Tony. Animal Ethics: The Basics. London: Routledge, 2015. Print.Mills, Jon and Janusz A. Polanowski. “The Ontology of Prejudice” Ontology of Prejudice. NL: Rodopi, 1997, 11-44. Print.Nidditch, Peter N. John Locke: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Oxford: Clarendon P, 1975. Print.Pennington, Nancy Carter and Lawrence H. Staple. The Guilt Cure. Carmel, CA: Fisher King P. 2011. Print.Perry, John. Identity, Personal Identity, and the Self. New York: Hackett Publishing Company, 2002. Print.Rovane, Carol. “Personal Identity and Choice,” Personal Identity and Fractured Selves, ed. D. Mathews et al. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2009, 129-162. Print.Stobie, Caitlin E. “‘There Are No Monsters, It’s Just Us’: An Interview with Lauren Beukes.” Scrutiny2, Issues in English Studies in Southern Africa 21.1 (2016): 44-54. Taylor and Francis Online, Web. 18 Oct 2016. Accessed.Stobie, Cheryl. “Dystopian dreams from South Africa: Lauren Beukes’s Moxyland and Zoo City.” African Identities 10.4 (2012): 367–380. Taylor and Francis Online, Web. Jun 2012. Accessed.Wilkinson, Robyn. Representations of Gender and Sexuality in the Key Characters of Lauren Beukes`s Interstitial Fiction. Pietermaritzburg: Kwa Zulu-Natal UP, 2015. Print. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
102551015資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102551015 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 邱彥彬 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chiou, Yen-Bin en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 吳瑜容 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Wu, Yu-Jung en_US dc.creator (作者) 吳瑜容 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Wu, Yu-Jung en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-九月-2020 11:33:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-九月-2020 11:33:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-九月-2020 11:33:51 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0102551015 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131438 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 英國語文學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102551015 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 羅倫·布克斯在《動物城市》中描繪的每一個殺人者都會伴隨著一隻動物。只要殺了人，必定會經歷超自然的轉變。殺人者的感知，精神以及生命永遠與他的動物連結，因此其動物象徵無法抹滅的罪。經過改變後，殺人者被稱為動物人(zoos)，並失去生存價值，宛如赤裸生命的存有再也無法再重返正常人的生活。以主角銀子．十二月為例，她被視為失去人性的動物人、可能再次成為罪犯的濳在威脅，因此社會權利被剝奪，存在於法律之外的她只屬於動物城市(Zoo City)。本論文分為三部份主要以主角為例，探討被烙印污名者的自我認同。第一部分爬梳米歇爾·傅柯從權力系譜學中觀察權力與人的關係，進而發展至生命政治。並討論喬治·阿岡本對傅柯的生命權力探究所提出神聖之人概念作為結尾。第二部分將分析《動物城市》中主角帶著象徵罪惡的樹懶所造成個人身份以及社會身份污名化。接著係論述主角成為動物人(zoos)之後，導致主角在日常生活中經歷污名以及排斥。主角 如被法律棄置的裸命。她不屬於公民，也不屬於動物，而是一個永遠無法被認可，其生命隨時可以被合法剝奪的存在。生命權利被剝奪導致主角的不安全感並牽涉自我認同。第三部分論述主角處於生命權利被懸置的例外狀態中，如何在非利益關係中透過與他者互動發展出穩定的自我認同。最後結論梳理前述論點，並且試著提出新的可能；在小說的最後，主角離開了動物城市，也脫離了它的秩序結構。她開啟了新的旅程，也開創了屬於自己的新生命向度。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In Zoo City, Lauren Beukes portrays murderers in company with the supernatural animals. If men commit a murder, they may be correlated with the perception and the spirit. Such process of being animalled is involuntary because it concerns not the people’s free will and symbolizes a stigma of criminals for the rest of lives. The animal signifies the crime of murder, which is an action against others and humanity. Therefore, they are at risk of incurring criminal penalties and reduced to a bare life. The protagonist, Zinzi December, cannot find a decent job, an appropriate apartment, or a social role. She stands outside the scope of law. Precisely, she is at the status of criminal-to-be, which isolates her from the society and makes her inclusively enclosed in Zoo City, Hillbrow. The particular status embodies the stigmatized identities in her personal trails as attributes.In my thesis, I aim to investigate stigmatized individuals—zoos—and focus on Zinzi, who is struggling with self-identity. I divide the thesis into three parts. First, I will briefly introduce its relation with Michel Foucault’s genealogy of power and human existence. I will further detail how it develops into the modern politics—biopolitics. Second, in Zoo City, the sloth represents a stigma of the murder of Zinzi and greatly impacts on Zinzi’s identities. I will elaborate personal identity and social identity of Zinzi who identifies with a bare life living without rights of citizens. She is the living dead due to the legal and social dispossession. Zinzi is in the state of exception that a living subject to a threat of being killed by anyone. Whoever kills her without condemnation and punishment. Third, I will elaborate on how Zinzi stabilizes self-identity in interaction with the disinterested partners. In conclusion, I will summarize the discussions I brought up by highlighting the plight of Zinzi December with the openness to a new life. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Table of ContentsAcknowledgement vChinese Abstract ixEnglish Abstract xiChapter1. Introduction 1Literature Review 3Methodology 9Chapter Organization 112. Conceptualizing the Human Being 15The Analysis of Power Relation and Human Values 17The Relationship between Politics and Life 283. Identifying Zoos in Zoo City 33Becoming a Zoo 35Identities of Zinzi December 36Stigmatization and Identity 374. The Cross-situational Coherence in Perceived Self 45The Sense of Insecurity: Guilt 47Within the Interactions 515. Conclusion 57Works Cited 65 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102551015 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 羅倫·布克斯 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 《動物城市》 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動物人 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自我認同 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 米歇爾·傅柯 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 權力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Lauren Beukes en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Zoo City en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Zoos en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Self-identity en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Michel Foucault en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Power en_US dc.title (題名) 論《動物城市》中被烙印污名者的自我認同 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Self-Identity of Stigmatized Individuals in Lauren Beukes’s Zoo City en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Works CitedAdogame, Afe, Ezra Chitando, and Bolaji Bateye. African Traditions in The Study of Religion, Diaspora and Gendered Societies. Farnham: Ashgate, 15 Feb. 2013. Print.Agamben, Giorgio. Homo Sacer. Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen Stanford: Stanford UP, 1998. Print.---. The Open: Man and Animal. Trans. Kevin Attell. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2004, Print.Beukes, Lauren. Zoo City. New York: Mulholland Books, 2016. Print.Bruckert, Chris, and Stacey Hannem. Stigma Revisited: Implications of the Mark. Ottawa: Ottawa UP, 2012. Print.Caraivan, Luiza. “Portraits of South African Women in Lauren Beukes’ Writings.” Gender Studies 15.1 (2016):1-12. Sciendo, Web, 14 Mar 2017. Accessed.Davis, John B. Individuals and Identity in Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2010. Print.Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Trans. Brian Massumi. London: The University of Minnesota P, 2000. Print.Dickson, Jessica, “Reading the (Zoo) City: The Social Realities and Science Fiction of Johannesburg.” The Salon: Imagining Africa’s Future Cities 7 (2014): 67–78. Print.Foucault, Michel. Power/knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977. Trans. Colin Gordon, Leo Marshal, John Mepham and Kate Sober. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980. Print.---. ‘The Life of Infamous Men.’ Power, Truth, Strategy. Trans. Paul Foss and Meaghan Morris. Sydney: Feral Publications, 1979, 76-91. Print.---. Security, Territory, Population: Lecture at the Collège de France, 1978-1979. Trans. David. Macey. New York: Picador, 2007. Print.---. The Abnormal: Lectures at the College de France, 1974-1975. Trans. David Macey. New York: Picador, 2003. Print.---. The Birth of Biopolitics: Lecture at the Collège de France, 1977-1978. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Picador, 2011. Print.---. Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison. Trans. A. Sheridan. New York: Pantheon, 1977. Print.Fryer, Jocelyn. “Rewriting Abject Spaces and Subjectivities in Lauren Beukes`s Zoo City” English in Africa 43 (2016): 111-129. Print.Giddens, Anthony. The Modernity and Self-identity: Self and the Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1991. Print.Goffman, Erving. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1963. Print.Hoad, Neville. “Dystopian Futures, Apartheid, and Postapartheid Allegories: Contemporary Imaginings of Johannesburg.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 36.2 (2016): 293-306. Print.Humphrey, Michael. The Politics of Atrocity and Reconciliation: From Terror to Trauma. London: Routledge, 2013, 11-24. Print.Kopf, Gereon. Beyond Personal Identity Dogen, Nishida, and a Phenomenology of No-Self. Surrey: Curzon P, 2001. Print.Lawler, Steph. Identity: Sociological Perspectives. Cambridge: Polity P, 2014. Print.Link, Bruce G. and Jo C. Phelan. “Conceptualizing Stigma.” Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 363-385. JSTOR, Web. 15 July 2020. Accessed.Luiza, Caraivan. “Portraits of South African Women in Lauren Beukes’s Writings.” Gender Studies 15.1 (2016): 214-228. Sciendo, Web. 14 Mar 2017. Accessed.Miligan, Tony. Animal Ethics: The Basics. London: Routledge, 2015. Print.Mills, Jon and Janusz A. Polanowski. “The Ontology of Prejudice” Ontology of Prejudice. NL: Rodopi, 1997, 11-44. Print.Nidditch, Peter N. John Locke: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Oxford: Clarendon P, 1975. Print.Pennington, Nancy Carter and Lawrence H. Staple. The Guilt Cure. Carmel, CA: Fisher King P. 2011. Print.Perry, John. Identity, Personal Identity, and the Self. New York: Hackett Publishing Company, 2002. Print.Rovane, Carol. “Personal Identity and Choice,” Personal Identity and Fractured Selves, ed. D. Mathews et al. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2009, 129-162. Print.Stobie, Caitlin E. “‘There Are No Monsters, It’s Just Us’: An Interview with Lauren Beukes.” Scrutiny2, Issues in English Studies in Southern Africa 21.1 (2016): 44-54. Taylor and Francis Online, Web. 18 Oct 2016. Accessed.Stobie, Cheryl. “Dystopian dreams from South Africa: Lauren Beukes’s Moxyland and Zoo City.” African Identities 10.4 (2012): 367–380. Taylor and Francis Online, Web. Jun 2012. Accessed.Wilkinson, Robyn. Representations of Gender and Sexuality in the Key Characters of Lauren Beukes`s Interstitial Fiction. Pietermaritzburg: Kwa Zulu-Natal UP, 2015. Print. zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202001182 en_US
