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題名 身心障礙特考公務人員工作適應與考績之研究
A research on the job adaptation and performance appraisal of those who pass the Special Examination for the Disabled.作者 陳澍鋒
Chen, Shu-Feng貢獻者 傅凱若
Fu, Kai-Jo
陳澍鋒
Chen, Shu-Feng關鍵詞 身心障礙特考
工作適應
績效考核
Special Examination for the Disabled
Job Adaptation
Performance Appraisal日期 2020 上傳時間 2-Sep-2020 12:34:00 (UTC+8) 摘要 針對身心障礙特考公務人員的研究,過去雖有前輩以他們為研究主體做過分析,然而較沒有人針對身心障礙特考人員就業後的工作適應、績效表現及其主管考評情形,以深度訪談的方式作探討。因此研究者特別想針對上述面向作研究,從而促進身心障礙特考公務人員的工作適應、績效表現,並消弭對身心障礙特考公務人員的績效迷思。本研究主要是以學者 Stone 和 Colella所提出的身心障礙者組織對待因素模型為主,並針對研究主題輔以工作適應及績效考核的相關理論,從法令與組織因素、身心障礙者本身、身心障礙者的觀察者、工作本質與工作預期以及身心障礙者的回應等五個面向,去了解對身心障礙特考人員工作適應、績效表現和考績的影響情形。經深度訪談後,在身心障礙特考人員的工作適應和績效表現部分,本研究發現:1.障礙因素的影響主要是和機關性質、工作本質交互連動。2.側重紙筆測驗和依名次分發的國家考試制度,易造成人與工作及人與組織錯配的情形。3.職務再設計方案有正面效益,然功能仍有其侷限。4.「進用身心障礙者政府單位教育訓練研習課程」及「人事單位角色」有正面的影響。5.透過人事單位作出回應,可促進障礙者的組織公平對待。至於績效考核的部分,本研究則發現:1.主管評定考績主要是以工作表現為依歸。2.「機關屬性」所形成的考核者「身分差異」對考核者的考核策略產生更重要的影響。3.有關績效考核的公平,障礙者在乎的是渠等是否站在公平的起跑線上。最後,基於上述的研究結論,本研究提出相關政策建議,以促進身心障礙特考人員的工作適應及考績結果公平性。
Reviewing the past literature, there is no in-depth interview to discuss the job adaptation, job performance and performance appraisal of those who pass the Special Examination for the Disabled.Therefore, the author especially want to make an analysis of the above-mentioned aspects, so as to promote the job adaptation and performance of these people, and eliminate the organization`s prejudice against their work performance.In this study, the author used the model of Stone & Colella which theorizes the factors contributing to how an organization treats the disabled employees. Based on the model, the author designed questions regarding job adaptation, job performance and performance appraisal for the disabled civil servants and their supervisors and colleagues.The research results of job adaptation and job performance are as follows:1. The impact of obstacles is mainly linked to the type of the organization and the nature of the work .2. The current examination system is prone to mismatch between people and work and between people and organizations.3. The job redesign scheme has positive benefits, but its functions are still limited.4. Study courses and the role of the personnel office have a positive impact.The research results of performance appraisal are as follows:1. Supervisor`s performance appraisal is based on the performance of employees.2. Organization type has a more important influence on the appraisers` assessment strategies 3. Only by standing at a fair starting point can the handicapped feel a sense of fairness.Finally, based on the above research conclusions, the author give some policy suggestions to promote the work adaptation and fair evaluation of these people.參考文獻 一、中文部分王琪惠(2017)。視覺障礙公務人員工作適應歷程之研究。國立臺灣師範大學復健諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。王國羽。2004。世界衛生組織身心障礙人口定義概念之演進:兼論我國身心障礙人口定義系統之問題與未來修正之方向。社會政策與社會工作學刊,8(2):194–233。方祥州(2006)。國小初任教師工作期望、工作適應與自我效能之研究。國立花蓮教育大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,花蓮。考選部(2013)。身心障礙人員考試制度白皮書。台北:考選部。吳秀照(2007)。身心障礙者就業需求與就業政策。台北:雙葉書廊有限公司。吳錦隆(2001)。影響國中訓導主任工作壓力與工作適應相關因素之研究。國立 彰化師範大學工業教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。吳思(2002)。潛規則:中國歷史上的進退遊戲。台北:究竟。呂育誠、陳文學(2011)。從代表性官僚概念論身心障礙人員考試改進。國家菁英,7(1),97-119。李政賢(譯)(2007)。質性研究:設計與計畫撰寫(Catherine Marshall、Gretchen B.Rossman 原著)。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。林昭吟、孫健忠(2014)。我國公部門身心障礙者定額進用實施之多面向檢視。東吳社會工作學報,26, 47-75。邱永祥(2001)。影響高職特教班畢業生工作適應相關因素之研究。彰化師範大學工業教育研究所未出版之碩士論文,未出版,彰化。邱俊銘(2007)。我國公部門身心障礙者離職傾向之研究。東吳大學政治學系碩士論文,未出版,台北。邱滿艷、黃河、陳維倫、洪淑倫、鍾聖音(2015)。我國私立定額進用義務機構進用身心障礙者現況之探討。就業安全半年刊,14(2),82-95。施能傑(1991)。「富者愈富、貧者愈貧」的考績法修正方向。人事月刊,13(3),99-103。施能傑(1992)。考績謬誤的類型與原因-理論闡釋與經驗分析(上)。人事月刊,14(3),4-11。高宥洋(2011)。考績法修正草案與考績謬誤之研究。公務人員月刊,182,21-33。孫本初、程挽華(1998)。組織中身心障礙者的管理。人力發展,54,14-24。翁興利、陳文學(2008)。我國原住民文官之研究:消極代表性官僚之測量。國家 菁英季刊,4(1)。2-17。張琮昀(2011)。身心障礙特考三等人員任職與升遷發展之研究。國立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。張睿玲(2017)。探討身心障礙特種考試公務人員運用職務再設計服務措施之研究。國立臺灣師範大學復健諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。張其祿(2008)。公務人力的多元化管理:兼論國家考試之人權保障。國家菁英季 刊,4(1),95-111。張瓊玲(2011)。研析公務人員考績法修正案對於公部門人事制度之影響。公務人員月刊,182,6-13。張瓊玲(2014)。公務人員考績法中淘汰機制演進之探討。中國行政評論,20(1),27-53。梁偉岳(2010)。視覺障礙者工作表現、工作角色行為及工作滿意度之研究。國立高雄師範大學特殊教育學系博士論文,未出版,高雄。陳明燕(2007)。身心障礙公務人員工作滿足與離職傾向之硏究。國立政治大學公共硏究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。陳皎眉等(2015)。心理學(二版)。台北:雙葉書廊有限公司。陳向明(2015)。社會科學質的研究。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。陳敦源(2010)。我國考績制度之檢視:從循證理論、正義觀點及參與管理角度 檢視。考試院專題研究成果報告。許道然、林文燦(2015)。考銓制度。台北:空大。許南雄(2013)。各國人事制度-比較人事制度。台北:商鼎。許慶復(2009)。政府部門人力多元化管理。高大法學論叢,5,1-22。黃淑芬(1986)。由「職業適應理論」談「職業增強物組型」在復健及職業輔導上的重要性。就業與訓練,4(2),74-79。曾玟儀(2016)。我國公務人員考績制度運作中主管考核行為之研究:以新北市一級機關業務主管為例。國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程碩士論文,未出版,台北。曾玟儀、蘇偉業(2017)。必然的謬誤與潛規則的合理性:制度約束下的地方主管年終考績行為。文官制度季刊,9(2),79-108。焦興鎧(2009)。論美國推動積極行動方案以消弭就業歧視問題之努力。長庚人文 社會學報,2(1),53-99。焦興鎧(2011)。工作平等與優惠之平衡--美國經驗之借鏡。國家菁英,7(2),9-36。蔡良文(2014)。人事行政學-論現行考銓制度。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。廖俊松(1998)。殘障特考錄取員工工作滿意度調查研究。空大行政學報,8, 217-247。劉海平(2004)。異國婚姻,折翼家庭—單親『外籍配偶』家庭問題與政策規劃。私立東吳大學社會學系在職專班碩士論文。盧琬貞(2002)。肢體障礙高職畢業生職業適應情形之研究。國立彰化師範大學 特殊教育學系碩士論文,未出版,彰化。蘇偉業(2014)。論公務人員考績問題:強制分配等級與權責相稱。人事行政,184,12-20。二、外文部分Arkoff, A.(1976). 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Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 17(1), 2-10.Waddington, L. ,& Diller, M. (2000).Tensions and coherence in disability policy: The uneasy relationship between social welfare and civil rights models of disability in American, European and international employment law. Paper presented at the International Disability Law and Policy Syposium, California ,Berkeley. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
103256016資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103256016 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 傅凱若 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Fu, Kai-Jo en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳澍鋒 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Shu-Feng en_US dc.creator (作者) 陳澍鋒 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chen, Shu-Feng en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2020 12:34:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2020 12:34:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2020 12:34:00 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103256016 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131727 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 103256016 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 針對身心障礙特考公務人員的研究,過去雖有前輩以他們為研究主體做過分析,然而較沒有人針對身心障礙特考人員就業後的工作適應、績效表現及其主管考評情形,以深度訪談的方式作探討。因此研究者特別想針對上述面向作研究,從而促進身心障礙特考公務人員的工作適應、績效表現,並消弭對身心障礙特考公務人員的績效迷思。本研究主要是以學者 Stone 和 Colella所提出的身心障礙者組織對待因素模型為主,並針對研究主題輔以工作適應及績效考核的相關理論,從法令與組織因素、身心障礙者本身、身心障礙者的觀察者、工作本質與工作預期以及身心障礙者的回應等五個面向,去了解對身心障礙特考人員工作適應、績效表現和考績的影響情形。經深度訪談後,在身心障礙特考人員的工作適應和績效表現部分,本研究發現:1.障礙因素的影響主要是和機關性質、工作本質交互連動。2.側重紙筆測驗和依名次分發的國家考試制度,易造成人與工作及人與組織錯配的情形。3.職務再設計方案有正面效益,然功能仍有其侷限。4.「進用身心障礙者政府單位教育訓練研習課程」及「人事單位角色」有正面的影響。5.透過人事單位作出回應,可促進障礙者的組織公平對待。至於績效考核的部分,本研究則發現:1.主管評定考績主要是以工作表現為依歸。2.「機關屬性」所形成的考核者「身分差異」對考核者的考核策略產生更重要的影響。3.有關績效考核的公平,障礙者在乎的是渠等是否站在公平的起跑線上。最後,基於上述的研究結論,本研究提出相關政策建議,以促進身心障礙特考人員的工作適應及考績結果公平性。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Reviewing the past literature, there is no in-depth interview to discuss the job adaptation, job performance and performance appraisal of those who pass the Special Examination for the Disabled.Therefore, the author especially want to make an analysis of the above-mentioned aspects, so as to promote the job adaptation and performance of these people, and eliminate the organization`s prejudice against their work performance.In this study, the author used the model of Stone & Colella which theorizes the factors contributing to how an organization treats the disabled employees. Based on the model, the author designed questions regarding job adaptation, job performance and performance appraisal for the disabled civil servants and their supervisors and colleagues.The research results of job adaptation and job performance are as follows:1. The impact of obstacles is mainly linked to the type of the organization and the nature of the work .2. The current examination system is prone to mismatch between people and work and between people and organizations.3. The job redesign scheme has positive benefits, but its functions are still limited.4. Study courses and the role of the personnel office have a positive impact.The research results of performance appraisal are as follows:1. Supervisor`s performance appraisal is based on the performance of employees.2. Organization type has a more important influence on the appraisers` assessment strategies 3. Only by standing at a fair starting point can the handicapped feel a sense of fairness.Finally, based on the above research conclusions, the author give some policy suggestions to promote the work adaptation and fair evaluation of these people. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景與動機 1第二節 研究目的與問題 9第三節 名詞解釋 12第二章 文獻回顧 21第一節 身心障礙特考理論基礎 22第二節 工作適應相關文獻 26第三節 績效考核相關文獻 34第四節 身心障礙者組織對待因素模型 42第三章 研究設計 51第一節 研究架構與流程 51第二節 研究範圍 53第三節 研究方法 54第四章 研究結果分析與討論 61第一節 受訪者介紹 61第二節 工作適應的研究結果 65第三節 績效考核的研究結果 82第四節 綜合討論 92第五章 結論與建議 97第一節 研究結論 97第二節 研究建議 105參考文獻 109附錄一 現制(8類)與舊制(16類)身心障礙類別及代碼對應表115附錄二 研究問題與訪談題目對應表 116附錄三 公務人員平時成績考核紀錄表 119 zh_TW dc.format.extent 5130109 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103256016 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 身心障礙特考 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作適應 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 績效考核 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Special Examination for the Disabled en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Job Adaptation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Performance Appraisal en_US dc.title (題名) 身心障礙特考公務人員工作適應與考績之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A research on the job adaptation and performance appraisal of those who pass the Special Examination for the Disabled. en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分王琪惠(2017)。視覺障礙公務人員工作適應歷程之研究。國立臺灣師範大學復健諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。王國羽。2004。世界衛生組織身心障礙人口定義概念之演進:兼論我國身心障礙人口定義系統之問題與未來修正之方向。社會政策與社會工作學刊,8(2):194–233。方祥州(2006)。國小初任教師工作期望、工作適應與自我效能之研究。國立花蓮教育大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,花蓮。考選部(2013)。身心障礙人員考試制度白皮書。台北:考選部。吳秀照(2007)。身心障礙者就業需求與就業政策。台北:雙葉書廊有限公司。吳錦隆(2001)。影響國中訓導主任工作壓力與工作適應相關因素之研究。國立 彰化師範大學工業教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。吳思(2002)。潛規則:中國歷史上的進退遊戲。台北:究竟。呂育誠、陳文學(2011)。從代表性官僚概念論身心障礙人員考試改進。國家菁英,7(1),97-119。李政賢(譯)(2007)。質性研究:設計與計畫撰寫(Catherine Marshall、Gretchen B.Rossman 原著)。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。林昭吟、孫健忠(2014)。我國公部門身心障礙者定額進用實施之多面向檢視。東吳社會工作學報,26, 47-75。邱永祥(2001)。影響高職特教班畢業生工作適應相關因素之研究。彰化師範大學工業教育研究所未出版之碩士論文,未出版,彰化。邱俊銘(2007)。我國公部門身心障礙者離職傾向之研究。東吳大學政治學系碩士論文,未出版,台北。邱滿艷、黃河、陳維倫、洪淑倫、鍾聖音(2015)。我國私立定額進用義務機構進用身心障礙者現況之探討。就業安全半年刊,14(2),82-95。施能傑(1991)。「富者愈富、貧者愈貧」的考績法修正方向。人事月刊,13(3),99-103。施能傑(1992)。考績謬誤的類型與原因-理論闡釋與經驗分析(上)。人事月刊,14(3),4-11。高宥洋(2011)。考績法修正草案與考績謬誤之研究。公務人員月刊,182,21-33。孫本初、程挽華(1998)。組織中身心障礙者的管理。人力發展,54,14-24。翁興利、陳文學(2008)。我國原住民文官之研究:消極代表性官僚之測量。國家 菁英季刊,4(1)。2-17。張琮昀(2011)。身心障礙特考三等人員任職與升遷發展之研究。國立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。張睿玲(2017)。探討身心障礙特種考試公務人員運用職務再設計服務措施之研究。國立臺灣師範大學復健諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。張其祿(2008)。公務人力的多元化管理:兼論國家考試之人權保障。國家菁英季 刊,4(1),95-111。張瓊玲(2011)。研析公務人員考績法修正案對於公部門人事制度之影響。公務人員月刊,182,6-13。張瓊玲(2014)。公務人員考績法中淘汰機制演進之探討。中國行政評論,20(1),27-53。梁偉岳(2010)。視覺障礙者工作表現、工作角色行為及工作滿意度之研究。國立高雄師範大學特殊教育學系博士論文,未出版,高雄。陳明燕(2007)。身心障礙公務人員工作滿足與離職傾向之硏究。國立政治大學公共硏究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。陳皎眉等(2015)。心理學(二版)。台北:雙葉書廊有限公司。陳向明(2015)。社會科學質的研究。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。陳敦源(2010)。我國考績制度之檢視:從循證理論、正義觀點及參與管理角度 檢視。考試院專題研究成果報告。許道然、林文燦(2015)。考銓制度。台北:空大。許南雄(2013)。各國人事制度-比較人事制度。台北:商鼎。許慶復(2009)。政府部門人力多元化管理。高大法學論叢,5,1-22。黃淑芬(1986)。由「職業適應理論」談「職業增強物組型」在復健及職業輔導上的重要性。就業與訓練,4(2),74-79。曾玟儀(2016)。我國公務人員考績制度運作中主管考核行為之研究:以新北市一級機關業務主管為例。國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程碩士論文,未出版,台北。曾玟儀、蘇偉業(2017)。必然的謬誤與潛規則的合理性:制度約束下的地方主管年終考績行為。文官制度季刊,9(2),79-108。焦興鎧(2009)。論美國推動積極行動方案以消弭就業歧視問題之努力。長庚人文 社會學報,2(1),53-99。焦興鎧(2011)。工作平等與優惠之平衡--美國經驗之借鏡。國家菁英,7(2),9-36。蔡良文(2014)。人事行政學-論現行考銓制度。台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。廖俊松(1998)。殘障特考錄取員工工作滿意度調查研究。空大行政學報,8, 217-247。劉海平(2004)。異國婚姻,折翼家庭—單親『外籍配偶』家庭問題與政策規劃。私立東吳大學社會學系在職專班碩士論文。盧琬貞(2002)。肢體障礙高職畢業生職業適應情形之研究。國立彰化師範大學 特殊教育學系碩士論文,未出版,彰化。蘇偉業(2014)。論公務人員考績問題:強制分配等級與權責相稱。人事行政,184,12-20。二、外文部分Arkoff, A.(1976). 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